词条 | 1911 Glasgow Tradeston by-election |
释义 |
Glasgow Tradeston constituency was created in 1885, and elected Liberal Archibald Corbett as their MP from then until he retired from the House of Commons in 1911 to take a seat in the House of Lords as 1st Baron Rowallan. Although Tradeston had consistently voted for Corbett, he did not consistently stand under the same label. In 1885 he stood as a Liberal against a Conservative. In 1886 following a split in the Liberal party he stood as a Liberal Unionist against a Liberal. Thereafter this was the normal contest until 1910. He had re-joined the Liberal party in 1908 but he did not win the official Liberal nomination in January 1910. This time standing as an Independent Liberal he scraped a victory against both Liberal and Conservative candidates. Then at the last general election, standing as the official Liberal candidate he won comfortably. The local Liberal association finally settled on J. D. White to defend the seat. He had been Liberal MP for Dunbartonshire before standing down at the last election. They had considered James Hogge and Junior Minister Charles Masterman, and settled on Masterman before he withdrew to contest the Bethnal Green South West by-election, 1911.[1] The new Unionist candidate was Conservative John Henry Watts, who had opposed James Keir Hardie at Merthyr Tydfil at the general election. The turnout was substantially down in the general election, meaning that while White won the seat for the Liberals with a massive swing of 17.6%, he received fewer votes than Corbett had. Due to the outbreak of war, the subsequent general election did not take place until 1918. The Unionist Henderson was the endorsed candidate of the Coalition Government, and won comfortably. After losing Glasgow Tradeston, White briefly joined the Labour party and stood as a Labour candidate on two occasions. Detailed election results{{Election box begin | title=General Election Dec 1910: Glasgow Tradeston[2]Electorate}} {{Election box candidate with party link||party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = Archibald Corbett |votes = 4,811 |percentage =60.5 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Unionist Party (UK) |candidate =Archibald Pollock Main |votes =3,137 |percentage =39.5 |change = }}{{Election box majority| |votes = |percentage =21.0 |change = }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = |percentage = |change = }}{{Election box hold with party link| |winner = Liberal Party (UK) |swing = }}{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin | title=Glasgow Tradeston by-election, 1911[2] Electorate }} {{Election box candidate with party link||party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = J. D. White |votes = 3,869 |percentage =78.1 |change =+17.6 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate =John Henry Watts |votes =1,086 |percentage =21.9 |change =-17.6 }}{{Election box majority| |votes =2,783 |percentage =56.2 |change =+35.2 }}{{Election box turnout| |votes =4,955 |percentage = |change = }}{{Election box hold with party link| |winner = Liberal Party (UK) |swing =+17.6 }}{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin | title=General Election 14 December 1918: Glasgow Tradeston[3] Electorate 35,960}} {{Election box candidate with party link||party = Unionist Party (Scotland) |candidate =Vivian Henderson |votes =12,250 |percentage = |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = British Socialist Party |candidate =James Dunlop MacDougall |votes =3,751 |percentage = |change =n/a }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = J. D. White |votes = 3,369 |percentage = |change = }}{{Election box majority| |votes =8,499 |percentage = |change = }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = |percentage = |change = }}{{Election box gain with party link| |winner = Unionist Party (Scotland) |loser = Liberal Party (UK) |swing =n/a }}{{Election box end}} References1. ^Liberal Nationalisms: Empire, State, and Civil Society in Scotland and Quebec By James Kennedy {{By-elections to the 30th UK Parliament}}2. ^1 Debrett's House of Commons and the Judicial Bench, 1916 3. ^British parliamentary election results 1885-1918 by Craig, F.W.S. (1974) 5 : 1911 elections in the United Kingdom|1911 in Scotland|By-elections to the Parliament of the United Kingdom in Glasgow constituencies|20th century in Glasgow|July 1911 events |
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