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词条 Ningxiang
释义

  1. Archeology

  2. History

  3. Subdivision

  4. Geography

     Climate  Rivers  Lakes and reservoirs  Mountains 

  5. Government

  6. Economy

      Development zone  

  7. Demographics

     Population  Language  Religion 

  8. Education

  9. Transportation

     Rail  Expressway  National Highway  Provincial Highway 

  10. Culture

  11. Tourism

  12. Notable people

  13. Footnotes

  14. External links

{{Infobox settlement
|name = {{raise|0.2em|Ningxiang}}
|native_name = {{lower|0.1em|{{nobold|{{lang|zh-hans|宁乡市}}}}}}
|settlement_type = County-level city
|image_skyline =
|image_map =
|map_caption =
|pushpin_map = China Hunan
|pushpin_label_position =
|pushpin_mapsize =
|pushpin_map_caption = Location in Hunan
|coordinates = {{coord|28.27684|N|112.55205|E|type:adm3rd_region:CN-43|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_name = People's Republic of China
|subdivision_type1 = Province
|subdivision_type2 = Prefecture-level city
|subdivision_name1 = Hunan
|subdivision_name2 = Changsha
|established_title = Established
|established_date = 627 (TangZhenguan)
| seat = Yutan
|leader_title = Communist Party Secretary
|leader_name = Zhou Hui ({{lang|zh-Hans-CN|周辉}})
|leader_title1 = Chairman of Ningxiang People's Congress
|leader_name1 = He Yinghui ({{lang|zh-Hans-CN|贺应辉}})[1]
|area_total_km2 = 2906
|population_total = 1368117[2]
|population_as_of = August 2012
|population_density_km2 = auto
|population_urban = 300,000
|website = {{URL|www.nxgov.com/zfmh/index.html}}
|footnotes =
|admini_division_code = 430124[3]
|parts_type = Township-level divisions
|parts = 4 subdistricts, 21 towns, 8 townships, and 1 district
|location = Yutan Subdistrict


|motto = {{lang|zh-Hans-CN|心忧天下、敢为人先}}


|leader_title2 = Mayor
|leader_name2 = Fu Xuming ({{lang|zh-Hans-CN|付旭明}})
|leader_title3 = Chairman of CPPCC Ningxiang Committee
|leader_name3 = Deng Jieping ({{lang|zh-Hans-CN|邓杰平}})
|elevation =
|elevation_min_m = 127.2
|elevation_max_m = 884


|population_ratio =
|population_urban_as_of = 2010
|population_nonfarm = 50,000
|population_nonfarm_as_of = 2010
|population_metropolitan =
|population_metropolitan_as_of =
|density_urban =
|density_metropolitan =
|language = Mandarin
|dialect = Changsha dialect
Ningxiang dialect
|GDP = 83.505 billion
|GDP_us =
|GDP_as_of = 2013
|GDP_ratio = 2.9%
|GDP_rank = Second
|GDPPC = 69,797
|GDPPC_us =
|GDPPC_PPP_us =
|GDPPC_rank = Second
|Urban_GDP =
|GDP_urban_as_of =
|Urban_GDPPC =
|Metro_GDP =
|GDP_metro_as_of =
|GDP_metro_us =
|GDP_metro_PPP_us =
|Metro_GDPPC =
|HDI =
|HDI_as_of =
|timezone = China Standard
|utc_offset = +8
|tree = Cinnamomum camphora
|flower = Rhododendron
|area_code = (0)731
|postal_code_type = Postal code
|postal_code = 410600
|carlicense = {{lang|zh-cn|湘A}}
|ISO3166 =
}}Ningxiang ({{zh|c=|s=宁乡市 |t=寧鄉市 |p=Níngxiāng Shì |l=peaceful home}}) is a county-level city and the 2nd most populous county-level division in the Province of Hunan, China; it is under the administration of Changsha Prefecture-level City. the city is bordered to the north by Heshan District of Yiyang and Taojiang County, to the west by Anhua County and Lianyuan City, to the south by Louxing District of Loudi, Xiangxiang City, Shaoshan City and Yuhu District of Xiangtan,to the east by Yuelu and Wangcheng Districts. Located in the central east of Hunan Province, Ningxiang covers {{convert|2,906|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}[5] with a registered population of 1,393,528 and a resident population of 1,218,400 (as of 2014).[5] The city has 4 subdistricts, 21 towns and 4 townships under its jurisdiction, the county seat is Yutan Subdistrict ({{zh|s=玉潭街道 |hp=|labels=no}}).[6]

The most famous historic resident was Liu Shaoqi, who lived in Ningxiang from 1898 until 1920, before he went to Beijing as President.

