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词条 Zanele Muholi
释义

  1. Biography

  2. Photography

      Visual Sexuality: Only Half the Picture (2004)    Faces and Phases (2006–ongoing)    Innovative Women (2009)    Trans(figures) (2010–2011)    Isibonelo/Evidence (2015)    Somnyama Ngonyama ("Hail the Dark Lioness") (2012–present)  

  3. Activism

      Inkanyiso (2009)  

  4. Documentaries

  5. Attacks and robberies

  6. Books

  7. Exhibitions

     Solo exhibitions  Group exhibitions  Curated exhibitions 

  8. Awards

  9. Collections

  10. References

  11. External links

{{Infobox artist
| name = Zanele Muholi
| image = Zanele Muholi. Festival «Side by Side».JPG
| image_size =
| alt =
| caption = Muholi at the 2011 International Gay and Lesbian Film Festival
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=y|1972|07|19}}
| birth_place = Umlazi, Durban
| death_date =
| death_place =
| nationality = South African
| spouse =
| field = Photography
| training = Market Photo Workshop, MFA in Ryerson University
| movement =
| works =
| patrons =
| influenced by =
| influenced =
| awards = Mbokodo Award (Visual Art) for South African Women in the Arts
| elected =
| website =
}}

Zanele Muholi (born 19 July, 1972) is a South African artist and visual activist working in photography, video, and installation. Muholi's work focuses on race, gender and sexuality with a body of work looking at black lesbian, gay, transgender, and intersex individuals.

Muholi was shortlisted for the Deutsche Börse Photography Prize in 2015. They received an Infinity Award from the International Center of Photography in 2016, a Chevalier de Ordre des Arts et des Lettres in 2016, and an Honorary Fellowship of the Royal Photographic Society in 2018.

Biography

Zanele Muholi was born on 19 July in Umlazi, Durban, and raised there. Their father was Ashwell Tanji Banda Muholi and their mother was Bester Muholi. They are the youngest of five children. Muholi's mother was a domestic worker who had to leave her children to work for a white family during Apartheid in South Africa.[1] Muholi was raised by an extended family.[1]

Muholi completed an Advanced Photography course at the Market Photo Workshop in Newtown, Johannesburg in 2003, and held their first solo exhibition at the Johannesburg Art Gallery in 2004. In 2009 they were awarded their Master of Fine Arts degree in Documentary Media from Ryerson University in Toronto. Their thesis mapped the visual history of black lesbian identity and politics in post-Apartheid South Africa.[2]

Muholi has described themselves as a visual activist as opposed to an artist.[1][3][4] They are dedicated to increasing the visibility of black lesbian, gay, transgender, and intersex people. They researched and documented the stories of hate crimes against the lgbtiq community in order to bring forth the realities of "corrective rape",[5] assault, and HIV/AIDS, to public attention.

On 28 October 2013, they were appointed Honorary Professor – video and photography at the University of the Arts Bremen in Germany.[6]

In 2014, they presented at the Design Indaba Conference in Cape Town.[7]

Muholi was a speaker at WorldPride Madrid Summit 2017. They shared chair with Federico Mayor Zaragoza, Myrna Cunningham and Gopi Shankar Madurai for the Madrid Summit Declaration.[8]

Photography

Muholi's photography has been compared to that of W.E.B. DuBois— as a tool to subvert the typical representations of African Americans. Each photographer creates an archive of photos, working to dismantle dominant, pre-existing perceptions of the subjects they chose to photograph. Through their artistic approach they hope to document the journey of the African queer community as a record for future generations. They try to capture the moment without negativity or focusing on the prevalent violence, portraying the LGBTQI community as individuals and as a whole to encourage unity.[4][9][10][11][12] Thus, their work can be considered documentative, recording the overall community LGBTI of South Africa and their challenges, and at times, more specifically the struggle of black lesbians. Before 1994, black lesbian voices were excluded from the making of a formal queer movement. Muholi's efforts of creating a more positive visualization of LGBTI Africans combats the homophobic-motivated violence that is prevalent in South Africa today, especially in the case of black lesbians. While black women's bodies appear frequently throughout sexualized pop-culture, black lesbians are viewed (through the lens of the patriarchy and heteronormativity) as undesirable. This negative view of homosexuals in Africa lead to violence, such as murder and rape, and rejection from their families. Muholi's Zukiswa (2010), shows an African lesbian woman making eye contact with the viewer, displaying an unwavering gaze of confidence, self-awareness, and determination. This example encourages awareness, acceptance, and positivity with the queer community as well as South Africa.[13]

