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词条 Norfolk County, Massachusetts
释义

  1. History

     Sheriffs 

  2. Geography

     Adjacent counties  National protected areas 

  3. Demographics

     2000 census  2010 census  Demographic breakdown by town  Income   Religion  

  4. Politics

  5. Communities

     Cities  Towns  Census-designated places 

  6. See also

  7. References

  8. External links

{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2017}}{{Infobox U.S. County
| county = Norfolk County
| state = Massachusetts
| type = County
| official_name = County of Norfolk
| founded = 1793
| seat wl = Dedham
| largest city wl = Quincy
| area_total_sq_mi = 444
| area_land_sq_mi = 396
| area_water_sq_mi = 48
| area percentage = 11%
| census yr = 2010
| pop = 670850
| flag = Flag of Norfolk County, Massachusetts.gif
| seal = NorfolkCountyMA-seal.png
| motto = Antiquity, Perseverance, History, Industry
| density_sq_mi = 1694
| web = www.norfolkcounty.org
| ex image = NorfolkCoCourt.JPG
| ex image cap = Norfolk County Courthouse in Dedham
| district = 2nd
| district2 = 4th
| district3 = 7th
| district4 = 8th
| time zone = Eastern
| named for = Norfolk
}}

Norfolk County is a county located in the U.S. state of Massachusetts. At the 2010 census, the population was 670,850.[1] Its county seat is Dedham.[2] The county was named after the English county of the same name.[3] Two towns, Cohasset and Brookline, are exclaves.

Norfolk County is included in the Boston-Cambridge-Newton, MA-NH Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Norfolk County is the 28th highest-income county in the United States with a median household income of $81,899. It is the wealthiest county in Massachusetts.

History

Norfolk County, Massachusetts was created on March 26, 1793 by legislation signed by Gov. John Hancock. Most of the towns were originally part of Suffolk County, Massachusetts. The towns of Dorchester and Roxbury were part of Norfolk County when it was created but, as Boston annexed each town, they became part of Suffolk County again. Hingham and Hull were originally part of the Norfolk County legislation but petitioned to remain in Suffolk county and in June 1793 their removal to Norfolk county was repealed. Later, in 1803, they were moved into Plymouth County, Massachusetts.

The county is the birthplace of four Presidents of the United States (John Adams, John Quincy Adams, John F. Kennedy, and George H.W. Bush), resulting in the moniker "County of Presidents."[4]

Sheriffs

{{main|List of Sheriffs of Norfolk County, Massachusetts}}

There have been 21 sheriffs of Norfolk County.[5]

Sheriff[5]
2018–presentJerry McDermott
1999–2018Michael G. Bellotti
1996–1999John H. Flood
1975–1996Clifford H. Marshall
1961–1975Charles Hedges
1958–1961Peter M. McCormack
1939–1958Samuel Wragg
1898–1939Samuel Capen
1885–1898Augustus B. Endicott
1878–1885Rufus Corbin Wood
1857–1878John W. Thomas
1853–1857Thomas Adams
1852–1853John W. Thomas
1848–1852Thomas Adams
1843–1848Jerauld N. E. Mann
1834–1843John Baker, II
1812–1834Elijah Crane
1811–1812William Brewer
1810–1811Elijah Crane
1798–1810Benjamin Clark Cutler
1794–1798Atherton Thayer
1793–1794Ebeneezer Thayer

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of {{convert|444|sqmi}}, of which {{convert|396|sqmi}} is land and {{convert|48|sqmi}} (11%) is water.[6] It is the third-smallest county in Massachusetts by total area. The county is not completely contiguous; the towns of Brookline and Cohasset are each part of Norfolk County but are separated from the majority of Norfolk County (and each other) by either water or other counties. At the county's formation, Hingham and Hull were to be part of it, but joined Plymouth County instead, leaving Cohasset as the initial exclave of Norfolk County and an enclave of Plymouth County. Brookline became the second exclave of Norfolk County in 1873 when the neighboring town of West Roxbury was annexed by Boston (thus leaving Norfolk County to join Suffolk County) and Brookline refused to be annexed by Boston after the Brookline-Boston annexation debate of 1873.

