| 词条 | Zinovy Gerdt |
| 释义 |
| name = Zinovy Gerdt | honorific_suffix = PAU | image = Zinovy_Gerdt.jpg | birth_name = Zalman Efraimovich Khrapinovich | birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1916|09|21}} | birth_place = {{Flag icon|Russia}} Sebezh, Vitebsk Governorate, Russian Empire[1] | death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1996|11|18|1916|09|21}} | death_place = {{Flag icon|Russia}} Moscow, Russia | occupation = Soviet/Russian theatre and cinema actor}}Zinovy Gerdt ({{lang-ru|Зиновий Гердт}}, which is a pseudonym, his real name being Zalman Efraimovich Khrapinovich (За́лман Афро́имович Храпино́вич); 21 September 1916 in Sebezh, Russian Empire – 18 November 1996) was a Soviet/Russian theatre and cinema actor,[2][3] recognized with the title People's Artist of the USSR.[4] BiographyEarly life and educationGerdt was born Zalman Efroimovich Khrapinovich on September 21, 1916 in the city of Sebezh in the Pskov Oblast. His father Afroim Yakovlevich Khrapinovich worked for some time in a fabrics shop as a clerk, and later as a salesman. Mother Rakhil Isaakovna was a housewife.[2][3] His father died quite early, his mother stayed with four children: two boys and two girls, of which Zinovy was the youngest.[2][3] In Sebezh he lived up to 11 years, studied at a Jewish school (cheder), knew Yiddish. After finishing school, Zinovy moved to his elder brother who lived in Moscow.[2][3] From a young age, Gerdt was fond of reading and writing poetry.[2][3] At 15, Gerdt graduated from a vocational school affiliated with the Valerian Kuybyshev Electrical Plant. He started working for Metrostroy as a metalworker-electrician. As a hobby, he was an actor the factory's Workers' Youth Theatre, also known as TRAM. In 1937 he began acting at the Puppet Theatre of Moscow House of Pioneers.[5] Subsequently, TRAM was transformed into the theatrical studio of Alexei Arbuzov and Valentin Pluchek.[2][3] Since 1937, Gerdt worked in the Puppet Theater at the Moscow House of Pioneers.[2][3] Gerdt volunteered to the front when Second World War began. He was enlisted as a senior lieutenant of a field engineering division and suffered a serious leg wound near Belgorod in February 1943.[6] CareerIn 1945-1982 Gerdt was in the troupe of the Central Puppet Theater under the leadership of Sergei Obraztsov. He voiced many characters, the most famous one was the entertainer from the "Unusual Concert". He performed the role of the entertainer in different countries using the local language and was so convincing that the audiences always believed that the actor knew their language fluently: Gerdt perfectly mastered the art of onomatopoeia.[2][3] In the Central Puppet Theater under the leadership of Sergei Obraztsov, Gerdt was also busy in the plays "Devil's Mill", "Wish upon a Pike", "The Night Before Christmas", "Divine Comedy", etc.[2][3] He also played at the Sovremennik Theatre in the play "The Monument" by Anne Vetemaa staged by Valery Fokin (premiered in 1977).[2][3] Since 1983 he was an actor of the theater named after Yermolova Theatre (performance "Costume").[2][3] Zinovy Gerdt also worked in dubbing many foreign films for Soviet release.[2][3] He had his cinematic debut in 1958 in an episodic role in the film Man from planet earth. Gerdt is known primarily as a master of episodic, mostly comedic roles. In total, to actor's credit are more than 70 films.[2][3] In the 1960s, he appeared in the films Michel and Mishutka (1961), Returned Music (1964), Want-Believe, Do not Want ... (1964), The Year As Life (1965), Green Light (1965), City of Masters (1965), Avdotya Pavlovna (1966), July Rain (1966), At the Thirteenth Hour of the Night (1968), Zigzag of Success (1969) and others.[2][3] Recognition of the public came to the actor after the first major roles - Kukushkin in the film Magician (1967, directed by Pyotr Todorovsky) and Panikovsky in the film adaptation of Ilya Ilf and Yevgeny Petrov's novel The Golden Calf (1968, directed by Mikhail Schweitzer).[2][3] In the 1970s, new films appeared with the participation of Gerdt: Taymyr Calls You (1970), Urban romance (1970), As Ilf and Petrov rode a tram (1971), Stoves of the shop (1972), Carnival (1972), The Car, the Violin and the Dog Spot (1974), The Straw Hat (1974), The Key without the Right to Transfer (1976), The Draw (1976), Walking through the Flours (1974) ), The Twelve Chairs (1977), The Life of Beethoven (1978), Three Men in a Boat (1979), The Meeting Place Cannot Be Changed (1979).