| 词条 | 1913 United States Senate special election in Maryland |
| 释义 |
A Special Election to the United States Senate was held in Maryland on November 4, 1913 to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Sen. Isidor Rayner (a Democrat). The election was historic in that it was the first Senate election held under the Seventeenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, which required direct election of senators. Blair Lee I, a Democrat and former state senator, became the first U.S. Senator directly elected by the people of a state under the Constitution's provisions (although other states had previously elected senators indirectly through party primaries and popular elections, which were then ratified by the state legislature).[1] The election led to a controversy when the incumbent who had been appointed to fill Rayner's seat, Republican William P. Jackson, refused to give up his seat to Lee. Jackson claimed that "since he had been appointed under the original constitutional provision, he was entitled to hold his seat until the regularly scheduled adjournment date of the Maryland state assembly." [2]The Senate considered Jackson's challenge but eventually rejected it and seated Lee. Results{{Election box begin | title=1913 Maryland U.S. Senate special election[3]}}{{Election box winning candidate with party link| party = Democratic Party (US) | candidate = Blair Lee | votes = 112,485 | percentage = {{percentage|112485|198205|2}} | change = n/a }}{{Election box candidate with party link |party = Republican Party (US) |candidate = Thomas Parran, Sr. |votes = 73,300 |percentage = {{percentage|73300|198205|2}} |change = n/a }}{{Election box candidate |party = Progressive Party |candidate = George Wellington |votes = 7,033 |percentage = {{percentage|7033|198205|2}} |change = n/a }}{{Election box candidate |party = Socialist Party |candidate = Robert Fields |votes = 2,982 |percentage = {{percentage|2982|198205|2}} |change = n/a }}{{Election box candidate |party = Prohibition Party |candidate = Finley Hendrickson |votes = 2,405 |percentage = {{percentage|2405|198205|2}} |change = n/a }}{{Election box turnout |votes = 198,205 |percentage = |change = }}{{Election box end}} References1. ^[https://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/common/briefing/Direct_Election_Senators.htm Direct Election of Senators] 2. ^[https://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/common/contested_elections/099Jackson_Lee.htm The Election Case of William P. Jackson v. Blair Lee of Maryland (1914)] 3. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=qb0-AAAAYAAJ&pg=PA42&lpg=PA42&dq=%22first+popular+election+for+the+united+states+senate%22+november+4,+1913&source=bl&ots=d3YhGyYmsH&sig=JaRrY1qiuYskqshITMXZxdPUMtI&hl=en&sa=X&ei=J-pfUtzpI4_-8QSH0oBo&ved=0CDMQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=%22first%20popular%20election%20for%20the%20united%20states%20senate%22%20november%204%2C%201913&f=false Congressional Directory, vol. 65, p. 42] 5 : United States Senate elections in Maryland|United States Senate special elections|1913 Maryland elections|1913 United States Senate elections|Special elections to the 63rd United States Congress |
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