Adjacent counties

  • Middlesex County (northwest)
  • Suffolk County (north)
  • Plymouth County (southeast)
  • Bristol County (south)
  • Providence County, Rhode Island (southwest)
  • Worcester County (west)

National protected areas

  • Adams National Historical Park
  • Boston Harbor Islands National Recreation Area (part)
  • Frederick Law Olmsted National Historic Site
  • John Fitzgerald Kennedy National Historic Site
{{Massachusetts rivers}}

Demographics

{{US Census population
|1800= 27216
|1810= 31245
|1820= 36471
|1830= 41972
|1840= 53140
|1850= 78892
|1860= 109950
|1870= 89443
|1880= 96507
|1890= 118950
|1900= 151539
|1910= 187506
|1920= 219081
|1930= 299426
|1940= 325180
|1950= 392308
|1960= 510256
|1970= 605051
|1980= 606587
|1990= 616087
|2000= 650308
|2010= 670850
|estyear=2016
|estimate=697181
|estref=[7]
|align-fn=center
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census[8]
1790-1960[9] 1900-1990[10]
1990-2000[11] 2010-2013[1]
}}

2000 census

As of the census[12] of 2000, there were 650,308 people, 248,827 households, and 165,967 families residing in the county. The population density was 1,628 people per square mile (628/km²). There were 255,154 housing units at an average density of 639 per square mile (247/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 89.02% White or European American, 3.18% Black or African American, 0.13% Native American, 5.50% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.78% from other races, and 1.37% from two or more races. 1.84% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 28.6% were of Irish, 13.4% Italian, 7.7% English and 5.0% descendants of colonists ancestry according to Census 2000. 85.7% spoke English, 2.3% Chinese in any dialect, 2.0% Spanish, 1.0% Italian and 1.0% French as their first language.

There were 248,827 households out of which 31.20% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.20% were married couples living together, 9.50% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.30% were non-families. 26.80% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.80% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.54 and the average family size was 3.14.

In the county, the population was spread out with 23.40% under the age of 18, 7.00% from 18 to 24, 31.60% from 25 to 44, 23.50% from 45 to 64, and 14.40% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.40 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.60 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $63,432, and the median income for a family was $77,847 (these figures had risen to $77,294 and $95,243 respectively as of a 2007 estimate[13]). Males had a median income of $51,301 versus $37,108 for females. The per capita income for the county was $32,484. About 2.90% of families and 4.60% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.40% of those under age 18 and 5.70% of those age 65 or over.

2010 census

As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 670,850 people, 257,914 households, and 168,903 families residing in the county.[14] The population density was {{convert|1,693.6|PD/sqmi}}. There were 270,359 housing units at an average density of {{convert|682.5|/sqmi}}.[15] The racial makeup of the county was 82.3% white, 8.6% Asian, 5.7% black or African American, 0.2% American Indian, 1.3% from other races, and 1.9% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 3.3% of the population.[14] The largest ancestry groups were:[16]

{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}
  • 31.8% Irish
  • 15.5% Italian
  • 11.0% English
  • 7.0% German
  • 4.6% French
  • 4.3% Chinese
  • 4.1% Polish
  • 3.2% Russian
  • 3.1% American
  • 2.8% Scottish
  • 2.6% French Canadian
  • 2.4% Scotch-Irish
  • 2.0% West Indian
  • 2.0% Sub-Saharan African
  • 1.9% Portuguese
  • 1.8% Swedish
  • 1.6% Indian
  • 1.4% Arab
  • 1.4% Greek
  • 1.2% Canadian
  • 1.1% Vietnamese
  • 1.1% Lithuanian
{{div col end}}

Of the 257,914 households, 32.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.0% were married couples living together, 10.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 34.5% were non-families, and 27.6% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.53 and the average family size was 3.15. The median age was 40.7 years.[14]

The median income for a household in the county was $81,027 and the median income for a family was $101,870. Males had a median income of $68,070 versus $51,870 for females. The per capita income for the county was $42,371. About 4.1% of families and 6.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.3% of those under age 18 and 6.9% of those age 65 or over.[17]

Demographic breakdown by town

Income

{{See also|List of Massachusetts locations by per capita income}}

The ranking of unincorporated communities that are included on the list are reflective if the census designated locations and villages were included as cities or towns. Data is from the 2007-2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates.[18][19][20]