The city is famous for its tourism as the home of attractions like He Shuheng's Former Residence, Xie Juezai's Former Residence, Liu Shaoqi's Former Residence, Baiyun Temple, Miyin Temple, and Puji Temple.

Archeology

Ningxiang was a site of spectacular Shang archaeological finds[7]

In 2004, a Chinese team excavated ruins from the Western Zhou period (11th century-771BC) at Tanheli. The findings were of a city site that included two large yellow earth artificial building sites and two even larger sites that may have been palace dwellings. Remnants of moats were found both inside and outside the city. In the highlands outside the city were excavated seven small tombs for nobles and lords which contained many bronze culture implements as well as those made of jade. The site was listed in Beijing as one of the top ten archeological discoveries of 2004.[8]

Bronze Square Ding with Human Faces: a ding vessel decorated with human face. It is a bronze vessel of the later Shang Dynasty and unearthed at Zhaizishan, Huangcai Town, Ningxiang County in 1959. It is displayed at the Hunan Provincial Museum.
t=| s=转耳仑山腰| hp=|labels=no}}), Huangcai town, Ningxiang County. Discovered by Jiang Jingsu ({{zh | t=| s=姜景舒| hp=|labels=no}}) and his other two brothers in April 1938. It is displayed at the National Museum of China.

History

{{Quote box |align=right |bgcolor=#E5ECF4
|title=Historical affiliations
|fontsize=90%
|class=plainlist
|quote=
  • Qianzhong Commadery, Chu State (1115–223 BC)
  • Changsha Commadery, Qin dynasty (221–207 BC)
  • Yiyang County/ Xiangyin County, Han dynasty (202 BC–220 AD)
  • Xinyang County, Wu State (222–280)
  • Xinkang County, Jin dynasty (280–420)
  • Yiyang County, Sui dynasty (589–618)
  • Xinkang County, Tang dynasty (621–907)
  • Ningxiang County, Tang and Song dynasties (627–1276)
  • Tanzhoulu, Yuan dynasty (1271–1368)
  • Changshafu, Ming and Qing dynasties (1372–1911)
  • No. 5 Xingshu of Hunan, Republic of China (1911–1949)
  • Yiyang Zhuanqu, 1949–1952; 1962–1983
  • Xiangtan Zhuanqu, 1952–1962
  • Ningxiang County 1983–2017
  • Ningxiang City, 2017–present

}}

Human habitation in Ningxiang dates back to ancient times. The earliest archaeological remains so far unearthed are the Four-goat Square Zun and Dahe Renmianwen Square Ding from Tanheli site at Huangcai Town, dating back to the late Shang dynasty (11th–10th century BC).

In the Warring States (475–221 BC) period, Ningxiang was under the jurisdiction of Qianzhongjun ({{zh|s=黔中郡|hp=|labels=no}}) of Chu State (1115–223 BC).[10]

After conquering all the states, Emperor Qin Shi Huang implemented the system of prefectures and counties in 221 BC. Ningxiang belonged to Changshajun ({{zh|s=长沙郡|hp=|labels=no}}).[10]

In the Han dynasty (202 BC–220 AD), Ningxiang was under the jurisdiction of Yiyang County and Xiangyin County.[10]

In the Three Kingdoms period (220–280), king of Wu State (222–280), Sun Quan, seized Jingzhou, Ningxiang came under the jurisdiction of Wu State. In 257, the imperial court set up the Xinkang County, and Changqiao (now Hengshi) became the seat of the county administration.[10]

In the Tang dynasty (618–907), the imperial court established a granary in today's Laoliangcang Town. Buddhism was introduced into Ningxiang some time in the 9th century. According to Wu Deng Hui Yuan ({{zh|s=《五灯会元》|hp=|labels=no}}), in 806, the prime minister Pei Xiu submitted a written statement to the imperial court, which was approved to found the Miyin Temple at the foot of Mount Wei. His son, Pei Wende ({{zh|s=裴文德|hp=|labels=no}}), a former zhuangyuan, received ordination as a monk with the Dharma name of "Jinshan Fahai" ({{zh|s=金山法海|hp=|labels=no}}). The character of Fahai in the Legend of the White Snake is based on him. Liu Dui, the first jinshi in the history of Ningxiang, also known as "jinshi of Ningxiang for the first time" ({{zh |s=破天荒进士|hp=|labels=no}}).[10]