Although Muholi became known as a photographer who engaged with the then-invisible lives of black lesbians in South Africa, they began to recognize this idea of "gender within gender." In 2003, and their sense of community definitively began to include trans people. Muholi was employed as a photographer and reporter for Behind the Mask,[14] an online magazine on LGBTI issues in Africa.

Muholi first received global attention from the art world in 2012 at Documenta, a world-famous exhibition of modern and contemporary art in (Germany), for a series of portraits of lesbians and transgender participants titled: Faces and Phases.[1] The photos were also exhibited at Stedelijk Museum Amsterdam.[1]

Visual Sexuality: Only Half the Picture (2004)

Muholi launched their visual activism through their first solo exhibition entitled Visual Sexuality: Only Half the Picture, at the Johannesburg Art Gallery in 2004. This exhibition featured photographs of survivors of rape and hate crimes as well as an image of a rape and an assault case number. The artist explicitly captures the images as to not reveal the person's gender. The viewer may only have access to an above the knee, and hip shot with hands over the genital region. In contrast to their later exhibitions, the people in these images remain anonymous. Although homosexuality is technically protected legally under the South African government, many individuals do not exercise their legal rights publicly in fear of violent backlash. There is also a reluctance to report cases of hate crimes since officials will often ridicule the victim and nothing will be accomplished. This is a systematic use of violence and oppression. In Only Half the Picture series, the artist was able to give LGBT people a voice without ousting their anonymity. Their work is mostly about bringing visibility of queers in the black community.

Faces and Phases (2006–ongoing)

in 2006, Muholi began their Faces and Phases project.[15][16] Faces and Phases mocks the "art-in-service-to-science" narrative engrained in colonial images. 18th century botany imagery shows various plants plucked from their natural environment therefore erasing any social or cultural context. This practice emphasizes Western discovery of an object without acknowledging its longstanding existence. According to Susan Kart at Grove Art Online this project "documents victims of sexual assault and hate crimes, the wedding images share moments of victory, acceptance, and joy for LGBTI families".[17] In Faces and Phases, Muholi utilizes this history and compares it to the representation of LGBTI in South Africa. Black queer individuals have increased drastically in national representation but this is still an erasure of important context. These individuals are represented in the same way as the botanical prints. There is increased visibility for Western consumption but no attention is paid to the suffering and systematic oppression these individuals face in post-apartheid South Africa. Muholi challenges this in their series by providing names, dates, locations, and representing the participants within a public sphere. Without captions, the photographs could fall under the normalized gaze of the West.

In June 2014, Muholi was back at their alma mater, showing Faces and Phases[18] at the Ryerson Image Centre as part of WorldPride.[19] In the same month they showed at the Singapore International Arts Festival's O.P.E.N. where they also spoke on legacies of violence.[20]

Innovative Women (2009)

In 2009, the Innovative Women exhibition was shown in South Africa in the cities of Durban and Cape Town. It was curated by painter Bongi Bhengu and features their work as well as 9 other artists including Muholi and photographer Nandipha Mntambo.[21] In August 2009, the Minister of Arts and Culture Lulu Xingwana walked out of the exhibition due to Muholi's photography, calling it immoral, offensive and going against nation-building.[21] In their response Muholi said "It's paralysing. I expected people to think before they act, and to ask questions. I wanted to create dialogue."[22]

Trans(figures) (2010–2011)

Their Trans(figures) (2010–2011) project embraces lesbian and trans life. The portraits are taken in urban and rural settings in South Africa and internationally.[23][24]

Isibonelo/Evidence (2015)

In 2015, Muholi presented Isibonelo/Evidence in a solo show at the Brooklyn Museum. The show included eighty-seven works.[25]

Somnyama Ngonyama ("Hail the Dark Lioness") (2012–present)