Rank Town Per capita
income		 Median
household
income		 Median
family
income		 Population Number of
households
Dover CDP $91,039 $183,125 $212,125 2,322 725
1 Dover Town $82,800 $184,646 $200,735 5,564 1,765
2 Wellesley Town $65,394 $145,208 $175,156 27,818 8,553
3 Brookline Town $63,964 $97,250 $142,180 58,371 24,891
4 Needham Town $60,972 $121,080 $160,455 28,786 10,350
5 Cohasset Town $59,891 $117,831 $147,222 7,483 2,706
6 Westwood Town $59,422 $120,078 $151,976 14,508 5,172
7 Medfield Town $56,905 $128,446 $139,247 12,004 4,011
Chestnut Hill (02467) ZCTA $55,947 $114,140 $151,375 21,952 6,237
8 Sharon Town $53,687 $121,265 $142,463 17,538 6,268
Medfield CDP $47,660 $107,386 $127,632 6,394 2,357
9 Wrentham Town $47,119 $100,938 $119,188 10,879 3,978
Sharon CDP $46,079 $102,521 $124,405 5,532 2,007
10 Canton Town $45,991 $90,951 $111,770 21,408 8,460
11 Milton Town $44,718 $104,713 $129,234 26,828 8,956
12 Medway Town $44,472 $106,058 $119,864 12,670 4,433
13 Walpole Town $43,983 $90,763 $109,035 23,862 8,626
Norfolk County County $43,685 $83,733 $106,309 666,426 255,944
14 Norfolk Town $42,452 $118,809 $132,250 11,151 3,125
15 Foxborough Town $42,236 $92,370 $108,209 16,734 6,470
Walpole CDP $41,820 $89,327 $99,808 6,119 2,522
16 Dedham Town $41,143 $83,364 $105,586 24,521 9,528
Millis-Clicquot CDP $39,884 $82,798 $103,750 4,370 1,831
17 Millis Town $39,344 $90,360 $99,976 7,852 3,043
18 Franklin City $39,043 $92,066 $109,602 31,317 10,866
19 Braintree City $37,317 $83,710 $97,262 35,409 13,267
20 Plainville Town $36,802 $81,371 $102,780 8,176 3,232
Foxborough CDP $36,239 $61,771 $91,991 5,206 2,388
21 Norwood Town $35,997 $73,838 $95,397 28,483 11,559
22 Weymouth City $35,939 $68,594 $86,972 53,565 22,543
Massachusetts State $35,051 $65,981 $83,371 6,512,227 2,522,409
Bellingham CDP $33,927 $81,941 $87,606 4,580 1,833
23 Bellingham Town $33,170 $83,534 $93,655 16,165 5,879
24 Quincy City $32,911 $60,947 $77,231 91,484 39,965
25 Stoughton Town $32,363 $68,191 $87,070 26,893 10,455
26 Avon Town $31,304 $72,880 $89,214 4,341 1,609
27 Holbrook Town $29,940 $63,790 $76,568 10,749 4,193
28 Randolph City $29,210 $64,465 $77,661 31,867 12,041
United States Country $27,915 $52,762 $64,293 306,603,772 114,761,359

Religion

Religious Affiliation in Norfolk County
Year1980199020002010
ReligionC*A**CACACA
Anabaptist (Mennonite)n/an/a188145n/an/a
Ba'haism0n/a0n/a21801198
Baptist297,063297,936324,992465,558
Brethren3951500n/a0n/a
Buddhismn/an/an/an/a4n/a71,653
Catholicism64304,13763336,79763380,93052355,321
Congregationalism/

United Church of Christ

3516,7864319,0164122,0494212,879
Christian Sciencen/an/a7350n/an/a5n/a
Episcopalianism/

Anglicanism

3117,9553012,9053112,7783311,016
Hinduismn/an/an/an/a6n/a237
Independent/

nondenominational

n/an/a1800n/an/a202,620
Islamn/an/an/an/a23,78234,616
Jainismn/an/an/an/a1n/a1n/a
Judaism208,2584137,1234138,3002019,709
Lutheranism134,629102,84382,59382,227
Latter-day Saints1432264851,15041,262
Methodism/Holiness257,937217,114247,097235,667
Messianic Judaismn/an/an/an/an/an/a1n/a
Orthodoxyn/an/a3n/a77,54393,539
Pentecostalism594551,382122,540172,485
Presbyterianism41,38071,42471,55891,196
Seventh-day Adventism/

Jehovah's Witnesses

15272,90053678537
Sikhismn/an/an/an/a2n/a1n/a
Quakerism1192119021062224
Unitarian-Universalism184,719174,591172,644173,102
Zoroastranianismn/an/an/an/an/an/a016
  • congregations
  • adherents

