| 词条 | Nike-Apache |
| 释义 |
|image = Nike-Apache on USNS Croatan.jpg |caption = A Nike-Apache aboard USNS Croatan |name = Nike-Apache |function = Sounding rocket |manufacturer = Aerolab/Atlantic Research |country-origin = United States |cpl = $6,000 USD |height = {{convert|8.31|m|abbr=on}} |diameter = {{convert|4.19|m|abbr=on}} |mass = {{convert|760|kg|abbr=on}} |stages = Two |location = {{convert|160|km|abbr=on}} |kilos = {{convert|45.4|kg|abbr=on}} |status = Retired |sites = Multiple |launches = 636 |first = 17 February 1961 |last = 27 September 1978 |stagedata = |type = stage |stageno = First |name = Nike |number = One |diameter = {{convert|4.19|m|abbr=on}} |engines = 1 x ABL M5 |solid = yes |thrust = {{convert|217|kN|abbr=on}} |burntime = 3.5 s |fuel = solid }} {{Infobox rocket/stage|type = stage |stageno = Second |name = Apache |number = One |diameter = {{convert|1.65|m|abbr=on}} |engines = 1 x Thiokol TE-307-2 |solid = yes |thrust = {{convert|21.1|kN|abbr=on}} |burntime = 6 s |fuel = solid }} The Nike Apache, also known as Argo B-13, was a two-stage sounding rocket developed by Aerolab, later Atlantic Research, for use by the United States Air Force and NASA. It became the standard NASA sounding rocket and was launched over 600 times between 1961 and 1978. DevelopmentThe TE-307-2 Apache rocket motor was developed by Thiokol as an improvement of its Cajun series of rockets; the Apache was similar in appearance to Cajun, but had an improved propellant that allowed for better performance.[1] Combined with a M5 Nike rocket for its first stage by Aerolab,[1] the Nike-Apache sounding rocket was capable of lifting {{convert|100|lb}} of instruments to an apogee of {{convert|100|mi}}.[2] Operational historyThe first launch of Nike-Apache was conducted by the United States Air Force on 17 February 1961.[1] Popular due to its low cost ($6,000 USD)[3] and ability to be fired from many locales, 636 launches were conducted between 1961 and 1978, with the final launch of a Nike-Apache taking place in September 1978.[1] The Nike Apache was used to carry a variety of payloads to study a wide range of topics including radio astronomy, meteorology, aeronomy, atmospheric conditions, plasma physics, and solar physics. NASA flew them from Brazil, Canada, India, Norway, Pakistan, Spain, Suriname, Sweden, all across the US, and off of the converted escort carrier {{USNS|Croatan|T-AKV-43|6}}.[4] Nike Apache was the first rocket launched by India from the TERLS (Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station) of Kerala in November 1963.[5] The Nike-Apache configuration was also used by one variation of the U.S. Army's MQR-13 BMTS target rocket.[6] References
1. ^1 2 3 Parsch 2004 2. ^Corliss 1971, p.82. 3. ^Space Science Board 1966, p. 376. 4. ^Howard 1965, p.159. 5. ^Pandey 2010, p.22. 6. ^Parsch 2002
External links{{commonscat-inline|Nike Apache}}
4 : Sounding rockets of the United States|NASA space launch vehicles|Nike (rocket family)|Equipment of the United States Air Force |
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