| 词条 | Nicole Brown Simpson |
| 释义 |
|name = Nicole Brown Simpson |image = Nicole brown simpson.jpg |caption = Brown in 1993 |birth_name = Nicole Brown |birth_date = {{birth date|1959|5|19}} |birth_place = Frankfurt, West Germany |death_date = {{death date and age|1994|06|12|1959|05|19}} |death_place = Brentwood, Los Angeles, California, U.S. |death_cause = Murder by stabbing and slashing[1] |resting_place = Ascension Cemetery, Lake Forest, California, US |resting_place_coordinates= {{coord|33.6512|-117.6935}} |nationality = {{hlist | German | American}} |spouse = {{marriage|O. J. Simpson|1985|1992|reason=divorced}} |children = 2 }} Nicole Brown Simpson (May 19, 1959 – June 12, 1994) was the German-American wife of retired professional football player and actor O. J. Simpson and the mother of their two children, Sydney and Justin. She was found murdered at her home in Los Angeles, California, on June 13, 1994, along with her friend, 25-year-old restaurant waiter Ron Goldman. O.J. Simpson was charged with both murders; after a controversial and highly publicized criminal trial, Simpson was found not guilty of all charges, but found liable for both deaths in a civil suit in 1997 and ordered to pay $33.5 million in punitive damages to the Brown and Goldman families. Early lifeBrown was born on May 19, 1959, in Frankfurt, West Germany,{{sfn|Schmalleger|1996|p=2}}[2] to Juditha Anne "Judy" Brown (née Baur, {{circa|1931}}) and Louis Hezekiel "Lou" Brown (1923–2014).[3][4] Her mother was German and her father was American.[2]{{sfn|Weller|1995|pp=76–77}} She attended Rancho Alamitos High School in Garden Grove, California, and later Dana Hills High School in Dana Point, California, from which she graduated in 1977.{{sfn|Weller|1995|pp=84, 122}} Relationship with O. J. SimpsonBrown met Simpson in 1977,{{sfnm |1a1=Bugliosi |1y=1997 |1p=175 |2a1=Weller |2y=1995 |2pp=6, 123}} when she was eighteen years old and working as a waitress at a Beverly Hills private club called The Daisy.{{sfn|Weller|1995|p=123}}[5][6][7] Although Simpson was still married to his first wife, Marguerite, the two began dating. Simpson and Marguerite divorced in March 1979.{{sfn|Taylor Gibbs|1996|pp=126–128}} Simpson and Brown were married on February 2, 1985,{{sfn|Weller|1995|p=184}} five years after his retirement from professional football.{{sfn|Taylor Gibbs|1996|pp=126–128}}{{sfn|Lange|Vannatter|Moldea|1997|p=115}}[8] The marriage lasted seven years, during which time they had two children, Sydney (b. 1985) and Justin (b. 1988).[9] Simpson was investigated multiple times by police for domestic violence{{citation needed|date=January 2019}} and pleaded no contest to spousal abuse in 1989.{{sfn|Hunt|1999|p=61}}[10] Brown filed for divorce on February 25, 1992, citing irreconcilable differences as the reason.{{sfn|Taylor Gibbs|1996|p=136}} Following the divorce, Simpson and Brown got back together[11] and the abuse continued.{{citation needed|date=January 2019}} Audio released during the murder trial of O. J. Simpson revealed that Brown called 9-1-1 on October 25, 1993, crying and saying that "He [Simpson] is going to beat the shit out of me."[12] After this incident, the relationship would end for a second and final time.[12] Other alleged relationshipsDuring her separation from Simpson, Brown was alleged to have had an affair with Simpson's friend, fellow football player and football analyst Marcus Allen.{{sfn|Simpson|Fenjves|2006}}[13] Allen denied the allegation, although it was backed by multiple members of his and Brown's inner circle, including Simpson,{{sfn|Simpson|Fenjves|2006}} Faye Resnick,[14] confidants to Sheila Weller,[11] and Simpson's defense attorneys, who claimed that Allen confessed the affair to Simpson. Simpson nonetheless let his friend get married at Simpson's North Rockingham Avenue estate.[11][15][16] Death{{main article|O. J. Simpson murder case}}Brown lived at 875 South Bundy Drive, in Brentwood, Los Angeles, California, with her two children.{{sfn|Simpson|Fenjves|2006}}[17][18] Early on the morning of June 13, 1994, Brown, aged 35, was found dead outside her home along with restaurant waiter Ron Goldman, lying in the fetal position in a pool of blood.