In 2012 Muholi created a self-portrait.[3] In 2014 Muholi began working on 365 self portraits for the series Somnyama Ngonyama.[26][27][28] The portraits are alter egos, often with a Zulu name.[1]

This series had a debut exhibition at Yancey Richardson Gallery in New York in 2015.[29] It was shown in London in 2017[3] and in Times Square in New York City as digital billboards during the city's autumn 2017 Performa Biennial festival.[1] Previews in Muholi's New York gallery were sold out.[1] The photos were published in a 2018 book published by Aperture.[1]

Activism

In 2002, Muholi co-founded the Forum for the Empowerment of Women (FEW), a black lesbian organization dedicated to providing a safe space for women to meet and organize.[3]

Inkanyiso (2009)

In 2009, Muholi founded Inkanyiso,[30] a non-profit organisation concerned with queer visual activism.[3] It is involved with visual arts and media advocacy for and on behalf of the LGBTI community. The organization's vision statement is "Produce. Educate. Disseminate."

Documentaries

In 2010, Muholi co-directed their documentary Difficult Love,[31] which was commissioned by SABC.[32] It has shown in South Africa, USA, Spain, Sweden, UK, Amsterdam, Paris (Festival Cinefable) and Italy. In 2013, Muholi co-directed a documentary called We Live in Fear, released by Human Rights Watch.[33]

Attacks and robberies

On 20 April 2012, Muholi's flat in Vredehoek was robbed, with over twenty primary and back-up external hard drives containing five years' worth of photos and video being stolen with their laptop. Photos contained therein include records of the funerals of Black South African lesbians murdered in hate crimes. Nothing else was stolen, raising suspicions that Muholi's recordings of Black lesbian life was targeted. Muholi was overseas at the time of the robbery.[34][35] This effectively erased the previous five years of Muholi's work. A few weeks later they said, "I'm still traumatized by the burglary" and, "It's hard to fall asleep in this place, which is now a crime scene, as I dealt with many crime scenes before."[36]

In July 2017, a collaborator of Muholi's, Sibahle Nkumbi, was pushed down a staircase in Amsterdam by their Airbnb host while visiting the Netherlands to cover the opening of Muholi's exhibition at the Stedelijk Museum.[37] Nkumbi was hospitalised, sustaining a concussion and substantial bruising. Video footage of the confrontation subsequently went viral, and the host was charged with attempted manslaughter.[38]

Books

  • Zanele Muholi: Only Half The Picture. Cape Town: Michael Stevenson, 2006. {{ISBN|0-620361468}}.
  • Faces and Phases. Munich; Berlin; London; New York: Prestel, 2010. {{ISBN|978-3-7913-4495-9}}.
  • Zanele Muholi. African Women Photographers #1. Granada, Spain: Casa África/La Fábrica, 2011. {{ISBN|978-8-4150-3466-7}}.
  • Faces + Phases 2006–14. Göttingen, Germany: Steidl, 2014. {{ISBN|978-3-86930-807-4}} .
  • Somnyama Ngonyama, Hail the Dark Lioness. Renée Mussai (author), Zanele Muholi (photographer), et al., New York: Aperture, 2018, {{ISBN|978-1597114240}}

Exhibitions

Solo exhibitions

  • 2004: Visual Sexuality, as part of Urban Life (Market Photo Workshop exhibition), Johannesburg Art Gallery
  • 2006: Vienna Kunsthalle project space, Vienna: Slide Show
  • 2014: Faces and Phases, Massimadi Afrocaribbean LGBT international film festival, Montréal, Canada
  • 2015: Zanele Muholi: Vukani/Rise, Open Eye Gallery, Liverpool, UK[39]
  • 2015: Somnyama Ngonyama, Yancey Richardson, New York City[29]
  • 2017: Zanele Muholi: Somnyama Ngonyama, Hail the Dark Lioness, Autograph ABP, London[3][40]
  • 2017: Zanele Muholi Homecoming: Durban Art Gallery
  • 2018: Zanele Muholi: Somnyama Ngonyama, Hail the Dark Lioness Spelman College Museum of Art, Atlanta, GA