[2][3] In the 1980s and 1990s, the actor continued to act actively in films: Adam marries Eve (1980), Say a Word for the Poor Hussar (1980), Fairy tales... fairy tales... fairy tales of the old Arbat (1982), I'll wait for you (1982), Boys (1983), Military field novel (1983), Mary Poppins, Goodbye (1989), The Bindly and the King (1989), Intergirl (1989), The Inferno and the King (1989), Childhood Themes (1991), Lost in Siberia (1990), I am Ivan, you are Abram (1993), Life and Extraordinary Adventures of Private Ivan Chonkin (1994), Simple-minded (1994), Inspector (1996) and others.[2][3] Zinovy Gerdt also worked on television. He was the first host of one of the most popular Soviet television programs Kinopanorama, the first season of which was aired in 1962.[2][3] In the 1990s, he conducted the popular author's program Tea Club.[2][3] Gerdt performed as a screenwriter of the musical I Will Not Be Any More (1975).[2][3] Zinovy Gerdt died in Moscow on November 18, 1996. He was buried at the Kuntsevo Cemetery in Moscow.[2][3] Personal lifeZinovia Gerdt's first wife was Maria Ivanovna Novikova, whom he met at the theater studio. She gave him Vsevolod's son, born in 1945. With his second wife, Tatyana Pravdina, Zinovy Efimovich met in the Middle East in 1960 during a theatrical tour. She was an interpreter from Arabic, who was assigned to help the theater. At first, Tatiana negatively perceived Zinoviy's courtship, but then a romance ensued between them. Immediately after returning from the tour, they left their families and decided to get married. Their marriage lasted 36 years. From her first marriage, Tatyana Pravdina had a daughter - Ekaterina. Gerdt adopted her by giving her his name.[2][3] LegacyIn Kiev, at the intersection of Proreznaya and Khreshchatyk streets, in 1998 a monument to Panikovsky (the character of the novel "The Golden Calf") was erected, the prototype of the monument was Zinoviy Gerdt, who played the role of Panikovsky in the adaptation of the novel.[2][3] Zinovy Gerdt is an honorary citizen of Sebezh.[2][3] In 2004, in the park of Sebezh, where the artist's parents' home was located, a foundation stone was installed at the site of the future monument, where local poets and artists hold creative meetings.[2][3] A monument in Sebezh by sculptor Oleg Ershov in honor of Zinovy Gerdt was revealed to the public in 2011.[7] In 2001, the first edition of the book "Zyama - it's Gerdt!" was published, in which Gerdt is remembered by Eldar Ryazanov, Eduard Uspensky, Pyotr Todorovsky, Arkady Arkanov, Grigory Gorin, Viktor Shenderovich and others. The authors of the book are Tatyana Pravdina and Yakov Groisman.[2][3] In 2010, the publishing house Zebra E, AST published the book "Knight of Conscience" by Zinoviy Gerdt. Pravdina,[8] condemned the book as a composition of unduly attributed and inaccurate texts.[9] Honours and awards
Filmography
References1. ^Мне повезло… я из Себежа! 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 {{Cite web|url=https://ria.ru/spravka/20110921/440006178.html|work=RIA Novosti|title=Зиновий Ефимович Гердт. Биографическая справка}} 3. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 {{Cite web|url=https://uznayvse.ru/znamenitosti/biografiya-zinoviy-gerdt.html|work=uznayvse|title=Зиновий Гердт, биография, новости, фото - узнай все!}} 4. ^Указ Президента СССР от 9 июля 1990 года № 353 «О присвоении почётного звания „Народный артист СССР" тов. Гердту З. Е.». 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://izvestia.ru/news/317400|title=Интервью с Т. А. Правдиной|work=Izvestia}} 6. ^Матвей Гейзер «Зиновий Гердт» (ЖЗЛ) 7. ^{{Cite web|url=https://ria.ru/culture/20110921/441677958.html|work=RIA Novosti|title=Памятник Гердту - "штучному" человеку - открыт в Себеже}} 8. ^Зиновий Гердт, rusactors.ru; accessed 14 December 2015. {{ru icon}} 9. ^{{cite news|script-title=ru:Чистое имя; выгодный товар - Культура - Новая Газета|url=http://www.novayagazeta.ru/arts/49190.html|newspaper=Novaya Gazeta|location=Moscow|date=28 October 2011|page=17|language=Russian|trans-title=Wholesome name is a profitable good|accessdate=30 October 2011}} 10. ^(см. поиск по фамилии — Храпинович Залман Афроимович) External links
14 : 1916 births|1996 deaths|People from Sebezh|People from Vitebsk Governorate|Russian Jews|Russian male actors|Soviet male actors|Soviet military personnel of World War II|Recipients of the Order "For Merit to the Fatherland", 3rd class|People's Artists of the USSR|Honored Artists of the RSFSR|People's Artists of Russia|Soviet Jews|Burials at Kuntsevo Cemetery |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。