| 词条 | Nicanor Parra |
| 释义 |
| name = Nicanor Parra | image = Nicanor Parra (cropped).jpg | imagesize = 250px | caption = | birth_name = Nicanor Segundo Parra Sandoval | birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1914|9|5}} | birth_place = San Fabián de Alico, Chile | occupation = Poet | death_date = {{Death date and age|2018|1|23|1914|9|5|df=yes}} | death_place = La Reina, Chile | awards = Miguel de Cervantes Prize (2011) | spouse = }} Nicanor Segundo Parra Sandoval (5 September 1914 – 23 January 2018) was a Chilean poet, mathematician, and physicist. He was considered an influential poet in Chile and throughout Latin America. Parra described himself as an "anti-poet," due to his distaste for standard poetic pomp and function; after recitations he would exclaim "Me retracto de todo lo dicho" ("I take back everything I said"). LifeParra, the son of a schoolteacher, was born in 1914 in San Fabián de Alico, near Chillán, in Chile.[1] He came from the artistically prolific Parra family of performers, musicians, artists, and writers. His sister, Violeta Parra, was a folk singer, as was his brother Roberto Parra Sandoval. In 1933, he entered the Instituto Pedagógico of the University of Chile, where he qualified as a teacher of mathematics and physics in 1938, one year after the publication of his first book, Cancionero sin Nombre. After teaching in Chilean secondary schools, in 1943 he enrolled in Brown University in the United States to study physics. In 1948, he attended Oxford University to study cosmology.[2] He returned to Chile as a professor at the Universidad de Chile in 1946. From 1952, Parra was a professor of theoretical physics in Santiago and read his poetry in England, France, Russia, Mexico, Cuba, and the United States. He published dozens of books. Parra chose to leave behind the conventions of poetry; his poetic language renounced the refinement of most Latin American literature and adopted a more colloquial tone. His first collection, Poemas y Antipoemas (1954) is a classic of Latin American literature, one of the most influential Spanish poetry collections of the twentieth century. It is cited as an inspiration by American Beat writers such as Allen Ginsberg.[3][4] A fictionalized version of Parra appeared in Alejandro Jodorowsky's autobiographical film Endless Poetry (2016). DeathParra died on 23 January 2018, at 7:00 am, in La Reina in Santiago de Chile, at the age of 103.[5] Awards{{rquote|right|As far I know, only the Mexican poet Mario Santiago has made a lucid reading of his work. We others have only seen a dark meteorite.|Roberto Bolaño about Nicanor Parra in Entre paréntesis}}Parra was proposed on four occasions for the Nobel Prize in Literature.[6] On 1 December 2011, Parra won the Spanish Ministry of Culture's Cervantes Prize, the most important literary prize in the Spanish-speaking world.[7][8] On 7 June 2012, he won the Pablo Neruda Ibero-American Poetry Award.[9] List of works
References{{portal|Poetry}}1. ^{{cite web|title=Nicanor Parra un antipoeta, matemático y físico|url=http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/notas/812957.html|work=EL UNIVERSAL|publisher=EL UNIVERSAL, Compañía Periodística Nacional|accessdate=21 June 2012|language=Spanish|date=1 December 2011}} 2. ^Los desconocidos años de Nicanor en Oxford, Qué Pasa (in Spanish), 5 August 2009 3. ^{{cite news| url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/arts/story/2011/12/01/cervantes-prize-nicanor-parra.html | work=CBC News | title=Chilean poet Nicanor Parra wins Cervantes Prize | date=1 December 2011}} 4. ^{{cite web|title=Nicanor Parra Havana 1965|url=http://www.allenginsberg.org/index.php?page=nicanor-para-havana-1965|work=Allen Ginsberg Project|publisher=Allen Ginsberg Project|accessdate=21 June 2012}} 5. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/obituaries/nicanor-parra-chiles-eminent-poet-and-anti-poet-dies-at-103/2018/01/23/debce2aa-0042-11e8-9d31-d72cf78dbeee_story.html|title=Nicanor Parra, Chile’s eminent poet and ‘anti-poet,’ dies at 103|last=Otis|first=John|date=23 January 2018|work=Washington Post|access-date=23 January 2018|language=en-US|issn=0190-8286}} 6. ^{{Cite web|url = http://www.emol.com/noticias/magazine/2012/01/05/520300/bachelet-postula-a-nicanor-parra-al-nobel.html|title = Nicanor Parra va nuevamente tras el Nobel, respaldado por Bachelet|date = 5 January 2012|accessdate = 7 September 2014|website = |publisher = Emol.com|last = |first = }} 7. ^{{cite news| url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-15986344| title=Nicanor Parra awarded Cervantes Prize| work=BBC News| date=1 December 2011}} 8. ^{{cite news|last=Rodriguez M.|first=Javier|title=El poeta chileno Nicanor Parra, premio Cervantes|url=http://www.elpais.com/articulo/cultura/poeta/chileno/Nicanor/Parra/premio/Cervantes/elpepucul/20111130elpepucul_10/Tes|accessdate=1 December 2011|newspaper=El Pais|date=1 December 2011}} 9. ^{{cite web|title=Nicanor Parra gana Premio de Poesía Pablo Neruda|url=http://www.latercera.com/noticia/cultura/2012/06/1453-465137-9-nicanor-parra-gana-premio-de-poesia-pablo-neruda.shtml|work=Cultura Latercera|publisher=Latercera|accessdate=21 June 2012|language=Spanish|date=6 July 2012}} External links{{commons category|Nicanor Parra}}
16 : 1914 births|2018 deaths|Chilean male poets|Chilean physicists|People from Chillán|Parra family|National Prize for Literature (Chile) winners|Premio Cervantes winners|University of Chile alumni|Brown University alumni|Alumni of St Catherine's College, Oxford|University of Chile faculty|Guggenheim Fellows|Chilean centenarians|20th-century Chilean poets|20th-century male writers |
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