In the 2nd year of Tiancheng Period (927) of the Later Tang dynasty (923–936), the King of Chu, Ma Yin, founded the Chu Kingdom (927–963). He set up three counties of Yiyang, Changsha and Xiangxiang in Ningxiang area. Xinkangyi ({{zh|s=新康驿|hp=|labels=no}}) was renamed Yutan Town, when it has a pond like a jade.[10]

In the Song dynasty (960–1279), Yi Fu, the first Ningxiang people won the title of "wenzhuangyuan" ({{zh|s=文状元|hp=|labels=no}}), and he was appointed as the title of "Founding Man of Ningxiang" ({{zh|s=宁乡开国男|hp=|labels=no}}).[10]

In the early Yuan dynasty (1271–1368), Ningxiang came under the jurisdiction of Tanzhou ({{zh|s=潭州 |hp=|labels=no}}), and then under the jurisdiction of Tanzhoulu ({{zh|s=潭州路 |hp=|labels=no}}).[10]

In June of the 5th year of Hongwu Period (1372) of the Ming dynasty (1368–1644), Tanzhou was renamed as Changshafu ({{zh|s=长沙府 |hp=|labels=no}}), and Ningxiang under its jurisdiction.[10]

In the 4th year of Shunzhi Period (1647) of the Qing dynasty (1644–1911), Gao Shijun ({{zh|s=高士浚|hp=|labels=no}}) led his army to conquer Changsha and Ningxiang was incorporated into the territory of Qing Empire. Changshafu was set up, affiliated to Hu-Guang province and possessed 12 counties, including Ningxiang. In the late Qing dynasty, Zhu Yidian ({{zh|s=朱衣点|hp=|labels=no}}) joined the Taiping Army in Zhushi Bridge with his troops, he had fought many battles in Jiangxi, Zhejiang and Fujian, and was awarded the title of "Xiaotian Yiwang" ({{zh|s=孝天义王|hp=|labels=no}}) and "Fuchao Tianjun" ({{zh|s=扶朝天军|hp=|labels=no}}).[10]

In 1922, Ningxiang belonged to Hunan province.[10]

On June 18, 1944, Changsha was captured by the Imperial Japanese Army. The Imperial Japanese Army attacked Ningxiang from Yiyang and Qiaokou ({{zh|s=乔口|hp=|labels=no}}), a battalion of 58th Division of 74th Army of the Chinese Nationalist Army held the Wei River bank, they blazed away at the enemy until the supplies were exhausted. They fought hand to hand with the enemy, but they were practically wiped out in the battle, known as the "Battle of Hill of Du Family" ({{zh|s=血战杜家山|hp=|labels=no}}).[10]

On February 9, 1949, Jiang Yaxun ({{zh|s=姜亚勋 |hp=|labels=no}}) and Li Shiqiu ({{zh|s=李石秋|hp=|labels=no}}) led the Huang-Tang Uprising ({{zh|s=黄唐起义 |hp=|labels=no}}) in both towns of Huangcai and Tangshi. They published the Letter to the People of Central Hunan ({{zh|s=《告湘中人民书》|hp=|labels=no}}) and the Open Letter to Cheng Qian ({{zh|s=《致程潜的公开信》|hp=|labels=no}}). On August 4, Ningxiang was liberated by the 436th Regiment of 146th Division of 49th Army of the PLA 4th Field Army, which was led by Cui Rongtai ({{zh|s=崔荣泰|hp=|labels=no}}) and Wang Qiao ({{zh|s=王侨|hp=|labels=no}}). On August 27, the People's Government of Ningxiang County was set up.[10]

After the establishment of the Communist State in October 1949, Ningxiang was under the jurisdiction of Yiyang Zhuanqu ({{zh|s=益阳专区|hp=|labels=no}}). From 1952 to November 1962, Ningxiang belonged to Xiangtan Zhuanqu ({{zh|s=湘潭专区|hp=|labels=no}}), and then belonged to Yiyang Zhuanqu till June 1983, while the county was under jurisdiction of Changsha.[9]

In 2017, Ningxiang was upgraded to a county-level city.[10][11]

Subdivision

According to the result on adjustment of township-level administrative divisions of Ningxiang county on November 19, 2015,[6] The divisions of Ningxiang County, according to the result on adjustment of township-level administrative divisions of Ningxiang county on November 19, 2015:[12] Fengmuqiao township and Xieleqiao town merged to Huitang town, Nantianping township merged to Batang town, Zhuliangqiao township merged to Shuangjiangkou town, Ningxiang county has 4 townships, 21 towns and 4 subdistricts under its jurisdiction.