Group exhibitions

  • 2011: Figures & Fictions: Contemporary South African Photography, Victoria and Albert Museum, London.[41]
  • 2016: Systematically Personae at the FotoFocus Biennal, National Underground Railroad Freedom Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
  • 2017: Art/Afrique, Louis Vuitton Foundation, Paris.[42]

Curated exhibitions

  • 2016: Co-curated a show at Rencontres d'Arles photography festival, Arles, France.[43]

Awards

{{BLP sources section|date=March 2017}}
  • 2005: Tollman Award for the Visual Arts[44]
  • 2006: BHP Billiton/Wits University Visual Arts Fellowship[45]
  • 2009: Thami Mnyele Residency in Amsterdam
  • 2009: Ida Ely Rubin Artist-in-Residence at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA
  • 2009: Fondation Blachère award at African Photography Encounters (Rencontres Africaines de la Photographie, Biennale Africaine de la photographie) in Bamako, Mali
  • 2009: Fanny Ann Eddy accolade from IRN-Africa for her outstanding contributions to the study of sexuality in Africa[46]
  • 2012: Civitella Ranieri Fellowship by the Civitella Ranieri Foundation, Italy[47]
  • 2013: Freedom of Expression award by Index on Censorship[48]
  • 2013: Glamour Magazine named her Campaigner of the Year[49]
  • 2013: Winner of the Fine Prize[50] for the 2013 Carnegie International
  • 2013: Prince Claus Award.[51]
  • 2013: Feather Award (South Africa's LGBTI Awards)[52]
  • 2015: Shortlisted for the Deutsche Börse Photography Prize for Faces and Phases 2006–2014[53][54]
  • 2015: Light Work Artist-in-Residence Program, Syracuse, NY[55]
  • 2016: Infinity Award for Documentary and Photojournalism from the International Center of Photography, New York City.[56]
  • 2016: Africa'S Out! Courage and Creativity Award
  • 2016: Outstanding International Alumni Award from Ryerson University[46]
  • 2017: Mbokodo Award (Visual Art) for South African Women in the Arts[57]
  • 2017: Chevalier de Ordre des Arts et des Lettres (Knighthood of the Order Arts and Letters)[58]
  • 2018: Honorary Fellowship of the Royal Photographic Society, Bath[59]

Collections

Muholi's work is held in the following public collections:

  • Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York: 3 prints (as of October 2018}[60]
  • Museum of Modern Art, New York: 6 prints (as of March 2019)[61]
  • Williams College Museum of Art, Williamstown, MA. (1 featured print as of March 2019).[62]
  • North Carolina Museum of Art. Raleigh, NC.[63]
  • Nasher Museum of Art, Durham, NC: 2 prints (as of March 2019)[64]
  • Cincinnati Art Museum. Cincinnati, OH.[65]
  • High Museum of Art. Atlanta, GA

