“1908 Haggerston by-election”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

1908 Haggerston by-election

释义

Vacancy
Electoral history
Candidates
Campaign
Result
Aftermath
References

{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2014}}{{Use British English|date=January 2014}}{{Infobox election
|election_name=1908 Haggerston by-election
|type=presidential
|country=United Kingdom
|previous_election=Haggerston (UK Parliament constituency)#Elections in the 1900s
|previous_year=1906
|next_election=Haggerston (UK Parliament constituency)#Elections in the 1910s
|next_year=Jan. 1910
|election_date=1 August 1908
|candidate1=Guinness
|image1=
|party1=Conservative Party (UK)
|popular_vote1=2,867
|percentage1=51.4
|candidate2=Warren
|image2=
|party2=Liberal Party (UK)
|popular_vote2=1,724
|percentage2=30.9
|candidate3=Burrows
|image3=
|party3=Social Democratic Federation
|popular_vote3=986
|percentage3=17.7
|map_image=File:ShoreditchHag.png
|map_size=250px
|title=MP
|posttitle=Subsequent MP
|before_election=Randal Cremer
|before_party=Liberal Party (UK)
|after_election=Henry Chancellor
|after_party=Liberal Party (UK)
}}

The Haggerston by-election was a Parliamentary by-election. It returned one Member of Parliament to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post voting system.

Vacancy

Sir Randal Cremer the sitting member died on 22 July 1908. He had been Liberal MP for the seat of Haggerston since the 1900 General Election.

Electoral history

The seat had been Liberal since they gained it in 1900. They easily held the seat at the last election, with an increased majority;

{{Election box begin |
|title=General Election 1906: Shoreditch, Haggerston^[1]
}}{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = Randal Cremer
|votes = 2,772
|percentage = 53.9
|change = +3.6
}}{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Conservative Party (UK)
|candidate = Rupert Guinness
|votes = 2,371
|percentage = 46.1
|change = -3.6
}}{{Election box majority|
|votes = 401
|percentage = 7.8
|change = +7.2
}}{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 6,403
|percentage = 80.3
|change = +13.1
}}{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner = Liberal Party (UK)
|swing = +3.6
}}{{Election box end}}

No Labour Party or Socialist candidate had ever stood. At the London County Council election, 1907 The Conservative backed Municipal Reform Party had gained Haggerston from the Liberal backed Progressive Party.

Candidates

The local Liberal Association selected Walter Richard Warren to defend the seat. He was standing for parliament for the first time.
The Conservatives retained 34-year-old Hon. Rupert Guinness as their candidate. He served as a captain in the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve and was commanding officer of HMS President (London Division RNVR) from 1903. He was standing for parliament for the second time, having lost here in 1906. However, in 1907 he experienced electoral success in Haggerston when he was one of the two Municipal Reform candidates elected to serve on the London County Council
The Socialist Social Democratic Federation chose to intervene in the by-election, and fielded Herbert Burrows a 63-year-old former civil servant from Suffolk, one of the organisers of the Matchgirls Strike. He was standing for parliament for the first time.

Campaign

Polling Day was fixed for 30 June 1908.

Result

The Conservatives gained the seat on a swing of 10.25%;

{{Election box begin |
|title=Haggerston by-election, 1908^[2]
}}{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Conservative Party (UK)
|candidate = Rupert Guinness
|votes = 2,867
|percentage = 51.4
|change = -2.5
}}{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = Walter Richard Warren
|votes = 1,724
|percentage = 30.9
|change = -23.0
}}{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Social Democratic Federation
|candidate = Herbert Burrows
|votes = 986
|percentage = 17.7
|change = n/a
}}{{Election box majority|
|votes = 1,143
|percentage = 20.5
|change = 28.3
}}{{Election box turnout|
|votes =
|percentage =
|change =
}}{{Election box gain with party link|
|winner = Conservative Party (UK)
|loser = Liberal Party (UK)
|swing = +10.25
}}{{Election box end}}

The result was seen as a victory for Tariff Reform^[3] and a disappointment to the third party Social Democratic Federation.^[4]

Aftermath

Warren sought election to parliament at the next General Election at the Conservative seat of Wandsworth, without success. Guinness once again faced Burrows and a new Liberal candidate who defeated him;

{{Election box begin |
|title=General Election January 1910: Shoreditch, Haggerston^[5]
}}{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = Henry Chancellor
|votes = 3,041
|percentage = 48.0
|change = +17.1
}}{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Conservative Party (UK)
|candidate = Rupert Guinness
|votes = 2,586
|percentage = 40.9
|change = -10.5
}}{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Social Democratic Federation
|candidate = Herbert Burrows
|votes = 701
|percentage = 11.1
|change = -6.6
}}{{Election box majority|
|votes = 455
|percentage = 7.1
|change = 27.6
}}{{Election box turnout|
|votes =
|percentage =
|change =
}}{{Election box gain with party link|
|winner = Liberal Party (UK)
|loser = Conservative Party (UK)
|swing = +13.8
}}{{Election box end}}

Warren switched his attention to municipal politics and in March 1910, standing for the Liberal backed Progressive Party, he gained a seat from the Conservative backed Municipal Reform Party at Battersea in the London County Council election, 1910.

References

1. ^British parliamentary election results 1885-1918
2. ^British parliamentary election results 1885-1918
3. ^http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article90422285
4. ^http://archive.spectator.co.uk/article/8th-august-1908/2/the-polling-in-the-haggerston-division-of-shoredit
5. ^British parliamentary election results 1885-1918

3 : 1908 in England|1908 elections in the United Kingdom|By-elections to the Parliament of the United Kingdom in Hackney constituencies

随便看

开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。