{{sfn|Bugliosi|1997|p=19}} An autopsy determined that Brown had been stabbed seven times in the neck and scalp, and had a 5.5-inch-long (140 mm) gash across her throat, which had severed both her left and right carotid arteries and breached her right and left jugular veins.{{sfn|Bugliosi|1997|p=19}} The wound on Brown's neck was so severe it had penetrated a depth of {{convert|0.75|in|mm}} into her cervical vertebrae,{{sfn|Bugliosi|1997|p=19}} nearly decapitating her.[12][19] She also had defensive wounds on her hands.{{sfn|Bugliosi|1997|p=19}} Brown's funeral was held on June 16 at the St. Martin of Tours Catholic Church in Brentwood,{{sfn|Shapiro|2009}} with mourners including Simpson and their children,[20] members of Brown's family, family friend{{citation needed|date=January 2019}} Al Cowlings, {{citation needed span |date=January 2019 |text=house guest Kato Kaelin,}} Steve Garvey, Bruce Jenner,{{sfn|Cerasini|1994|p=257}} and the Kardashians. Brown is buried in Ascension Cemetery{{sfn|Weller|1995|p=36}} in Lake Forest, California.[21][22] AftermathSimpson was tried for the murders of both Brown and Goldman. In October 1995, after a public trial that lasted nearly nine months, he was acquitted.[23] In a 1997 civil trial, a jury found him liable for the wrongful death of Brown and Goldman and awarded $19.5 million in damages to their families. Simpson was subsequently jailed for an unrelated armed robbery at a Las Vegas hotel in 2008.[24][25]In 1995, Brown's close friend Kris Jenner named her daughter Kendall Nicole Jenner in memory of Brown.[26] In 1996, after the conclusion of the trial, a judge granted Simpson's petition to give him full custody of Sydney and Justin.[27] Brown's parents continued unsuccessfully to fight for custody.{{sfn|Okeke-Ibezim|1997|pp=110ff}}[28][29] Following the deaths of Brown and Goldman, the townhouse at the site of their killing, 875 South Bundy Drive,{{sfn|Simpson|Fenjves|2006}}[17][18] sat empty for two years, until the next owner extensively remodeled it and had the address changed.[30] FoundationA foundation, Nicole Simpson Foundation, was established in 1994 in her memory.[31] Later renamed the Nicole Brown Charitable Foundation, it reportedly cut back on grantmaking in 1999 due to a drop in donations and questionable management practices.[32][33] Her sister, Denise Brown, has been at the center of controversy surrounding the foundation,[34]{{self-published source|date=January 2019}} but maintains its "purpose is to bring awareness, education, and inspiration to our communities".[35] PortrayalsBrown was portrayed by Jessica Tuck in the television movie The O. J. Simpson Story. She was portrayed by Sandra Olson in Reenactment of the Century. She will be portrayed by Charlotte Kirk in Joshua Newton's upcoming film Nicole & O.J. and by Mena Suvari in The Murder of Nicole Brown Simpson. See also
ReferencesCitations1. ^Turvey, Brent E. (February 1995). "An Overview of the Medicolegal Evidence Regarding: The State of California v. Orenthal James Simpson, Case: BA097211". Knowledge Solutions. 2. ^1 {{cite news|last1=Hubler |first1=Shawn |last2=Trounson |first2=Rebecca |date=July 3, 1994 |title=Dreams of Better Days Died That Night |url=http://articles.latimes.com/1994-07-03/news/mn-11579_1_nicole-simpson |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |access-date=January 23, 2019}} 3. ^{{cite magazine |last=Schindehette |first=Susan |date=August 1994 |title=To Live and Die in L.A. |url=https://people.com/archive/cover-story-to-live-and-die-in-l-a-vol-42-no-5/ |magazine=People |volume=42 |issue=5 |access-date=January 23, 2019}} 4. ^{{cite news |last=Gates |first=Anita |date=July 6, 2014 |title=Louis Brown Jr., Nicole Simpson's Father, Dies at 90 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/07/us/louis-brown-jr-nicole-simpsons-father-dies-at-90.html |url-access=limited |newspaper=The New York Times |access-date=January 23, 2019}} 5. ^{{cite web |date=February 3, 1985 |title=The Victims |url=http://www.cnn.com/US/OJ/victims/ |dead-url=no |department=O.J. Simpson Trial News |website=CNN |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140203110302/http://www.cnn.com/US/OJ/victims/ |archive-date=February 3, 2014 |access-date=February 23, 2014}} 6. ^{{cite news |last1=Hubler |first1=Shawn |last2=Trounson |first2=Rebecca |date=July 6, 1994 |title=Nicole Simpson Was Dominated by Her Husband Since She Was a Teenager |url=http://articles.baltimoresun.com/1994-07-06/news/1994187107_1_brown-simpson-nicole-brown-nicole-simpson |newspaper=The Baltimore Sun |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140201213218/http://articles.baltimoresun.com/1994-07-06/news/1994187107_1_brown-simpson-nicole-brown-nicole-simpson |archive-date=February 1, 2014 |access-date=February 23, 2014}} 7. ^{{cite web |url=https://martinostimemachine.blogspot.com/2014/08/the-daisy-in-beverly-hills-daisy-which.html?showComment=1550202350469#c1328863540800480900|title= The Daisy in Beverly Hills|author1=Alison Martino|date= August 29, 2014 |website=Vintage Los Angeles}} 8. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/06/23/us/simpson-case-victim-nicole-brown-simpson-slain-dawn-better-life.html|url-access=limited|title=The Simpson Case: The Victim; Nicole Brown Simpson: Slain At the Dawn of a Better Life|last=Rimer|first=Sara|date=June 23, 1994|newspaper=The New York Times|access-date=March 23, 2016}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.courttv.com/casefiles/simpson/new_docs/custody.html|title=Child Custody Decision|publisher=Courtroom Television Network| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20090110000200/http://www.courttv.com/casefiles/simpson/new_docs/custody.html| archive-date =January 10, 2009|accessdate=March 4, 2016}} 10. ^{{cite magazine |date=February 6, 1995 |title=Judge Allows Evidence of Domestic Violence in O. J. Simpson Murder Case |url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=Oz0DAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA51&lpg=PA51 |magazine=Jet |volume=87 |issue=13 |location=Chicago |publisher=Johnson Publishing Company |page=51 |issn=0021-5996 |access-date=January 23, 2019}} 11. ^1 2 {{cite news |last=Weller |first=Sheila |date=June 12, 2014 |title=How O.J. and Nicole Brown's Friends Coped with Murder in Their Midst |url=http://www.vanityfair.com/style/scandal/2014/06/sheila-weller-oj-simpson-murder |work=Vanity Fair |access-date=August 29, 2017}} 12. ^1 2 {{Cite magazine |last=Anolik |first=Lili |date=June 2014 |title=It All Began with O. J.. |url=http://www.vanityfair.com/style/society/2014/06/oj-simpson-trial-reality-tv-pop-culture |url-access=limited |magazine=Vanity Fair |volume=56 |issue=6 |location=New York |publisher=Condé Nast |pages=108ff |access-date=January 23, 2019}} 13. ^{{cite news |last=Bacchiocchi |first=Gina |date=February 19, 2016 |title=Simpson's Lesbian Fling Exposed: She Was 'Falling in Love' with Female BFF, Tell-All Reveals |url=http://radaronline.com/celebrity-news/nicole-brown-simpson-lesbian-affair-oj-simpson-ex-love-best-friend/ |work=Radar Online |access-date=January 23, 2019}} 14. ^{{cite news |last1=Frammolino |first1=Ralph |last2=Hubler |first2=Shawn |date=October 20, 1994 |title='Diary' Opens a New, Lurid Chapter |url=http://articles.latimes.com/1994-10-20/local/me-52588_1_nicole-simpson|work=Los Angeles Times |access-date=September 22, 2017}} 15. ^{{cite news|work=CNN|url=http://www.cnn.com/US/OJ/verdict/jury_didnt_see/|title=What the Jury Didn't See|date=September 24, 1995|accessdate=September 25, 2017|author=Harris, Art}} 16. ^{{cite web |last=Cronin |first=Lindsay |date=January 21, 2016 |title=Faye Resnick, Kathryn Edwards: Nicole Brown Simpson Affair, Marcus Allen on 'RHOBH' |url=http://www.enstarz.com/articles/136906/20160121/faye-resnick-kathryn-edwards-nicole-brown-simpson-affair-marcus-allen-on-rhobh-video.htm |website=Enstars}} 17. ^1 {{cite news |last=Margolick |first=David |author-link=David Margolick |date=July 25, 1995 |title=Simpson Expert Supports Conspiracy-Theory Defense |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1995/07/25/us/simpson-expert-supports-conspiracy-theory-defense.html |newspaper=The New York Times |page=9 |access-date=September 22, 2017}} 18. ^1 {{cite news|url=http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1995-06-13/news/9506130133_1_ronald-goldman-nicole-brown-simpson-gawkers|title=Gawkers