| 词条 | Nicholas Lyell |
| 释义 |
|honorific-prefix = The Right Honourable |name = The Lord Lyell of Markyate |honorific-suffix = PC QC |image = Lord Lyell of Markyate BBC.jpg |office = Shadow Attorney General |leader = John Major |term_start = 2 May 1997 |term_end = 19 June 1997 |predecessor = The Lord Morris of Aberavon |successor = Edward Garnier |office1 = Attorney General for England and Wales Attorney General for Northern Ireland |primeminister1 = John Major |term_start1 = 10 April 1992 |term_end1 = 2 May 1997 |predecessor1 = Patrick Mayhew |successor1 = John Morris |office2 = Solicitor General for England and Wales |primeminister2 = Margaret Thatcher John Major |term_start2 = 13 June 1987 |term_end2 = 10 April 1992 |predecessor2 = Patrick Mayhew |successor2 = Derek Spencer |constituency_MP3 = North East Bedfordshire |term_start3 = 1 May 1997 |term_end3 = 7 June 2001 |predecessor3 = Constituency established |successor3 = Alistair Burt |constituency_MP4 = Mid Bedfordshire |term_start4 = 9 June 1983 |term_end4 = 1 May 1997 |predecessor4 = Stephen Hastings |successor4 = Jonathan Sayeed |constituency_MP5 = Hemel Hempstead |term_start5 = 3 May 1979 |term_end5 = 9 June 1983 |predecessor5 = Robin Corbett |successor5 = Constituency abolished |birth_date = {{birth date|1938|12|6|df=y}} |birth_place = London, United Kingdom |death_date = {{death date and age|2010|8|30|1938|12|6|df=y}} |death_place = Berkhamsted, United Kingdom |party = Conservative |alma_mater = Christ Church, Oxford }}Nicholas Walter Lyell, Baron Lyell of Markyate, PC, QC (6 December 1938 – 30 August 2010) was an English Conservative politician, known for much of his active political career as Sir Nicholas Lyell. Early lifeBorn in London, he was the son of High Court judge Sir Maurice Lyell, and sculptor/designer Veronica Luard, the daughter of Lowes Luard, a contemporary of Augustus John and Walter Sickert. His mother died when he was 11, leaving Lyell and his sister Prue to continue their mother's work to preserve the work of their grandfather.[1] Educated at Wellesley House School in the coastal town of Broadstairs in Kent and at Stowe School, he was his father's best man when he married the also widowed Kitty, Lady Farrar, younger daughter of Walter Runciman, 1st Viscount Runciman of Doxford.[1] Lyell read modern history at Christ Church, Oxford, where he joined the Bullingdon club, and after National Service with the Royal Artillery trained as a Lawyer.[3] Legal careerLyell trained with the firm associated with his stepmother's family, Walter Runciman and Co, and was called to the bar at Inner Temple in 1965. He served his pupillage with Gordon Slynn, and after being part of the team that debated a case over the world's first onion-peeling machine, specialised in commercial and public law.[1] Political careerAfter unsuccessfully contesting Lambeth Central in October 1974, Lyell was elected Member of Parliament for Hemel Hempstead winning the seat from Labour in 1979, then Mid Bedfordshire from 1983, and moved to North East Bedfordshire at the 1997 election, having been defeated for the nomination by former MP Jonathan Sayeed in the Mid Bedfordshire constituency. Lyell was one of very few lawyers to have combined a successful career in Parliament and a major private practice. He was also the longest continuously serving law officer for more than 100 years. After 20 years at the Bar he was appointed Solicitor-General from 1987 to 1992 under Margaret Thatcher, during which time he appeared in the Factortame case,[1] and Attorney General for England and Wales and Northern Ireland under John Major from 1992 to 1997. He was knighted in 1987.[2] He stood down as an MP at the 2001 election.[3] Commenting on Lyell's retirement as an MP, Conservative Party chairman Michael Ancram said: {{cquote|Nick Lyell served his country and his party extremely well as attorney general and in a number of other senior roles in the last Conservative Government and he has been a tireless servant of his constituents during his 21 years in Parliament. His presence will be missed by all at Westminster. I am extremely grateful for all the years of service Nick has put in for the Conservative Party and I wish him well in his retirement.}}Matrix Churchill affair{{main|Arms-to-Iraq}}Lyell was at the centre of the Matrix Churchill affair, the controversy to sell arms to Saddam Hussein's Iraq. In 1996, the Scott Report directly criticised Lyell as Attorney General for trying to obtain a "gagging order" to prevent the disclosure of secret documents concerning machine tool and material supply to Baghdad. Prime Minister John Major chose to stand by Lyell.