| 词条 | Nikolai Andrianov | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Nikolai Andrianov | image = Nikolai Andrianov c1974.jpg | image_size = 200px | caption = Andrianov c. 1974 | full_name = Nikolai Yefimovich Andrianov | altname = | nickname = | country = {{USSR}} | formercountry = | birth_date = 14 October 1952 | birth_place = Vladimir, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union | hometown = | residence = | death_date = {{death date and age|2011|3|21|1952|10|14|df=y}} | death_place = Vladimir, Russian Federation | height = 166 cm[1] | discipline = MAG | weight = 60 kg | level = | natlteam = | club = | gym = | collegeteam = | headcoach = Nikolai Tolkachev | assistcoach = | formercoach = | choreographer = | music = | eponymousskills = | retired = | show-medals = yes | medaltemplates = {{MedalCompetition | Olympic Games}}{{MedalGold|1972 Munich|Floor exercise}}{{MedalGold|1976 Montreal|All-around}}{{MedalGold|1976 Montreal|Floor exercise}}{{MedalGold|1976 Montreal|Rings}}{{MedalGold|1976 Montreal|Vault}}{{MedalGold|1980 Moscow|Team competition}}{{MedalGold|1980 Moscow|Vault}}{{MedalSilver|1972 Munich|Team competition}}{{MedalSilver|1976 Montreal|Team competition}}{{MedalSilver|1976 Montreal|Parallel bars}}{{MedalSilver|1980 Moscow|All-around}}{{MedalSilver|1980 Moscow|Floor exercise}}{{MedalBronze|1972 Munich|Vault}}{{MedalBronze|1976 Montreal|Pommel horse}}{{MedalBronze|1980 Moscow|Horizontal bar}}{{MedalCompetition | World Championships}}{{MedalGold|1974 Varna|Still rings}}{{MedalGold|1978 Strasbourg|Still rings}}{{MedalGold|1978 Strasbourg|All-around}}{{MedalGold|1979 Ft. Worth|Team competition}}{{MedalSilver|1974 Varna|Team competition}}{{MedalSilver|1974 Varna|All-around}}{{MedalSilver|1974 Varna|Pommel horse}}{{MedalSilver|1974 Varna|Vault}}{{MedalSilver|1974 Varna|Parallel bars}}{{MedalSilver|1978 Strasbourg|Team competition}}{{MedalSilver|1978 Strasbourg|Vault}}{{MedalSilver|1978 Strasbourg|Parallel bars}}{{MedalSilver|1979 Ft. Worth|Vault}}{{MedalCompetition|European Championships}}{{MedalGold|1971 Madrid|Pommel horse}}{{MedalGold|1971 Madrid|Vault}}{{MedalGold|1973 Grenoble|Floor exercise}}{{MedalGold|1973 Grenoble|Vault}}{{MedalGold|1975 Bern|All-around}}{{MedalGold|1975 Bern|Floor exercise}}{{MedalGold|1975 Bern|Still rings}}{{MedalGold|1975 Bern|Vault}}{{MedalGold|1975 Bern|Parallel bars}}{{MedalGold|1975 Bern|Horizontal bar}}{{MedalSilver|1971 Madrid|Still rings}}{{MedalSilver|1971 Madrid|Parallel bars}}{{MedalSilver|1973 Grenoble|All-around}}{{MedalSilver|1973 Grenoble|Still rings}}{{MedalSilver|1973 Grenoble|Parallel bars}}{{MedalSilver|1975 Bern|Pommel horse}}{{MedalBronze|1971 Madrid|All-around}}{{MedalBronze|1971 Madrid|Floor exercise}} }} Nikolai Yefimovich Andrianov ({{lang-ru|Николай Ефимович Андрианов}}; 14 October 1952 – 21 March 2011)[2] was a Soviet/Russian gymnast. He held the record for men for the most Olympic medals at 15 (7 gold medals, 5 silver medals, 3 bronze medals) until Michael Phelps surpassed him at the 2008 Beijing Summer Olympics. Andrianov is the third athlete (male or female) in cumulative Olympic medals after Phelps's 28 and Larisa Latynina, who earned 18. Andrianov won the most medals at the 1976 Summer Olympics with 6 individual medals and one team medal. Within the sport of Men's Artistic Gymnastics, he also holds the men's record for most individual Olympic medals (12) and shares the male record for most individual Olympic gold medals in gymnastics (6), tied with Boris Shakhlin and Dmitry Bilozerchev (the latter of which only if you count the 1984 Alternate Olympics). In many other rankings