Flock to Crime Scene on Bundy Avenue 1 Year Later|work=Chicago Tribune|date=June 13, 1995|last=Siegel|first=Jessica}} 19. ^{{cite web|work=Business Insider|title=O.J. Simpson Never-Before-Seen Crime-Scene Photos|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/oj-simpson-never-before-seen-crime-scene-photos-2016-6|date=June 16, 2016|accessdate=August 30, 2017|author=Guerrasio, Jason}} 20. ^{{cite book |last=Weller |first=Sheila |year=1995 |title=Raging Heart: The Intimate Story of the Tragic Marriage of O.J. and Nicole Brown Simpson}} Cited in {{harvnb|Dear|2012}}. 21. ^{{cite web|author=Hernandez, Greg|date=October 4, 1995|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1995-10-04/news/mn-53222_1_grave-nicole-simpson|title=Emotions Draw Crowd of 100 to Nicole Simpson's Grave Site |work=Los Angeles Times|accessdate=July 10, 2017}} 22. ^{{cite news |last=Hardesty |first=Greg |date=September 29, 2008 |title=Nicole Brown Simpson's Little Sister Grows Up |url=http://www.ocregister.com/2008/09/29/nicole-brown-simpsons-little-sister-grows-up |work=Orange County Register |location=Santa Ana, California |publisher=Freedom Communications |access-date=September 22, 2017}} 23. ^{{cite news | url=http://www.i4u.com/2014/07/78492/nicole-brown-simpsons-father-dies-20-years-after-her-murder | title=Nicole Brown Simpson's Father Dies 20 Years After Her Murder | work=i4u News | date=July 7, 2014 | accessdate=7 July 2014 | author=Aamir, Sumayah }} 24. ^{{cite news|title=Jury Unanimous: Simpson Is Liable|work=CNN |last1=Auther |first1=Jennifer |last2=Feldman |first2=Charles |last3=LaMotte |first3=Greg |date=February 4, 1997|url=http://www.cnn.com/US/9702/04/simpson.verdict1/index.html|accessdate=June 16, 2008}} 25. ^{{cite news|title=Court: Simpson Still Liable for $33.5M Judgment|work=NBC5|date=February 21, 2008|url=http://www.nbc5.com/news/15364921/detail.html|accessdate=June 16, 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081009230444/http://www.nbc5.com/news/15364921/detail.html|archivedate=October 9, 2008|agency=The Associated Press}} 26. ^{{cite news |last=Jones |first=Jaleesa M. |date=April 11, 2016 |title=Kendall Jenner Opens Up About Her 'Mom's Best Friend,' Nicole Brown Simpson |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/entertainthis/2016/04/11/kendall-jenner-opens-up-her-moms-best-friend-nicole-brown-simpson/82889184/ |work=USA Today |location=McLean, Virginia |access-date=January 29, 2017}} 27. ^{{cite news |last=Goldberg |first=Carey |date=December 26, 1996 |title=Simpson Wins Custody Fight for 2 Children by Slain Wife |url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C03E1D81531F932A15751C1A960958260&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=all |url-access=limited |work=The New York Times |access-date=March 10, 2009}} 28. ^{{cite news |last=Morello |first=Carol |date=December 21, 1996 |title=Judge Awards O.J. Simpson Custody of His Children |url=http://articles.philly.com/1996-12-21/news/25641878_1_simpson-custody-juditha-brown-sydney-and-justin |work=The Philadelphia Inquirer |page=A1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714190757/http://articles.philly.com/1996-12-21/news/25641878_1_simpson-custody-juditha-brown-sydney-and-justin |archive-date=July 14, 2014 |access-date=July 4, 2014}} 29. ^{{cite news|title=OJ Faces Further Battle over Child Custody|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/212159.stm|accessdate=July 4, 2014|work=BBC News|date= November 11, 1998}} 30. ^{{cite news |last=Walker |first=Theresa |date=June 17, 2014 |title=Lingering Questions from the O.J. Simpson Chase |url=https://www.ocregister.com/2014/06/17/lingering-questions-from-the-oj-simpson-chase/ |work=Orange County Register |location=Santa Ana, California |publisher=Freedom Communications |access-date=January 23, 2019}} 31. ^{{Cite news|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1995-07-19/news/mn-25661_1_nicole-simpson-foundation|title=The O.J. Simpson Murder Trial: Nicole Simpson Foundation Gives Shelter $10,000|last=Reyes|first=David|date=July 19, 1995|work=Los Angeles Times|access-date=July 21, 2017}} 32. ^{{Cite news|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1999/nov/04/local/me-29996|title=The Brown Foundation Cuts Back on Giving|last=Reza|first=H. G.