Name Chinese character Population (2005) Area (Km2) Note
Qingshanqiao t=| s=青山桥镇| hp=|labels=no}} 49,000 71.8
Liushahe t=| s=流沙河镇| hp=|labels=no}} 69,000 140.57
Yutan Subdistrict t=| s=玉潭街道| hp=|labels=no}} 200,000 20
Daolin t=| s=道林镇| hp=|labels=no}} 56,000 135
Huaminglou t=| s=花明楼镇| hp=|labels=no}} 51,000 112.4
Donghutang t=| s=东湖塘镇| hp=|labels=no}} 47,000 138
Xiaduopu t=| s=夏铎铺镇| hp=|labels=no}} 37,000 103.4
Xieleqiao t=| s=偕乐桥镇| hp=|labels=no}} 21,000 72.5
Shuangfupu t=| s=双凫铺镇| hp=|labels=no}} 47,000 62.9
Meitanba t=| s=煤炭坝镇| hp=|labels=no}} 53,000 73.4
Batang t=| s=坝塘镇| hp=|labels=no}} 41,000 107
Huitang t=| s=灰汤镇 | hp=|labels=no}} 23,000 43
Shuangjiangkou t=| s=双江口镇| hp=|labels=no}} 38,000 89.5
Laoliangcang t=| s=老粮仓镇| hp=|labels=no}} 63,000 121.8
Xiangzikou t=| s=巷子口镇| hp=|labels=no}} 42,000 105.8
Longtian t=| s=龙田镇| hp=|labels=no}} 21,000 72.5
Hengshi t=| s=横市镇 | hp=|labels=no}} 50,000 123
Huilongpu t=| s=回龙铺镇| hp=|labels=no}} 37,000 71.8
Huangcai t=| s=黄材镇| hp=|labels=no}} 62,000 220
Jinzhou t=| s=金洲镇| hp=|labels=no}} 31,000 62.1
Dachengqiao t=| s=大成桥乡| hp=|labels=no}} 43,000 106.2
Zhuliangqiao Township t=| s=朱良桥乡| hp=|labels=no}} 33,000 82.72
Jinghuapu Township t=| s=菁华铺乡| hp=|labels=no}} 32,000 65.8
Nantianping Township t=| s=南田坪乡| hp=|labels=no}} 27,000 64
Zifu t=| s=资福镇| hp=|labels=no}} 38,000 87.4
Fengmuqiao Township t=| s=枫木桥乡| hp=|labels=no}} 38,000 72.6
Yujia'ao Township t=| s=喻家坳乡| hp=|labels=no}} 39,000 96.85
Shatian Township t=| s=沙田乡| hp=|labels=no}} 34,000 74.22
Baimaqiao Subdistrict t=| s=白马桥街道| hp=|labels=no}} 50,000 22.8
Lijingpu Subdistrict t=| s=历经铺街道| hp=|labels=no}} 34,000 35
Chengjiao Subdistrict t=| s=城郊街道| hp=|labels=no}} 50,000 22.8
Weishan Township t=| s=沩山乡| hp=|labels=no}} 14,000 42.8

Geography

Ningxiang County is located in the middle of Hunan province. The county has a total area of {{convert|2903.52|km2}}. The county is bordered by Wangcheng District, to the east, Xiangtan County, to the Southeast, Shaoshan, Xiangxiang, Lianyuan, and Loudi, to the south, Anhua County, to the west, Taojiang County and Yiyang, to the North.

Climate

Ningxiang County is in the subtropical monsoon climate zone and exhibits four distinct seasons. Spring and fall are warm, while winter is chilly with cold winds. Winter temperatures average around {{convert|5|C|adj=on}}. Summers are very hot and dry with a July daily average of {{convert|29|C|adj=on}}.