References

1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 {{Cite news|url=https://www.1843magazine.com/culture/zanele-muholi-dark-lioness|title=Zanele Muholi: dark lioness|date=24 April 2018|work=1843|access-date=22 May 2018}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://zanelemuholi.com/ZM%20moh_final_230609.pdf|title=Account Suspended|work=zanelemuholi.com}}
3. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2017/jul/14/zanele-muholi-365-protest-photographs|title='Photography saved my life' – the year-long exposure of visual activist Zanele Muholi|date=14 July 2017|website=The Guardian|access-date=22 May 2018}}
4. ^1 Raél Jero Salley. African Arts. Los Angeles: Winter 2012. Vol. 45, Iss. 4; pg. 58, 12 pgs
5. ^{{cite web|url=http://ipsnews.net/africa/nota.asp?idnews%3D48279|title=Archived copy|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100430124737/http://www.ipsnews.net/africa/nota.asp?idnews=48279|archivedate=30 April 2010|deadurl=yes|accessdate=3 July 2010}}
6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.hfk-bremen.de/en|title=HFK Bremen|work=hfk-bremen.de}}
7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.designindaba.com/events/design-indaba-conference-2014|title=Design Indaba Conference 2014|work=Design Indaba}}
8. ^{{cite website|url=http://www.worldpridemadrid2017.com/en/summit/schedule/wednesday28/406-future-aims-to-foster-a-unified-global-lgbtiq-movement|location=Spain|work=WorldPride|title=Closing: Future Achievements and Needs to Build a Strong LGBTQIA+ Movement Around the World|accessdate=1 July 2017}}
9. ^Muholi, Zanele. "Faces and phases." Transition: An International Review 107 (2011): 112+. Literature Resource Center. Web. 14 May 2015.
10. ^Natasha Bissonauth (2014), "Zanele Muholi's Affective Appeal to Act". Photography and Culture 7:3, pp. 239–251.
11. ^van der Vlies, Andrew. "Queer Knowledge And The Politics Of The Gaze In Contemporary South African Photography: Zanele Muholi And Others." Journal of African Cultural Studies 24.2 (2012): 140–156. Academic Search Complete. Web. 14 May 2015.
12. ^Makhubu, Nomusa M. "Violence and the cultural logics of pain: representations of sexuality in the work of Nicholas Hlobo and Zanele Muholi." Critical Arts 26.4 (2012): 504+. Literature Resource Center. Web. 14 May 2015.
13. ^{{Cite journal|last=Salley|first=Raél Jero|title=Zanele muholi's elements of survival|jstor=41721405|journal=African Arts |volume=45|issue=4|pages=58–69}}
14. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.mask.org.za |title=Archived copy |accessdate=3 July 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100730223926/http://www.mask.org.za/ |archivedate=30 July 2010 }}
15. ^{{Cite news|url=https://aperture.org/blog/magazine-zanele-muholis-faces-%C2%9D-phases/|title=Zanele Muholi's Faces & Phases |work=Aperture Foundation NY|access-date=2 April 2018}}
16. ^{{Cite web|url=https://artreview.com/features/ar_summer_2017_feature_zanele_muholi/|title=AR Summer 2017 Feature Zanele Muholi / Features / ArtReview|last=name|first=Site|website=ArtReview|access-date=2 April 2018}}
17. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.oxfordartonline.com/view/10.1093/gao/9781884446054.001.0001/oao-9781884446054-e-7002290034|title=Muholi, Zanele {{!}} Grove Art|website=www.oxfordartonline.com|language=en|doi=10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.t2290034|access-date=2019-03-14}}
18. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ryerson.ca/ric/exhibitions/ZaneleMuholi.html|title=Zanele Muholi – RIC – Exhibitions – Ryerson University|work=ryerson.ca}}
19. ^{{cite web|url=http://worldpridetoronto.com/|title=Pride Toronto|work=Pride Toronto}}
20. ^{{cite web|url=http://theopen.sifa.sg/legacies-of-violence.html|title=Archived copy|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140810000244/http://theopen.sifa.sg/legacies-of-violence.html|archivedate=10 August 2014|deadurl=yes|accessdate=6 August 2014}}
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27. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.vogue.com/article/zanele-muholi-performa-yancey-richardson|title=With Zanele Muholi, the South African LGBTQ Community Is (Literally) Taking Center Stage|work=Vogue|access-date=2 April 2018}}
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29. ^1 {{cite news|accessdate=1 October 2018|title=The Fever-Dream Urgency of Zanele Muholi's Self-Portraits in "Somnyama Ngonyama"|url=https://www.newyorker.com/culture/photo-booth/the-fever-dream-urgency-of-zanele-muholis-self-portraits-in-somnyama-ngonyama|newspaper=The New Yorker}}
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37. ^{{Cite news|url=https://hyperallergic.com/390080/zanele-muholi-sibahle-nkumbi-airbnb-attack-video|title=Amsterdam Airbnb Host Shoves South African Filmmaker Down Staircase|date=12 July 2017|work=Hyperallergic|access-date=26 October 2018}}