among all-time medal winners at the Olympic, World, and European levels, he ranks very high, (for example, he is second only to Vitaly Scherbo in total individual medal counts at either the gold level or any level at the combined Olympic and World levels as well as at the combined Olympic, World, and European levels) – easily making him one of the most decorated gymnasts of all time. Early life and Olympic careerAndrianov entered the Children and Youth Sports School of the Burevestnik sports society in Vladimir at age 11. His first international success came in 1971 at the European Championships in Madrid, where he won two gold medals. Between 1971 and 1980 he won many international gymnastics competitions, including the Olympic Games, world championships and European championships.[1] Andrianov's first Olympic medal was a gold in the 1972 floor competition. He dominated the 1976 gymnastics competition, winning four golds, including the all-around, two silvers, and a bronze.[4] These medals included golds in the floor exercises, rings, and vault, as well as a prized gold in the 1976 all-around. His record of four gymnastic golds at a single games stood until Vitaly Scherbo won six in 1992.[3] Andrianov took the Olympic Oath for athletes at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow. In the gymnastics competition, he won two more golds, two silvers, and a bronze.[4] Andrianov's golds in that Olympics were in the vault and team competition, his silvers were in the all-around and floor exercises, and his bronze medal was in the horizontal bar.[5] He retired shortly after that year's Olympics.[4] Later lifeAndrianov married another famous Soviet gymnast, two-time Olympic champion Lyubov Burda. Together they worked as children’s gymnastics coaches, with Andrianov being the head coach of the Soviet national men’s junior team in 1981–1992. In 1990–1992 he also coached the Soviet senior gymnastics team, and in 1990–1993 headed the Soviet and later the Russian Gymnastics Federation.[1] In 2001, Andrianov was inducted into the International Gymnastics Hall of Fame.{{Ref|hof}} Between 1994 and 2002 he coached the Japan Olympic gymnastics team, on the invitation of his former rival, Mitsuo Tsukahara. Andrianov coached Tsukahara's son, Naoya Tsukahara, and both father and son credit him with raising Naoya's skills and confidence to equip him to compete at the international level.[6] In 2002 he became the director of gymnastics at the N.G. Tolkachyov Specialized Children and Youth sports school in Vladimir, where he first began the sport as a youth.[1] Illness and deathIn his final years, Andrianov developed the degenerative neurological disorder multiple system atrophy and in his final months was unable to move his arms or legs or talk.[7] Andrianov died on 21 March 2011 at the age of 58,[8] in his hometown of Vladimir.[9] Russia's national gymnastic team coach, Alexander Alexandrov, called the death "tragic", but stated that he had been ill for a long time.[9] Achievements (non-Olympic)
Honours and awards
See also{{Portal|Gymnastics}}