{{Weather box|width=auto
|metric first=y
|single line=y
|collapsed = Y
|location = Ningxiang (1981-2010)
|Jan high C = 8.2
|Feb high C = 10.4
|Mar high C = 14.8
|Apr high C = 21.5
|May high C = 26.6
|Jun high C = 29.7
|Jul high C = 33.3
|Aug high C = 32.4
|Sep high C = 27.9
|Oct high C = 22.5
|Nov high C = 17.0
|Dec high C = 11.2
|Jan mean C = 4.7
|Feb mean C = 6.9
|Mar mean C = 10.9
|Apr mean C = 17.2
|May mean C = 22.1
|Jun mean C = 25.5
|Jul mean C = 28.9
|Aug mean C = 28.0
|Sep mean C = 23.5
|Oct mean C = 18.0
|Nov mean C = 12.4
|Dec mean C = 7.0
|year mean C =
|Jan low C = 2.1
|Feb low C = 4.3
|Mar low C = 7.9
|Apr low C = 13.9
|May low C = 18.6
|Jun low C = 22.4
|Jul low C = 25.5
|Aug low C = 24.8
|Sep low C = 20.3
|Oct low C = 14.8
|Nov low C = 9.1
|Dec low C = 3.9
|Jan record high C = 23.9 |Jan record low C = -7.6
|Feb record high C = 29.9 |Feb record low C = -9.3
|Mar record high C = 32.8 |Mar record low C = -2.4
|Apr record high C = 35.7 |Apr record low C = 2.1
|May record high C = 35.7 |May record low C = 9.6
|Jun record high C = 37.6 |Jun record low C = 13.1
|Jul record high C = 39.6 |Jul record low C = 19.4
|Aug record high C = 41.2 |Aug record low C = 16.7
|Sep record high C = 38.0 |Sep record low C = 11.6
|Oct record high C = 35.2 |Oct record low C = 2.2
|Nov record high C = 31.6 |Nov record low C = -2.0
|Dec record high C = 24.2 |Dec record low C = -10.8
|year high C= |year low C=
|year high F = |year low F =
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 74.1
|Feb precipitation mm = 94.6
|Mar precipitation mm = 146.9
|Apr precipitation mm = 197.7
|May precipitation mm = 189.3
|Jun precipitation mm = 212.8
|Jul precipitation mm = 138.7
|Aug precipitation mm = 114.0
|Sep precipitation mm = 77.1
|Oct precipitation mm = 76.1
|Nov precipitation mm = 80.3
|Dec precipitation mm = 49.0
|Jan humidity = 81
|Feb humidity = 81
|Mar humidity = 81
|Apr humidity = 80
|May humidity = 79
|Jun humidity = 82
|Jul humidity = 75
|Aug humidity = 78
|Sep humidity = 80
|Oct humidity = 80
|Nov humidity = 78
|Dec humidity = 76
| source 1 = China Meteorological Data Service Center[13]
}}

Rivers

The Wei River flows through Ningxiang County and has seven major tributaries: Huangjuan River, Duan River, Mei River, Tiechong River, Yutang River, Chu River and Wu River.

The Jin River flows through Ningxiang County to Xiangtan, is one of the largest tributaries of the Xiang River.

Lakes and reservoirs

The Huangcai Reservoir, also known as "Qingyang Lake", is a large reservoir located in the northwestern part of Ningxiang County. It is the largest body of water in Ningxiang County and the largest reservoir in Ningxiang County.

The Tianping Reservoir, also known as "Qingshan Lake", is a large reservoir located in the western part of Ningxiang County. It is the second largest body of water in Ningxiang County and the second largest reservoir in Ningxiang County.

{{wide image|Huangcai Reservoir 102.jpg|1000px|
The Huangcai Reservoir.
}}{{wide image|Puji Temple,Ningxiang County Panorama 02.jpg|1000px|
The Tianping Reservoir.
}}

Mountains

{{Main|List of mountains in Ningxiang}}

The highest natural elevation in Ningxiang County is 1071m at Wazizhai ({{lang|zh-Hans-CN|瓦子寨}}).

Government

{{main|Politics of Ningxiang}}

The current CPC Party Secretary of Ningxiang is Zhou Hui and the current Mayor is Fu Xuming. He Yinghui is the Chairmen of Ningxiang People's Congress, which is the equal of Head of Parliament. The Chairmen of CPPCC Ningxiang Committee is Deng Jieping.

