| 词条 | 1957 Kerala Legislative Assembly election |
| 释义 |
| election_name = Kerala Legislative Assembly election, 1957 | country = India | type = parliamentary | vote_type = Popular | ongoing = no | election_date = 28 February – 11 March 1957 | elected_members = | next_election = Kerala Legislative Assembly election, 1960 | next_year = 1960 | seats_for_election= All 126 seats in the Kerala Legislative Assembly | majority_seats = 64 | registered = | turnout = 65.49% | image1 = | leader1 = E. M. S. Namboodiripad | party1 = Communist Party of India | alliance1 = | leader_since1 = | leaders_seat1 = Nileshwaram | seats_needed1 = | seats1 = 60 | popular_vote1 = 20,59,547 | percentage1 = 35.28% | image2 = | leader2 = | party2 = Indian National Congress | leader_since2 = | leaders_seat2 = | seats2 = 43 | popular_vote2 = 22,09,251 | percentage2 = 37.85% | image3 = | leader3 = | party3 = Praja Socialist Party | leader_since3 = | leaders_seat3 = | seats3 = 9 | popular_vote3 = 6,28,261 | percentage3 = 10.76% | map_image = | map_size = | map_alt = | map = | map_caption = | title = Chief Minister | before_election = Position established | posttitle = Chief Minister | after_election = E. M. S. Namboodiripad | after_party = Communist Party of India }} The Kerala Legislative Assembly election of 1957 was the first assembly election in the Indian state of Kerala. The Communist Party of India won the election with 60 seats. The election led to the formation of first democratically elected communist government in India[1] and second in the world after San Marino.[2] State ReorganizationOn 1 November 1956, under the States Reorganisation Act, 1956, Kerala was formed by the merger of Travancore-Cochin state with the Malabar district (including Fort Cochin and the Laccadive Islands) of Madras State, Kasaragod taluk of the South Canara district and the Amindive Islands. The southern part of Travancore-Cochin, the five taluks of Agastheeswaram, Thovala, Kalkulam, Vilavahcode and Shencotta, were transferred from Travancore-Cochin to the Madras State.[3] After the reorganization, the assembly constituencies increased from 106 with 117 seats in 1954 to 114 with 126 seats in 1957. BackgroundFollowing the States Reorganisation Act, 1956, the Malabar District of Madras state merged with Travancore-Cochin to form the new state of Kerala on 1 November 1956. The merger helped the Communist Party of India to increase their base in the region.[4] The ruling Indian National Congress lost the prominence due to the factionalism within the party.[5] Furthermore, communalism and struggles against feudalism played a major role.[4][6] ElectionThe Election Commission of India conducted elections to the newly created state between 28 February – 11 March 1957.[7] The elections were held to the 126 seats (114 constituencies) including 12 two member constituencies of which 11 and one reserved for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes respectively, in which 406 candidates were contested. The voter turnout was 65.49%.[8] ResultsThe result of the elections listed below: {{Kerala Legislative Assembly election, 1957}}In the election, five women candidates were elected out of nine candidates.[8][9] Government formationCommunist Party of India formed the government with the support of five independents.[10] On 5 April 1957, E. M. S. Namboodiripad became the chief minister of Kerala and first non–Congress chief minister of the country (PSP ruled Travencore Cochin state before). But the government was dismissed in 1959 by the central government following the Liberation Struggle.[11] See also
References1. ^{{cite book|author=James Manor|title=Nehru to the Nineties: The Changing Office of Prime Minister in India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=X90G8gnoqv4C&pg=PA210|year=1994|publisher=C. Hurst & Co. Publishers|isbn=978-1-85065-180-2|pages=210}} {{Kerala elections}}2. ^{{cite book|author=Thomas Johnson Nossiter|title=Communism in Kerala: A Study in Political Adaptation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8CSQUxVjjWQC&pg=PA1|date=1 January 1982|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-04667-2|pages=1}} 3. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.epw.in/system/files/pdf/1955_7/42/reorganisation_of_statesthe_approach_and_arrangements.pdf | title=Reorganisation of States, 1955 | publisher=The Economic Weekly | date=15 October 1955 | accessdate=25 July 2015}} 4. ^1 {{cite book|author=P Radhakrishnan|title=Peasant Struggles, Land Reforms and Social Change: Malabar 1836–1982|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PAxzWmBN-HkC&pg=PA71|publisher=Radhakrishnan|isbn=978-1-906083-16-8|pages=71}} 5. ^{{cite book|author=G. Radhakrishna Kurup|title=Politics of Congress Factionalism in Kerala Since 1982|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rPxpuw-tTBIC&pg=PA43|year=2004|publisher=Gyan Publishing House|isbn=978-81-7835-284-8|pages=43}} 6. ^{{cite book|title=Communal Road to a Secular Kerala|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1TuPeXFP0WgC&pg=PA145|date=1 January 1989|publisher=Concept Publishing Company|isbn=978-81-7022-282-8|pages=145}} 7. ^{{cite web | url=http://kerala.gov.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=3776:history-of-kerala-legislature | title=History of Kerala Legislature | publisher=kerala.gov.in | accessdate=8 April 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006101549/http://kerala.gov.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=3776%3Ahistory-of-kerala-legislature | archive-date=6 October 2014 | dead-url=yes | df=dmy-all }} 8. ^1 {{cite web | url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/SE_1957/StatRep_Kerala_1957.pdf | title=Key highlights of General election, 1957 to the legislative assembly of Kerala | publisher=Election Commission of India | accessdate=8 April 2014 | format=pdf}} 9. ^{{cite news | url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2011-05-16/news/29548474_1_women-candidates-women-empowerment-cpi-m | title=Only 7 women make it to Kerala state Assembly | work=Economic Times | date=16 May 2011 | accessdate=9 April 2014}} 10. ^{{cite book|author=Thomas Johnson Nossiter|title=Communism in Kerala: A Study in Political Adaptation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8CSQUxVjjWQC&pg=PA122|date=1 January 1982|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-04667-2|pages=122–123}} 11. ^{{cite news | url=http://www.hindu.com/2008/02/12/stories/2008021254000400.htm | title=Fresh light on 'Liberation Struggle' | work=The Hindu | date=12 February 2008 | accessdate=9 April 2014}} 2 : State Assembly elections in Kerala|1957 State Assembly elections in India |
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