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40. ^{{cite web|accessdate=1 October 2018|title=Zanele Muholi's Somnyama Ngonyama – Hail the Dark Lioness|url=http://www.bjp-online.com/2018/04/show-zanele-muholis-somnyama-ngonyama-hail-the-dark-lioness/|website=British Journal of Photography}}
41. ^{{cite news | first = Mark |last = Gevisser |authorlink = Mark Gevisser | url = https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2011/apr/23/figures-and-fictions-mark-gevisser |title = Figures & Fictions at the V&A | date = 23 April 2011 |accessdate = 28 February 2017 |work=The Guardian | location = London}}
42. ^{{cite web|accessdate=1 October 2018|title=Fondation Louis Vuitton expos Art/ Afrique, le nouvel atelier|url=http://www.fondationlouisvuitton.fr/expositions/art_afrique_le_nouvel_atelier.html%3C|website=Fondation Louis Vuitton}}
43. ^"Arles 2016: 'SYSTEMATICALLY OPEN?'? Curator Zanele Muholi", L'Oeil de la Photographie, 11 July 2016.
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50. ^"Carnegie and Fine Prizes Announced | Jury awards artists Nicole Eisenman and Zanele Muholi with Carnegie Prize and Fine Prize", 2013 Carnegie International.
51. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.princeclausfund.org/en/activities/opening-of-fo-u-nd-zanele-muholi-in-conversation-with-boris-dittrich.html|title=Prince Claus Fund – Activities|work=princeclausfund.org}}
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53. ^{{cite web | url = http://thephotographersgallery.org.uk/dbpp15 | accessdate = 1 March 2017 | publisher = The Photographers' Gallery | title = DBPP 2015}}
54. ^{{cite news | url = https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/photography/11269012/deutsche-borse-photography-prize-2015-shortlist.html | date = 3 December 2014 | accessdate = 1 March 2017 | newspaper = The Daily Telegraph | title = Deutsche Börse Photography Prize shortlist 2015}}
55. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.lightwork.org/air/page/2/|title=Artist-in-Residence Program|website=Light Work|access-date=2 April 2018}}
56. ^[https://www.icp.org/infinity-awards/zanele-muholi "2016 Infinity Award: Documentary and Photojournalism — Zanele Muholi"], International Center of Photography.
57. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.mbokodoawards.co.za/winners.html|title=Winners|website=mbokodoawards.co.za|access-date=2 April 2018}}
58. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.za/2017/11/21/france-knights-zanele-muholi_a_23283906/|title=France Knights Zanele Muholi|date=21 November 2017|work=HuffPost South Africa|access-date=2 April 2018}}
59. ^{{cite web|accessdate=10 December 2018|title=The Royal Photographic Society Awards 2018|url=http://www.rps.org/news/2018/november/the-royal-photographic-society-awards-2018|website=rps.org}}
60. ^{{cite web|accessdate=1 October 2018|title=Zanele Muholi|url=https://www.guggenheim.org/artwork/artist/zanele-muholi|website=guggenheim.org}}
61. ^{{cite web|accessdate=2019-03-03|title=Zanele Muholi|url=https://www.moma.org/artists/42455|website=Museum of Modern Art}}
62. ^{{Cite web|url=https://wcma.williams.edu/collection/featured-acquisitions/zanele-muholi/|title=Zanele Muholi|website=Williams College Museum of Art|access-date=2019-03-04}}
63. ^{{Cite web|url=https://ncartmuseum.org/art/detail/bongiwe_twana_kunene_kwanele_south_katlehong_johannesburg|title=Bongiwe “Twana” Kunene, Kwanele South, Katlehong, Johannesburg (2016.3.1)|last=|first=|date=|website=ncartmuseum.org|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2019-03-04}}
64. ^{{Cite web|url=https://nasher.duke.edu/artists/3290/|title=Zanele Muholi|website=Nasher Museum of Art at Duke University|language=en-US|access-date=2019-03-04}}
65. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.cincinnatiartmuseum.org/art/explore-the-collection?id=20869576|title=Refiloe Pitso, Daveyton, Johannesburg (2017.70)|last=|first=|date=|website=Cincinnati Art Museum|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2019-03-04}}

External links

  • [https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/gallery/2017/jul/14/zanele-muholimy-somnyama-ngonyama-hail-the-dark-lioness-in-pictures "My year as a dark lioness – in pictures " – a gallery of photographs in The Guardian]
  • [https://www.moma.org/artists/42455 Zanele Muholi in The Museum of Modern Art]
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2019}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Muholi, Zanele}}

8 : South African photographers|LGBT artists from South Africa|Lesbian artists|Living people|1972 births|Artists from Durban|Ryerson University alumni|Women photographers
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