Economy

Ningxiang is one of the most developed counties in Hunan, it ranked the 62nd in the Top100 of counties and county-level ciities of China by comprehensive strength in 2016.[14] It is one of the best developed manufacturing counties and county-level cities in the province, the manufacturing industry is its economic pillar. Ningxiang's economic engines are food and beverage, Advanced equipment manufacturing, new materials, modern services industry, machinery manufacture and clothing. For example, of 2015, the gross domestic product of Ningxiang County was CN￥100.22 billion (US$16.09 billion), Of this total, the value added of the manufacturing industry was CN￥61.31 billion (US$9.84 billion), shares 61.18 percentage of its GDP.[15]

Ningxiang County has a variety of industries, such as the Wangbuliao Clothing, Sundance Clothing, Tsingtao Brewery, {{Interlanguage link multi|Jiajia Food|zh|3=加加食品}}, and Sany. The county's manufacturering products include paper, technological equipment, automobiles, food, clothing and other goods. The service sector of the county's economy includes things like banking, health care, construction, communications, education, tourism and government. Tourism comprises a large part of Ningxiang County's economy, with 20 million visitors spending ￥2 billion in 2014.

According to preliminary accounting of the statistical authority, the gross domestic product of Ningxiang City in 2017 was 122,445 million yuan (18,135 million US dollars), up by 10.3 percent over the previous year. Of this total, the value added of the primary industry was 12,382 million yuan (1,834 million US dollars), up by 3.9 percent, that of the secondary industry was 80,666 million yuan (11,947 million US dollars), up by 10.6 percent and that of the tertiary industry was 29,397 million yuan (4,354 million US dollars), up by 12.5 percent. The value added of the primary industry accounted for 10.11 percent of the GDP; that of the secondary industry accounted for 65.88 percent; and that of the tertiary industry accounted for 24.01 percent. The per capita GDP in 2017 was 96,118 yuan (14,236 US dollars).[16]

Development zone

The Ningxiang Economic and Technological Development Zone (NETZ) consists of parts of Chengjiao, Shuangjiangkou and Jinghuapu of Ningxiang County. It was created on 10 January 1998 and upgraded to an ETZ at state level On 11 November 2010. The main industries in the zone consists of Food and Drink, Advanced Material, advanced equipment manufacturing, health product and cosmetics. As of 2016, its builtup area covers {{convert|25|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}, the total gross output of scale-sized industries hits 97.07 billion yuan (US$14.61 billion).[17]

Demographics

Population

As of 2012, the National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China estimates the county's population now to be 1,368,117.

Language

Mandarin is the official language. The local people speak both Changsha dialect and {{Interlanguage link multi|Ningxiang dialect|zh|3=宁乡话}}.

Religion

The county government supports all religious. As of 2015, the majority of Ningxiang people are atheists. Most of Ningxiang people are worship Chinese folk religion. Only 3% of Ningxiang people belong to Buddhists, 1% are Taoists, 1% are Roman Catholics and Protestants.

Education

Ningxiang County has its own laws regulating education. The county government require young people to attend school. The age limits vary: six to fifteen. Every child in the county is guaranteed up to 9 years of education ({{zh | t=| s=九年义务教育| hp=|links=no}}). Filling classroom from kindergarten to the twelfth grade, they attend classes for an average of five hours a day, five days a week, until the beginning of the following summer.

Ningxiang County's students pass through several levels of schooling, and thus, several curricula, on their way to a high school diploma. They attend:

  • Elementary School. The Elementary School usually means grade 1 through 6. And grades 7, 8, and 9 make up what is called an "Elementary Middle School". Ningxiang County has more than 200 public schools and more than 100 public middle schools. Almost every elementary school provides instruction in these subjects: Chinese language (it includes reading, grammar, composition, and literature), English language, mathematics, science, history, geography, biology, ideological and political, computer, art, music, and physical education.
  • Secondary School. The Secondary School generally means grade 10-12. These grades are popularly called "High School". Secondary schools offer these subjects: Chinese language, English language, mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, history, geography, political, computer, and physical education. Ningxiang County has 16 public high schools.