[3] PeerageOn 13 May 2005, it was announced that he would be created a life peer,[4] and on 27 June 2005 he was created Baron Lyell of Markyate, of Markyate in the County of Hertfordshire.[5][6] Other interestsLyell was a former chairman of the board of Governors of Stowe School, standing down from the role at the end of the 2006–7 academic year. Always interested in the countryside and culture, he was from 2005 Chairman of the Federation of British Artists at the Mall Galleries in London. Lyell was an underwriting 'Name' at the Lloyd's of London insurance market. He joined in 1974 but suffered enormous losses in the bad years 1989 – 1992 as a result of the Piper Alpha oil rig disaster in 1988 and the tsunami of claims from asbestos-related personal injury. His losses have variously been estimated to be between £622,591 and £2,000,000; he underwrote on numerous syndicates. Personal lifeMarried to Susanna, the couple had with two sons and two daughters. Lyell died in the Hospice of St Francis in Berkhamsted, Herts after a 12-year battle with cancer on 30 August 2010.[7][8][9] References1. ^eur-lex: official version of 2nd ECJ decision in re Factortame 2. ^{{London Gazette |issue=51019 |date=4 August 1987 |page=9885}} 3. ^{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/690030.stm|title=Tory MP to step down|date=24 March 2000|work=BBC News|publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation|accessdate=1 November 2008}} 4. ^{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/4544507.stm|title=Full list of new life peers|date=13 May 2005|work=BBC News|publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation|accessdate=1 November 2008}} 5. ^{{London Gazette |issue=57689 |date=30 June 2005 |page=8499}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200506/ldjournal/239/026.htm|title=House of Lords Journal 239 (Session 2005–06)|date=4 July 2005|publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom|pages=124|accessdate=1 November 2008}} 7. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2010/aug/30/lord-lyell-of-markyate-obituary|title=Lord Lyell of Markyate obituary|author=Peter Bottomley|publisher=The Guardian|date=30 August 2010|accessdate=30 August 2010}} 8. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1307545/Former-law-chief-Lord-Lyell-dies-cancer-71.html?ito=feeds-newsxml#ixzz0y8eSUt9L|title=Former law chief Lord Lyell dies of cancer at 71|publisher=Daily Mail|date=30 August 2010|accessdate=30 August 2010}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-11133278|title=Former Attorney General Lord Lyell dies aged 71|publisher=BBC New|date=30 August 2010|accessdate=30 August 2010}} External links
for Hemel Hempstead|years=1979–1983}}{{s-non|reason=Constituency abolished}} |-{{s-bef|before=Stephen Hastings}}{{s-ttl|title=Member of Parliament for Mid Bedfordshire|years=1983–1997}}{{s-aft|after=Jonathan Sayeed}} |-{{s-new|constituency}}{{s-ttl|title=Member of Parliament for North East Bedfordshire|years=1997–2001}}{{s-aft|after=Alistair Burt}} |-{{s-off}}{{s-bef|rows=3|before=Patrick Mayhew}}{{s-ttl|title=Solicitor General for England and Wales|years=1987–1992}}{{s-aft|after=Derek Spencer}} |-{{s-ttl|title=Attorney General for England and Wales|years=1992–1997}}{{s-aft|rows=2|after=John Morris}} |-{{s-ttl|title=Attorney General for Northern Ireland|years=1992–1997}} |-{{s-bef|before=The Lord Morris of Aberavon}}{{s-ttl|title=Shadow Attorney General|years=1997}}{{s-aft|after=Edward Garnier}}{{s-end}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Lyell, Nicholas}} 23 : 1938 births|2010 deaths|Alumni of Christ Church, Oxford|Attorneys General for England and Wales|Attorneys General for Northern Ireland|English Queen's Counsel|Deaths from cancer in England|Conservative Party (UK) life peers|Conservative Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies|English lawyers|Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom|Northern Ireland Government ministers|People educated at Stowe School|People from London|Politics of Dacorum|Queen's Counsel 1901–2000|Solicitors General for England and Wales|UK MPs 1979–83|UK MPs 1983–87|UK MPs 1987–92|UK MPs 1992–97|UK MPs 1997–2001|People from Markyate |
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