| 词条 | Nizhnevartovsk |
| 释义 |
|en_name=Nizhnevartovsk |ru_name=Нижневартовск |image_skyline= Nizhnevartovsk, lake Komsomolskoye skyline.jpg |image_caption=Lake Komsomolskoye skyline |coordinates={{coord|60|57|N|76|36|E|display=inline,title}} |map_label_position=top |image_coa=Coat_of_Arms_of_Nizhnevartovsk_(Khanty-Mansia).svg |coa_caption= |image_flag=Flag of Nizhnevartovsk (Khanty-Mansia).svg |flag_caption= |anthem= |anthem_ref= |holiday=March 9 |holiday_ref= |federal_subject=Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug |federal_subject_ref=[1] |adm_data_as_of=December 2009 |adm_city_jur=city of okrug significance of Nizhnevartovsk |adm_city_jur_ref=[1] |adm_ctr_of1=Nizhnevartovsky District |adm_ctr_of1_ref=[1] |adm_ctr_of2=city of okrug significance of Nizhnevartovsk |adm_ctr_of2_ref=[1] |inhabloc_cat=City |inhabloc_cat_ref=[1] |mun_data_as_of=January 2017 |urban_okrug_jur=Nizhnevartovsk Urban Okrug |urban_okrug_jur_ref=[6] |mun_admctr_of1=Nizhnevartovsk Urban Okrug |mun_admctr_of1_ref=[6] |mun_admctr_of2=Nizhnevartovsky Municipal District |mun_admctr_of2_ref=[6] |leader_title=Mayor |leader_title_ref=[1] |leader_name=Vasily Tikhonov |leader_name_ref=[1] |representative_body=City Duma |representative_body_ref=[2] |area_of_what= |area_as_of= |area_km2=271.319 |area_km2_ref=[3] |pop_2010census=251694 |pop_2010census_rank=73rd |pop_2010census_ref=[13] |pop_density= |pop_density_as_of= |pop_density_ref= |pop_latest= |pop_latest_date= |pop_latest_ref= |established_date=1909 |established_title= |established_date_ref= |current_cat_date=March 9, 1972 |current_cat_date_ref= |prev_name1= |prev_name1_date= |prev_name1_ref= |postal_codes=628600-628624 |postal_codes_ref= |dialing_codes=3466 |dialing_codes_ref= |website=http://www.n-vartovsk.ru |website_ref= |date=May 2010 }} Nizhnevartovsk ({{lang-rus|Нижневартовск|p=nʲɪʐnʲɪˈvartəfsk}}) is a city in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Russia. Since the 1960s, the Western Siberian oil boom led to Nizhnevartovsk's rapid growth from a small settlement to a city due to its location beside the Samotlor oil field along the right bank of the Ob River, {{convert|30|km|sp=us}} from the border with Tomsk Oblast, and the presence of the petroleum industry has made it one of the wealthiest cities in Russia. Nizhnevartovsk is one of the few cities in Russia that exceeds the population of the administrative center of its federal subject: 251,694 (2010 Census);[4] 239,044 (2002 Census);[5] {{su-census1989|241,457|.}} HistoryNizhnevartovsk was founded in 1909, built as a service point for merchant steamships operating on the Ob River to acquire stocks of firewood to power their boats. The new village had five homes with a population of eleven people, and was named Nizhnevartovskoye ({{lang|ru|Нижневартовское}}), in reference to the Vartovskaya River, a tributary of the Ob located {{convert|180|verst}} downstream. In early 1924, Nizhnevartovsky Selsoviet was formed. Nizhnevartovsk remained a relatively small settlement until the 1960s when the Soviet authorities began widespread prospecting for the petroleum industry in the Western Siberia region, discovering the Samotlor oil field, one of the largest oil fields in the world, beneath the nearby Lake Samoltor to the north of Nizhnevartovsk. The discovery saw its rapid development and growth from a large village to a boomtown, Komsomol volunteers were brought in from across the country to construct the city, and Nizhnevartovsk's population skyrocketed from 2300 people in 1959 to 15,663 in 1970. Town status was granted to Nizhnevartovsk on March 9, 1972.{{citation needed|date=May 2010}} GeographyLocationNizhnevartovsk is situated in the Sredneobskaya Lowland of West Siberian Plain, in the middle course of the Ob River on its northern bank. Geographical coordinates are {{coord|60|57|00|N|76|36|00|E|type:city(240100)_region:RU}}. ClimateUnder the Köppen climate classification, using the {{convert|0|°C|0}} isotherm, Nizhnevartovsk features a boreal climate (Dfc). Winters are cold and humid, and prevailing wind patterns that blow from the South. The daily mean temperature in January, the city's coldest month, is {{convert|-25.8|°C|1}}. Summers are typically warm and humid, but short, with a daily mean temperature of {{convert|18.2|°C|1}} in July. Transitional seasons are short. The city receives {{convert|400–620|mm|sigfig=3}} of precipitation annually, mostly spread throughout the summer months. Average winter snowfall is {{convert|70–80|cm|in|1}}; this varies considerably from year to year. Administrative and municipal divisionsWithin the framework of administrative divisions, Nizhnevartovsk serves as the administrative center of Nizhnevartovsky District, even though it is not a part of it.[6] As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as the city of okrug significance of Nizhnevartovsk—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[6] As a municipal division, the city of okrug significance of Nizhnevartovsk is incorporated as Nizhnevartovsk Urban Okrug.[7] EconomyNizhnevartovsk is the center of the West Siberian oil-producing region and one of the wealthiest cities in the country. Notable people
In popular cultureNizhnevartovsk features prominently in the opening of Tom Clancy's novel Red Storm Rising, which details a hypothetical war between NATO and the Warsaw Pact. In the novel, Nizhnevartovsk is depicted as a significant center for petroleum in the Soviet Union until it is sabotaged, causing a major economic crisis which triggers World War III. GalleryReferencesNotes1. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://nv86.ru/news/politics/840239/|title=A new mayor has been elected|date=2016-10-25|publisher=nv86.ru|language=Russian}} 2. ^ 3. ^Социальный паспорт города Нижневартовска по состоянию на 01.01.2012 года. Официальный сайт органов местного самоуправления города Нижневартовска 4. ^1 {{ru-pop-ref|2010Census}} 5. ^{{ru-pop-ref|2002Census}} 6. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 Law #43-oz 7. ^1 2 3 Law #63-oz Sources
External links
1 : Cities and towns in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug |
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