|date=January 4, 1999|work=Los Angeles Times|access-date=July 21, 2017}} 33. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.guidestar.org/profile/95-4507111|title=Nicole Brown Simpson Charit Foundation – GuideStar Profile|website=www.guidestar.org|language=en|access-date=July 21, 2017}} 34. ^{{Cite web|url=http://truthsaboutnbcf.blogspot.com/|title=Why NOT to Donate to the Nicole Brown Charitable Foundation|access-date=July 21, 2017}} 35. ^{{cite news |last=LaScala |first=Marisa |date=March 8, 2016 |title=Where Is Denise Brown Today? Nicole's Sister Has Worked Hard to Move Forward |url=https://www.bustle.com/articles/146594-where-is-denise-brown-today-nicoles-sister-has-worked-hard-to-move-forward |work=Bustle |access-date=July 21, 2017}} Sources{{refbegin|35em|indent=yes}}{{cite book |last=Bugliosi |first=Vincent |author-link=Vincent Bugliosi |year=1997 |orig-year=1996 |title=The Five Reasons Why O. J. Simpson Got Away with Murder |location=New York |publisher=Dell Publishing |isbn=978-0-440-22382-5 |ref=harv }} {{cite book |last=Cerasini |first=Marc |year=1994 |title=O.J. Simpson: American Hero, American Tragedy |location=New York |publisher=Windsor Publishing Corporation |isbn=978-0-7860-0118-7 |ref=harv }} {{cite book |last=Dear |first=William C. |author-link=William Dear (detective) |year=2012 |title=O. J. Is Innocent and I Can Prove It: The Shocking Truth About the Murders of Nicole Brown Simpson and Ron Goldman |location=New York |publisher=Skyhorse Publishing |isbn=978-1-63220-072-3 |ref=harv }} {{cite book |last=Hunt |first=Darnell M. |author-link=Darnell Hunt |year=1999 |title=O. J. Simpson Facts and Fictions: News Rituals in the Construction of Reality |location=Cambridge, England |publisher=Cambridge University Press |doi=10.1017/CBO9780511489204 |isbn=978-0-521-62468-8 |ref=harv }} {{cite book |last1=Lange |first1=Tom |last2=Vannatter |first2=Philip |last3=Moldea |first3=Dan E. |author3-link=Dan Moldea |year=1997 |title=Evidence Dismissed: The Inside Story of the Police Investigation of O. J. Simpson |location=New York |publisher=Pocket Books |ref=harv }} {{cite book |last=Okeke-Ibezim |first=Felicia |year=1997 |title=O.J. Simpson: The Trial of the Century |location=New York |publisher=Ekwike Publications |isbn=978-0-9661598-0-6 |ref=harv }} {{cite book |last=Schmalleger |first=Frank |author-link=Frank Schmalleger |year=1996 |title=Trial of the Century: People of the State of California vs. Orenthal James Simpson |location=Upper Saddle River, New Jersey |publisher=Prentice Hall |isbn=978-0-13-235953-5 |ref=harv }} {{cite book |last=Shapiro |first=Robert L. |author-link=Robert Shapiro (lawyer) |year=2009 |orig-year=1996 |title=The Search for Justice: A Defense Attorney's Brief on the O.J. Simpson Case |location=Boston |publisher=Grand Central Publishing |isbn=978-0-446-57007-7 |ref=harv }} {{cite book |last1=Simpson |first1=O. J. |author1-link=O. J. Simpson |last2=Fenjves |first2=Pablo |author2-link=Pablo Fenjves |year=2006 |title=If I Did It |edition=cancelled |publisher=ReganBooks |ref=harv }} {{cite book |last=Taylor Gibbs |first=Jewelle |year=1996 |title=Race and Justice: Rodney King and O. J. Simpson in a House Divided |location=San Francisco |publisher=Jossey-Bass |isbn=978-0-7879-0264-3 |ref=harv }} {{cite book |last=Weller |first=Sheila |year=1995 |title=Raging Heart: The Intimate Story of the Tragic Marriage of O.J. and Nicole Brown Simpson |location=New York |publisher=Pocket Books |isbn=978-0-671-52145-5 |ref=harv }}{{refend}} External links
16 : 1959 births|1994 deaths|1994 murders in the United States|American murder victims|American people of German descent|Burials in Orange County, California|Deaths by stabbing in California|Female murder victims|German emigrants to the United States|Incidents of violence against women|Military brats|O. J. Simpson murder case|People from Brentwood, Los Angeles|People from Frankfurt|People murdered in Los Angeles|Victims of domestic abuse |
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