Politics

{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}}{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}}{{party color|Independent Party (United States)}}{{party color|Libertarian Party (United States)}}
Voter registration and party enrollment as of October 13, 2010[21]
Party Number of voters Percentage
Democratic159,95635.28%
Republican53,55611.81%
Unenrolled237,81052.45%
Minor Parties2,0540.45%
Total453,376100%
{{clear}}{{Hidden begin
|titlestyle = background:#ccccff;
|title = Presidential elections results
}}
Presidential elections results[22]
Year Republican Democratic Third parties
32.6% 119,7237.1% 26,153
41.6% 148,3931.5% 5,416
39.7% 136,8412.2% 7,400
38.6% 127,7631.2% 3,982
33.8% 107,0336.8% 21,694
31.0% 92,9829.0% 26,985
31.8% 103,25521.8% 70,521
47.7% 150,3061.4% 4,461
53.6% 160,3130.3% 784
44.8% 136,18416.6% 50,271
45.2% 136,6283.5% 10,646
46.9% 134,4590.5% 1,558
36.0% 95,8583.7% 9,835
26.8% 68,6120.4% 912
47.2% 121,7440.2% 503
66.4% 152,7470.3% 593
65.2% 140,4090.3% 631
56.7% 100,2802.3% 4,130
58.2% 97,4900.2% 383
58.7% 97,5250.5% 838
55.4% 82,5455.8% 8,575
59.2% 75,2322.2% 2,793
60.7% 73,5300.4% 489
71.1% 57,94810.5% 8,516
74.7% 51,8262.7% 1,839
58.7% 19,2842.6% 858
32.8% 9,65035.8% 10,537
64.9% 18,2257.8% 2,187
62.2% 16,1045.5% 1,434
62.3% 15,1445.1% 1,232
73.5% 16,8974.8% 1,113
52.1% 11,8622.5% 575
54.0% 10,7702.3% 449
47.1% 8,35111.6% 2,051
59.7% 10,0191.6% 265
57.2% 8,9560.1% 22
{{Hidden end}}

Communities

Cities

  • Braintree
  • Franklin
  • Quincy
  • Randolph
  • Weymouth

Towns

{{div col|colwidth=12em}}
  • Avon
  • Bellingham
  • Brookline
  • Canton
  • Cohasset
  • Dedham (traditional county seat)
  • Dover
  • Foxborough
  • Holbrook
  • Medfield
  • Medway
  • Millis
  • Milton
  • Needham
  • Norfolk
  • Norwood
  • Plainville
  • Sharon
  • Stoughton
  • Walpole
  • Wellesley
  • Westwood
  • Wrentham
{{div col end}}

Note: West Roxbury (annexed to Boston 1874), Roxbury (annexed to Boston 1868), Dorchester (founded 1630, annexed to Boston 1870), Hyde Park (incorporated 1868 from Dorchester, Milton, and Dedham, annexed to Boston 1912), and Hingham and Hull were originally part of Norfolk County when the county was incorporated in 1793. As of August 2012, Hingham's Precinct 2 will be part of the Fourth Norfolk District.[23]

Census-designated places

{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
  • Bellingham
  • Dover
  • Foxborough
  • Medfield
  • Millis-Clicquot
  • Sharon
  • Walpole
{{div col end}}

See also

  • Registry of Deeds (Massachusetts)
  • National Register of Historic Places listings in Norfolk County, Massachusetts

