| 词条 | 1912 Hackney South by-election |
| 释义 |
The Hackney South by-election was a Parliamentary by-election. It returned one Member of Parliament to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post voting system. VacancyIn May 1912, Horatio Bottomley, the controversial Liberal MP for Hackney South, was forced to his resign his seat when he was declared bankrupt. Bottomley had been unpopular with a large portion of the party's activists in Hackney, who had run their own candidate against him in December 1910. Electoral history{{Election box begin | title=General Election December 1910: Hackney South[1]}}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Independent (politician) |candidate = Horatio Bottomley |votes = 5,068 |percentage =59.2 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate =Sydney Charles Nettleton King-Farlow |votes =3,243 |percentage =31.6 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = Richard Roberts |votes = 1,946 |percentage =19.0 |change = }}{{Election box majority| |votes = |percentage =27.6 |change = }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = |percentage = |change = }}{{Election box hold with party link| |winner = Independent (politician) |swing = }}{{Election box end}} CandidatesThe two Liberal factions came together to nominate Hector Morison for the vacancy.[2] Morison was a 62-year-old Scottish member of the London Stock Exchange. He was also a former Member of Parliament, he had sat for Eastbourne from January to December 1910, when he was defeated.[3] The Unionists selected John Constant Gibson, a 51-year-old Scottish businessman.[4] Result{{Election box begin | title=Hackney South by-election, 1912[5]}}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = Hector Morison |votes = 5,339 |percentage =52.5 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate =John Constant Gibson |votes =4,836 |percentage =47.5 |change = }}{{Election box majority| |votes =503 |percentage =5.0 |change = }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = |percentage =70.1 |change = }}{{Election box gain with party link| |winner = Liberal Party (UK) |loser = Independent (politician) |swing = }}{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin | title=General Election 14 December 1918: Hackney South[6] }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Independent (politician) |candidate = Horatio Bottomley |votes =11,145 |percentage =79.7 |change =n/a }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = *Arthur Henri |votes = 2,830 |percentage =20.3 |change = }}{{Election box majority| |votes =8,315 |percentage =59.4 |change = }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = |percentage = |change = }}{{Election box gain with party link| |winner = Independent (politician) |loser = Liberal Party (UK) |swing = }}{{Election box end}}
AftermathMorison served only one term as a member of the Commons. He chose to retire at the next general election in 1918. Horatio Bottomley, whose bankruptcy had been annulled, regained the Hackney South seat as an independent though he would later be expelled again, leading to the 1922 Hackney South by-election. References1. ^Craig, F. W. S. (1974). British parliamentary election results 1885-1918 {{By-elections to the 30th UK Parliament}}2. ^{{cite news |title=Resignation Of Mr. Bottomley. A By-Election In Hackney |work=The Times |page=7 |date=17 May 1912}} 3. ^Who's Who 4. ^Who's Who 5. ^Craig, F. W. S. (1974). British parliamentary election results 1885-1918 6. ^Craig, F. W. S. (1974). British parliamentary election results 1885-1918 3 : By-elections to the Parliament of the United Kingdom in Hackney constituencies|1912 elections in the United Kingdom|1912 in London |
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