Transportation

Rail

The Luoyang–Zhanjiang Railway, more commonly known as "Luzan Railway", from Luoyang City, Henan Province to Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province, through Ningxiang.[18]

The Shanghai–Kunming high-speed railway passes through the southeastern Ningxiang's Datunying Town and Daolin Town.[18]

The Shimen–Changsha railway passes across the northeastern Ningxiang's Jinzhou Town and Chengjiao Subdistrict.[18]

Expressway

The G5513 Changsha–Zhangjiajie Expressway runs west to east through Chengjiao Subdistrict and Jinzhou Town.[18]

The S71 Yiyang–Loudi–Hengyang Expressway, also popularly known as "Yilouheng Expressway", runs north-south through western Ningxiang, passing through the towns of Qingshanqiao, Liushahe, Laoliangcang, Hengshi, Yujia'ao to Yiyang connects to S50 Changsha–Shaoshan–Loudi Expressway at Fanjiang Town of Xiangxiang.[18]

The S50 Changsha–Shaoshan–Loudi Expressway, locally known as "Changshaolou Expressway", travels through the southern Ningxiang, leading eastwards to Yuelu District of Changsha and westwards to Louxing District of Loudi.[18]

The Shaoshan Expressway passes north through Datunying Town and connects to S50 Changsha–Shaoshan–Loudi Expressway at Huaminglou Town.[18]

National Highway

The National Highway G319, commonly abbreviated as "G319", is a northwest-southeast highway passing through the city’s downtown, commercial, and industrial districts in the eastern part of the city.[18]

Provincial Highway

The Provincial Highway S206 passes through the northern Ningxiang's Jinghuapu Township and Meitanba Town.[18]

The Provincial Highway S208 runs north to south through the eastern Ningxiang's Lijingpu Subdistrict, Xiaduopu Town, Batang Town, Donghutang Town, and Datunying Town.[18]

The Provincial Highway S209 is a major northeast-southwest highway that runs through many of towns and subdistricts in Ningxiang, such as Yutan Subdistrict, Baimaqiao Subdistrict, Huilongpu Town, Dachengqiao Town, Shuangfupu Town, Hengshi Town, Laoliangcang Town, Liushahe Town, and Qingshanqiao Town.[18]

The Provincial Highway S311, runs southeast to northwest through southwestern Ningxiang, and is connected to Provincial Highway S209 at Qingshanqiao Town.[18]

Culture

Huaguxi is the most influence local theater.

Tourism

Ningxiang County's most visited Buddhism temple is Miyin Temple, which was built in Tang dynasty in Weishan Township, the county is also known for Puji Temple and Shangliu Temple in Qingshanqiao Town, and Baiyun Temple in Huilong Mountain.

Huitang Hot Spring is a popular attraction.

Former Residence of Liu Shaoqi, Former Residence of Xie Juezai and Former Residence of He Shuheng are well known tourist spots.

Notable people

{{Main|Category:People from Ningxiang}}

Ningxiang County is the birthplace of:

{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
  • Gan Siqi - one of only 57 generals bestowed the honour of being a "founding general" of the People's Republic of China.
  • He Shuheng - a proletarian revolutionary in modern China.
  • Huang Yali - a pop singer who earned sixth place in the 2006 Super Girl contest.
  • Ray Huang - a historian and philosopher best known in his later years for the idea of macro-history.
  • Li Zehou - a scholar of philosophy and intellectual history who currently resides in the United States.
  • Liu Shaoqi - a former president of the People's Republic of China. His former residence is now a museum.
  • Liu Yuan - one of sons of Liu Shaoqi, a general and the political commissar of the People's Liberation Army General Logistics Department.
  • Lu Diping - a military general and politician.
  • Lu Li - a gymnast best known for her gold medal on the uneven bars in the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona.
  • Qi Xueqi - a famous Anti-Japanese commander of the Kuomintang (KMT).
  • Tang Sulan - a writer and politician.
  • Tao Zhiyue - a Kuomintang general during the Second Anti-Japanese War.
  • Tong Enzheng - an archaeologist, historian, designer, and science fiction author.
  • Xiang Zhejun - a jurist and prosecutor at International Military Tribunal for the Far East.
  • Xie Juezai - former Deputy Secretary of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection.
  • Xie Fei - son of Xue Juezai, a world-recognized Chinese film director.
  • Ye Xiaowen - former director of the State Administration for Religious Affairs
  • Zhou Guangzhao - former President of Chinese Academy of Sciences.
  • Zhou Shuguang - a blogger and citizen journalist best known for traveling around China to document injustice done to citizens.
{{div col end}}