References1. ^1 2 3 [https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/an/nikolay-andrianov-1.html Nikolay Andrianov]. sports-reference.com 2. ^London 2012 – Olympic legend Andrianov dies – Yahoo! Eurosport. Uk.eurosport.yahoo.com. Retrieved on 22 March 2011. 3. ^{{cite news|last=Eskenazi|first=Gerald|title=BARCELONA: Gymnastics; On Scherbo's Night, Dimas Also Sparkles|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/08/03/sports/barcelona-gymnastics-on-scherbo-s-night-dimas-also-sparkles.html?scp=2&sq=Nikolai%20Andrianov&st=cse|accessdate=22 March 2011|newspaper=The New York Times|date=3 August 1992}} 4. ^1 2 {{cite news| last=Fyodorov | first=Gennady | title=Olympics-Gymnastics great Andrianov dies after long illness | url=https://www.reuters.com/article/2011/03/21/olympics-gymnastics-andrianov-idUSLDE72K21220110321|accessdate=22 March 2011 | agency=Reuters | date=21 March 2011}} 5. ^{{cite book|title=Pursuit of excellence, the Olympic story|year=1983|publisher=Grolier Enterprises|isbn=978-0-7172-8171-8|pages=373|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fAsPAQAAMAAJ&q=%22Nikolai+Andrianov%22&dq=%22Nikolai+Andrianov%22&hl=en&ei=gw6ITarBHvOO0QGgh8GGDg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=9&ved=0CFAQ6AEwCA}} 6. ^{{cite news|last=Strom|first=Stephanie|title=OLYMPICS; For a Japanese Gymnast, Honor Thy Father|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9804E1D61E30F936A3575AC0A9669C8B63&scp=5&sq=Nikolai+Andrianov&st=cse&pagewanted=all|accessdate=22 March 2011|newspaper=The New York Times|date=5 September 2000}} 7. ^{{cite web |url=http://intlgymnast.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1893:olympic-legend-andrianov-in-fight-for-life&catid=2:news&Itemid=166|title=Legendary Olympian In Fight For His Life|accessdate=7 September 2010|publisher=International Gymnast|author=Amanda Turner}} 8. ^{{cite web |url=http://intlgymnast.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=2414:olympic-legend-andrianov-dies-at-58-&catid=2:news&Itemid=166 |title=Olympic Legend Andrianov Dies at 58|accessdate=21 March 2011 |publisher=International Gymnast |author=Amanda Turner }} 9. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://uk.eurosport.yahoo.com/21032011/58/london-2012-olympic-legend-andrianov-dies-aged-58.html|title=London 2012 – Olympic legend Andrianov dies aged 58|publisher=Yahoo!|date=21 March 2011|accessdate=21 March 2011}}
External links{{Commons category|Nikolai Andrianov}}
| title = Nikolai Andrianov | work = International Gymnastics Hall of Fame | url = http://www.ighof.com/honorees/honorees_andrianov.html | accessdate = 1 December 2006}}
|-{{s-bef|before={{flagicon|URS}} Boris Shakhlin}}{{s-ttl|title=Most career Olympic medals by a man|years= 1980–2008}}{{s-aft|after={{flagicon|USA}} Michael Phelps}} |-{{s-end}}{{Footer Olympic Champions All-round Men}}{{Footer Olympic Champions Vault Men}}{{Footer Olympic Champions Floor Men}}{{Footer Olympic Champions Rings Men}}{{Olympic champions artistic gymnastics Men TC|1980}}{{Footer World Artistic Gymnastics All-Around Champions (Men)}}{{NavigationWorldChampionsArtisticGymnasticsMen’sStillRings}}{{Footer European Artistic Gymnastics All-Around Champions (Men)}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Andrianov, Nikolai}} 23 : 1952 births|2011 deaths|Burevestnik (sports society) athletes|Deaths from multiple system atrophy|Gymnasts at the 1972 Summer Olympics|Gymnasts at the 1976 Summer Olympics|Gymnasts at the 1980 Summer Olympics|International Gymnastics Hall of Fame inductees|Medalists at the 1980 Summer Olympics|Medalists at the 1976 Summer Olympics|Medalists at the 1972 Summer Olympics|Medalists at the World Artistic Gymnastics Championships|Olympic gold medalists for the Soviet Union|Olympic silver medalists for the Soviet Union|Olympic bronze medalists for the Soviet Union|Olympic gymnasts of the Soviet Union|Olympic medalists in gymnastics|People from Vladimir|Russian male artistic gymnasts|Soviet male artistic gymnasts|World champion gymnasts|Universiade medalists in gymnastics|Oath takers at the Olympic Games |
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