“1911 Cambridge University by-election”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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1911 Cambridge University by-election

释义

Vacancy
Electoral history
Candidates
Campaign
Result
Aftermath
References

The Cambridge University by-election was a Parliamentary by-election. It returned two Member of Parliament to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post voting system.

Vacancy

Samuel Butcher had been Unionist MP for the seat of Cambridge University since the 1906 General Elections. He died on 29 December 1910 at the age of 60.

Electoral history

This was a safe Conservative constituency in which challenger rarely appeared. At both the General Elections in 1910, the two Conservative candidates were returned unopposed. The last contested election was in 1906 when one of the sitting Conservative MPs stood on a platform of Free Trade in opposition to the Unionist tariff reform policies:

{{Election box begin |
|title=General Election 18 January 1906: Cambridge University (2 seats)^[1]
}}{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Conservative Party (UK)
|candidate = Samuel Butcher
|votes = 3,050
|percentage = 39.7
|change = N/A
}}{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Conservative Party (UK)
|candidate = John Frederick Peel Rawlinson
|votes = 2,976
|percentage = 38.8
|change = N/A
}}{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Free Trade
|candidate = John Eldon Gorst
|votes = 1,653
|percentage = 21.5
|change = N/A
}}{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 4,063
|percentage = 65.8
|change = N/A
}}{{Election box end}}

Candidates

Fifty-four-year-old Sir Joseph Larmor was chosen by the Conservatives to defend the seat. He was the Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge. He was standing for parliament for the first time.
Fifty-two-year-old Harold Cox stood on the same Free Trade platform used by Gorst in 1906. Cox however was a former Liberal Party MP, having sat for Preston from 1906-10. He opposed many of the social reform policies of the Liberal government and was defeated at the January 1910 General Election, where Gorst was standing as an official Liberal candidate. Since then he was appointed by the Conservative backed Municipal Reform Party as an Alderman for the London County Council.
A third candidate appeared in the shape of Thomas Ethelbert Page, who also stood on a Conservative platform. He was standing for parliament for the first time.

Campaign

Polling took place over a five-day period from 11–16 February 1911.

Result

{{Election box begin |
|title=Cambridge University by-election, 1911^[2]
}}{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Conservative Party (UK)
|candidate = Joseph Larmor
|votes = 2,308
|percentage = 50.3
|change = N/A
}}{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Free Trade
|candidate = Harold Cox
|votes = 1,954
|percentage = 42.5
|change = N/A
}}{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Independent Conservative
|candidate = Thomas Ethelbert Page
|votes = 332
|percentage = 7.2
|change = N/A
}}{{Election box majority|
|votes = 354
|percentage = 7.8
|change = N/A
}}{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 7,129
|percentage = 64.4
|change = N/A
}}{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner = Conservative Party (UK)
|swing = N/A
}}{{Election box end}}

Aftermath

Larmoor was re-elected at the following General Election:

{{STV Election box begin2
|title = General Election 1918: Cambridge University (2 seats)^[3]
|numcounts = 2
}}{{STV Election box candidate2
|candidate = John Frederick Peel Rawlinson
|party = Coalition Conservative
|percentage = 35.16
|count1 = 2,034
|count2 =
}}{{STV Election box candidate2
|candidate = Joseph Larmor
|party = Coalition Conservative
|percentage = 32.69
|count1 = 1,891
|count2 = 1,986
}}{{STV Election box candidate2
|candidate = William Cecil Dampier Whetham
|party = Independent (politician)
|percentage = 21.09
|count1 = 1,220
|count2 = 1,229
}}{{STV Election box candidate2
|candidate = J. C. Squire
|party = Labour Party (UK)
|percentage = 11.06
|count1 = 640
|count2 = 641
}}{{STV Election box end2
|numcounts = 2
|electorate = 9,282
|valid = 5,785
|spoilt =
|quota = 1,929
|turnout = 62.32%
}}

References

1. ^British parliamentary election results 1885-1918 by Craig, F. W. S.
2. ^British parliamentary election results 1885-1918 by Craig, F. W. S.
3. ^British parliamentary election results 1885-1918 by Craig, F. W. S.

4 : 1911 in England|1911 elections in the United Kingdom|By-elections to the Parliament of the United Kingdom in Cambridge University|20th century in Cambridgeshire

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