Footnotes

1. ^{{cite news|author= |url=http://hn.rednet.cn/c/2015/01/14/3575265.htm |script-title=zh:宁乡县十六届人大四次会议开幕 |newspaper=Red.net|date= 2015-01-14 |language= |location=Changsha}}
2. ^{{cite news|author= |url=http://www.nxgov.com/zfmh/tmzf/tjsj/zxtjbgnj/content_62557.html|script-title=zh:宁乡县第六次全国人口普查主要数据公报 |newspaper=Ningxiang Government |date=2012-08-30 |language=zh |location=}}
3. ^{{cite news |author= |url=http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/tjbz/xzqhdm/201401/t20140116_501070.html |script-title=zh:最新县及县以上行政区划代码（截止2013年8月31日） |newspaper= |date=2014-01-17 |language=zh |location= |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161120232849/http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/tjbz/xzqhdm/201401/t20140116_501070.html |archivedate=2016-11-20 |df= }}
4. ^{{cite news|author= |url=http://hn.rednet.cn/c/2014/01/10/3248134.htm |script-title=zh: 宁乡县被正式命名为“国家卫生县城”|newspaper= Red.net|date=2014-01-04 |language=zh |location=Changsha}}
5. ^1 Changsha Yearly Book 2015 (长沙统计年鉴2015)
6. ^1 According to the result on adjustment of township-level administrative divisions of Liuyang city on November 19, 2015: changshamca.gov (2015-11-27): 《长沙市人民政府关于调整望城区部分乡镇区划的通知》, rednet (2015-11-19): 《湖南省民政厅关于同意长沙市望城区乡镇区划调整方案的批复》(湘民行发〔2015〕39号), also see: rednet (2015-12-03): 《长沙正式对有关区县市下发通知调整乡镇行政区划》
7. ^Cambridge History of Ancient China, 1999:209
8. ^{{cite web|author=|year=|url=http://www.china.org.cn/english/features/Archaeology/149496.htm#5|title=Ruins from the Western Zhou Period, Tanheli, Ningxiang County, Hunan Province|publisher=www.china.org|accessdate=2008-01-28}}
9. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 {{cite book |author1=Huang Haichao|author2=Jiang Hongzhao|script-title=zh:《宁乡史地》|trans-title=History and geography of Ningxiang County|year=2002|publisher=Nanfang Publishing House|location=Hainan|pages=|isbn=7-80660-538-X|language =zh}}
10. ^{{cite news|author= |url=http://news.ifeng.com/a/20170412/50926065_0.shtml |script-title=zh:重磅！国务院批准宁乡撤县改市！|newspaper=iFeng |date=2017-04-12 |language=zh}}
11. ^{{cite news|author=Kuang Chunlin |url=http://hn.rednet.cn/c/2017/04/13/4264631.htm |script-title=zh:国务院批准宁乡撤县设市 由湖南省直辖长沙市代管|newspaper=rednet |date=2017-04-13 |language=zh}}
12. ^rednet (2015-12-04): 《湖南省民政厅关于同意宁乡县乡镇区划调整方案的批复》(湘民行发〔2015〕40号) also see: rednet (2015-12-03): 《长沙昨日下发通知调整乡镇行政区划 合并乡镇20个》
13. ^{{cite web| url = http://data.cma.cn/data/weatherBk.html|script-title=zh:中国地面气候标准值月值(1981-2010)| publisher = China Meteorological Data Service Center| language = zh-hans| accessdate = 20 October 2018}}
14. ^xinhuanet (7-Nov-16): 2016年全国综合实力百强县 or people.com (7-Nov-16)
15. ^the economy of Ningxiang County in 2015: according to 宁乡县2015年国民经济和社会发展统计公报
16. ^according to the Statistical Communiqué of Ningxiang City on the 2017 National Economic and Social Development / 宁乡市2017年国民经济和社会发展统计公报 see hntj.gov (2018-04-02) or changsha.gov (2018-04-03)
17. ^About Ningxiang ETZ - 宁乡经济技术开发区: nxdz.gov.cn
18. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 {{cite book |editor=Zhang Hong|script-chapter=zh:《宁乡市》|chapter=Ningxiang |script-title=zh:《中国分省系列地图册：湖南》|trans-title=Maps of Provinces in China: Hunan |year=2018 |publisher=SinoMaps Press |location=Xicheng District, Beijing |pages=34–35 |isbn=978-7-5031-8949-4|language=zh}}

External links

{{Commons category|Ningxiang}}
  • Ningxiang website (Chinese)
  • http://www.changsha.gov.cn/
{{Ningxiang Divisions of Hunan}}{{County-level divisions of Hunan}}

2 : Ningxiang|County-level divisions of Changsha
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