References

1. ^1 {{cite web|title=State & County QuickFacts|url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/25/25021.html|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=August 26, 2013}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx|accessdate=June 7, 2011|title=Find a County|publisher=National Association of Counties}}
3. ^Thomas Cox, Anthony Hall, Robert Morden, [https://books.google.com/books?id=hZNJAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA1-PA151-IA2 Magna Britannia Antiqua & Nova: Or, A New, Exact, and Comprehensive Survey of the Ancient and Present State of Great Britain], Volume 5, (Caesar Ward and Richard Chandler: London, 1738), pg. 171 (accessed on Google Book Search, June 22, 2008)
4. ^The County of Norfolk, Massachusetts. Last accessed December 21, 2006.
5. ^1 {{cite web | url = http://www.norfolksheriff.com/history.html | title = History | publisher = Norfolk County Sheriff's Office | accessdate = October 25, 2016 }}
6. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/docs/gazetteer/counties_list_25.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=September 16, 2014|date=August 22, 2012|title=2010 Census Gazetteer Files|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://archive.is/20140914175857/http://www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/docs/gazetteer/counties_list_25.txt|archivedate=September 14, 2014|df=mdy-all}}
7. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/tables.2016.html|title=Population and Housing Unit Estimates|accessdate=June 9, 2017}}
8. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|title=U.S. Decennial Census|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=September 16, 2014}}
9. ^{{cite web|url=http://mapserver.lib.virginia.edu|title=Historical Census Browser|publisher=University of Virginia Library|accessdate=September 16, 2014}}
10. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/cencounts/ma190090.txt|title=Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=September 16, 2014}}
11. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf|title=Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=September 16, 2014}}
12. ^{{cite web|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=January 31, 2008|title=American FactFinder}}
13. ^{{cite web|url=http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/ACSSAFFFacts?_event=Search&geo_id=05000US25017&_geoContext=01000US%7C04000US25%7C05000US25017&_street=&_county=norfolk&_cityTown=norfolk&_state=04000US25&_zip=&_lang=en&_sse=on&ActiveGeoDiv=geoSelect&_useEV=&pctxt=fph&pgsl=050&_submenuId=factsheet_1&ds_name=ACS_2007_3YR_SAFF&_ci_nbr=null&qr_name=null®=null:null&_keyword=&_industry=|title=American FactFinder - Community Facts|first=U.S. Census|last=Bureau|date=|website=factfinder.census.gov}}
14. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/DPDP1/0500000US25021 |title=DP-1 Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data |accessdate=January 12, 2016 |publisher=United States Census Bureau}}
15. ^{{cite web |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/GCTPH1.CY07/0500000US25021 |accessdate=January 12, 2016 |title=Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - County |publisher=United States Census Bureau}}
16. ^{{cite web |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_5YR/DP02/0500000US25021 |title=DP02 SELECTED SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS IN THE UNITED STATES – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates |accessdate=January 12, 2016 |publisher=United States Census Bureau}}
17. ^{{cite web |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_5YR/DP03/0500000US25021 |title=DP03 SELECTED ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates |accessdate=January 12, 2016 |publisher=United States Census Bureau}}
18. ^{{cite web |url=http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_11_5YR_DP03&prodType=table|title=SELECTED ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS 2007-2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|accessdate=January 26, 2013}}
19. ^{{cite web |url=http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_11_5YR_DP05&prodType=table|title=ACS DEMOGRAPHIC AND HOUSING ESTIMATES 2007-2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |accessdate=January 26, 2013}}
20. ^{{cite web |url=http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_11_5YR_S1101&prodType=table|title=HOUSEHOLDS AND FAMILIES 2007-2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |accessdate=January 26, 2013}}
21. ^{{cite web| title = Registration and Party Enrollment Statistics as of October 15, 2008 | publisher = Massachusetts Elections Division of the Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts | format = PDF | accessdate = May 8, 2012 | url = http://www.sec.state.ma.us/ele/ele10/enrollment_count_regdt_10132010.pdf}}
22. ^{{cite web|url=http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS|title=Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections|first=David|last=Leip|date=|website=uselectionatlas.org}}
23. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.wickedlocal.com/hingham/features/x1405825334/REDISTRICTING-Bradley-loses-precinct#axzz23j9hPNbm|title=REDISTRICTING: Bradley loses precinct|first=Maryellen|last=Dever|date=|website=wickedlocal.com}}
  • [https://books.google.com/books?id=QTQWAAAAYAAJ History of Norfolk County, Massachusetts] With Biographical Sketches of Many of Its Pioneers and Prominent Men, by Duane Hamilton Hurd. Published by J.W. Lewis & Co., 1884. 1001 pages.
  • [https://books.google.com/books?id=HzoWAAAAYAAJ History of Norfolk County, Massachusetts, 1622-1918] by Louis Atwood Cook. Published by The S.J. Clarke publishing company, 1918. Volume 1.

External links

{{Commons category}}
  • {{osmrelation|1840539}}
  • Norfolk County official site
  • Map of cities and towns of Massachusetts
{{Geographic Location
|Centre = Norfolk County, Massachusetts
|North = Suffolk County
|Northeast = Massachusetts Bay
|East =
|Southeast = Plymouth County
|South = Bristol County
|Southwest = Providence County, Rhode Island
|West = Worcester County
|Northwest = Middlesex County
}}{{Norfolk County, Massachusetts}}{{Massachusetts}}{{Greater_Boston}}{{Massachusetts Public High Schools}}{{Authority control}}{{coord|42.17|-71.19|display=title|type:adm2nd_region:US-MA_source:UScensus1990}}

5 : Massachusetts counties|Norfolk County, Massachusetts|Greater Boston|1793 establishments in Massachusetts|Populated places established in 1793
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