“1831 in Scotland”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Events

Spring – the 12th-century Lewis chessmen are found in a sand-bank on the Isle of Lewis.

19–21 March – one of Goldsworthy Gurney’s steam road coaches runs from Edinburgh to Glasgow.^[1]

May – Wellington Suspension Bridge over River Dee at Aberdeen opened to all traffic.

10 May – first steam locomotive to be built in Glasgow completed by Murdoch, Aitken & Co. for the Monkland and Kirkintilloch Railway.^[2]

Mid-May – mineral traffic over Garnkirk and Glasgow Railway commences.^[3]

1 June

A regular horse-drawn passenger service between Leaend at Airdrie and Glasgow over the Ballochney, Monkland and Kirkintilloch and Garnkirk and Glasgow Railways commences.^[3]
One of Goldsworthy Gurney’s steam road coaches suffers a boiler explosion in Glasgow.^[4]

6 June – first iron steamboat to be launched on the River Clyde, Fairy Queen by John Neilson & Sons.^[5]

4 July – opening of first section of Edinburgh and Dalkeith Railway, from St Leonards to Craighall,^[6] including St Leonards Tunnel, Scotland's earliest tunnel on a public railway, and the early cast iron bridge at Braid Burn (erected in March).

August – the Dugald Stewart Monument in Edinburgh, designed by W. H. Playfair, is completed.

27 September – formal opening of Garnkirk and Glasgow Railway: locomotive St Rollox hauls Scotland’s first steam-worked passenger train from the Townhead terminus at Glasgow to Gartsherrie.^[3]

16 December – opening of first section of Dundee and Newtyle Railway, the first public railway in the north of Scotland (horse worked).^[7]

23 December – the second cholera pandemic (1829–51) reaches Scotland.^[8]

The Ardrossan and Johnstone Railway opens as a waggonway from Johnstone to Kilwinning.^[9]

Dunnet Head lighthouse, designed by Robert Stevenson, is built.

North Church in Aberdeen, designed by John Smith, is opened.

The Burns Monument, Edinburgh (on Calton Hill), is designed by Thomas Hamilton.

William Wallace invents the eidograph.^[10]

Glenugie Distillery is established as Invernettie at Peterhead by Donald McLeod.^[11]

Births

31 January – Alexander Balmain Bruce, theologian (died 1899)

February – George Stewart, recipient of the Victoria Cross (died 1868 in England)

31 March – Archibald Scott Couper, organic chemist (died 1892)

2 April – David MacGibbon, architect (died 1902)

26 April – James Donaldson, classical scholar, educationalist and theological writer (died 1915)

28 April – Peter Tait, mathematical physicist (died 1901)

7 May – Richard Norman Shaw, architect (died 1912 in England)

28 May – Richard B. Angus, financier (died 1922 in Canada)

13 June – James Clerk Maxwell, physicist (died 1879 in England)

24 June – Robert Wallace, writer and politician (died 1899 in England)

3 July – Edmund Yates, writer (died 1894 in England)

17 August – John McLaren, politician and judge (died 1910)

13 September – Andrew Noble, physicist (died 1915)

17 October – Isa Craig, née Knox, poet (died 1903 in England)

23 November – David MacKay, recipient of the Victoria Cross (died 1880)

25 December – John Bartholomew, cartographer (died 1893)

Deaths

14 January – Henry Mackenzie, novelist (born 1745)

4 February – William Ritchie, newspaper editor (born 1781)

14 February – Robert Brown, agriculturalist (born 1757)

22 March – William Symington, engineer and steamboat builder (born 1764; died in London)

May – James Campbell, army officer (born 1745)

1 July – Archibald Cochrane, 9th Earl of Dundonald, industrial chemist (born 1748; died in Paris)

16 August – Sir Hugh Innes, politician (born c. 1764)

17 August – Patrick Nasmyth, landscape painter (born 1787)

Joseph Lowe, economist

References

1. ^The Glasgow Herald 25 March 1831.
2. ^The Glasgow Courier 12 May 1831.
3. ^¹²{{cite book|first=Don|last=Martin|title=The Garnkirk & Glasgow Railway|publisher=Strathkelvin District Libraries & Museums|series=Auld Kirk Museum Publications, no. 6|year=1981|isbn=0-904966-06-2|pages=14–19}}
4. ^The Glasgow Courier 4 June 1831.
5. ^The Glasgow Herald 10 June 1831.
6. ^{{cite book|first=John|last=Thomas|authorlink=John Thomas (author)|title=A regional history of the railways of Great Britain, volume VI: Scotland – the Lowlands and the Borders|location=Newton Abbot|publisher=David & Charles|year=1971|isbn=0-7153-5408-6|page=234}}
7. ^{{Awdry-RailCo}}
8. ^{{cite web|title=Chronology of Scottish History|work=A Timeline of Scottish History|publisher=Rampant Scotland|url=http://www.rampantscotland.com/timeline/1899.htm|accessdate=2014-07-30}}
9. ^{{cite book|last=Lewin, Henry Grote|year=1925|title=Early British Railways: A short history of their origin and development 1801–1844|location=London|publisher=The Locomotive Publishing Co|oclc=11064369|pages=17–18}}
10. ^{{cite book|last1=Waterston|first1=Charles D.|last2=Shearer|first2=A. Macmillan|title=Former Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 1783–2002: Biographical Index|url=http://www.rse.org.uk/cms/files/fellows/biographical_index/fells_indexp2.pdf|format=PDF|accessdate=2012-01-23|volume=2|page=964 |publisher=Royal Society of Edinburgh|isbn=978-0-902198-84-5 |date=July 2006}}
11. ^{{cite book|title=The Wordsworth Dictionary of Drink|last=Halley|first=Ned|year=2005|location=Ware|publisher=Wordsworth Editions|isbn=978-1-84022-302-6|page=257|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5X6oVI-qngwC&pg=PA257&dq=Glenugie&as_brr=3&client=firefox-a&sig=ACfU3U1Ux9z2XBBsmmK0B6gAMVvYdP9mYg|accessdate=2008-09-13}}
12. ^{{cite book|editor=Cox, Michael|title=The Concise Oxford Chronology of English Literature|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2004|isbn=0-19-860634-6}}

3 : 1831 in Scotland|1831 in the United Kingdom|1830s in Scotland

Incumbents

Law officers

Judiciary

Events

Births

Deaths

The arts

See also

References