“Norman R. Augustine”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Norman Ralph Augustine (born July 27, 1935) is a U.S. aerospace businessman who served as United States Under Secretary of the Army from 1975 to 1977. Augustine served as chairman of the Review of United States Human Space Flight Plans Committee.

Career

Augustine was raised in Colorado and attended Princeton University, where he graduated with a BSE in Aeronautical Engineering, magna cum laude, and an MSE. He was elected to Phi Beta Kappa, Tau Beta Pi and Sigma Xi.

In 1958 he joined the Douglas Aircraft Company in California, where he worked as a research engineer, program manager and chief engineer. Beginning in 1965, he served in the Office of the Secretary of Defense as Assistant Director of Defense Research and Engineering. He joined LTV Missiles and Space Company in 1970, serving as vice president of advanced programs and marketing. In 1973 he returned to the government as Assistant Secretary of the Army and in 1975 became Under Secretary of the Army, and later Acting Secretary of the Army. Joining Martin Marietta Corporation in 1977 as vice president of technical operations, he was elected as CEO in 1987 and chairman in 1988, having previously been president and COO. In 1990, he chaired the Advisory Committee on the Future of the U.S. Space Program, known as the Augustine Committee. He served as president of the Lockheed Martin Corporation upon the formation of that company in 1995, and became CEO later that year. He retired as chairman and CEO of Lockheed Martin in August 1997, when he became a lecturer with the rank of professor^[1] on the faculty of Princeton University where he served until July 1999.

In 1999 he helped found In-Q-Tel, a venture capital firm sponsored by the CIA with a mandate to support United States intelligence by investing in advanced technology.^[2]^[3]

Augustine was chairman and principal officer of the American Red Cross for nine years, chairman of the National Academy of Engineering, president and chairman of the Association of the United States Army, chairman of the Aerospace Industries Association, and chairman of the Defense Science Board. He is a former president of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics and the Boy Scouts of America. He is a former member of the board of directors of ConocoPhillips, Black & Decker, Procter & Gamble and Lockheed Martin, and was a member of the board of trustees of Colonial Williamsburg. He is a regent of the University System of Maryland, trustee emeritus of Johns Hopkins and a former member of the board of trustees of Princeton and MIT. He is a member of the advisory board to the Department of Homeland Security, was a member of the Hart/Rudman Commission on National Security, and served for 16 years on the President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology. He is a member of the guiding coalition of the Project on National Security Reform. He is a member of the American Philosophical Society, the National Academy of Arts and Sciences, and the Explorers Club.

In May 2009 Augustine was named as chairman of the Review of United States Human Space Flight Plans Committee, that was tasked to review NASA's plans for the Moon, Mars and beyond.^[4]

In March 2011 Augustine agreed to serve as chair of the U.S. Antarctic Program Blue Ribbon Panel to assess U.S. activities in the South Pole. In July 2011, Augustine became a member of the United States Energy Security Council,^[5] which seeks to diminish oil's monopoly over the US transportation sector and is sponsored by the Institute for the Analysis of Global Security (IAGS).^[5] He currently sits on the America Abroad Media advisory board,^[6] the advisory board of Feynman School, a school for academically gifted children in STEM fields,^[7] and on the board of advisors of the Code of Support Foundation, a nonprofit military services organization.^[8]

Augustine has been presented the National Medal of Technology by the President of the United States and received the Joint Chiefs of Staff Distinguished Public Service Award. He has five times received the Department of Defense's highest civilian decoration, the Distinguished Civilian Service Award. He is co-author of The Defense Revolution and Shakespeare In Charge and author of Augustine's Laws and Augustine’s Travels. He holds 34 honorary degrees and was selected by Who’s Who in America and the Library of Congress as one of “Fifty Great Americans” on the occasion of Who’s Who’s fiftieth anniversary. He has traveled in over 124 countries and stood on both the North and South Poles of the earth.

Awards

Notes

1. ^{{cite web|title= Norman Augustine to Join the Faculty of Princeton University's School of Engineering and Applied Science |url=https://www.princeton.edu/pr/news/97/q2/0418augu.html|accessdate=7 July 2015}}
2. ^{{cite book|title=The Real Cyber War|url=http://www.press.uillinois.edu/books/catalog/83cdd9wm9780252039126.html|publisher=University of Illinois Press|first1=Shawn M|last1=Powers|first2=Michael|last2=Jablonski|location=Champaign, IL|date=April 2015|isbn=978-0-252-09710-2|pages=63–69}}
3. ^{{cite web |last=Yannuzzi| first=Rick E. |title=In-Q-Tel: A new partnership between the CIA and the private sector|publisher=Central Intelligence Agency|date=2007|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/intelligence-history/in-q-tel}}
4. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.nasa.gov/home/hqnews/2009/jun/HQ_09-123_Augustine_Review_Members.html|title=NASA Announces Members of Human Space Flight Review Committee|last=Mirelson|first=Doc|date=2009-06-01|accessdate=2009-06-05}}
5. ^¹{{cite web |url=http://www.iags.org/ |title=Energy and Security Research |accessdate=6 July 2012}}
6. ^http://americaabroadmedia.org/content/norman-augustine
7. ^{{Cite news|url=http://feynmanschool.org/about/administration/advisory-board/|title=Advisory Board|date=2013-10-11|work=Feynman School|access-date=2017-10-17|language=en-US}}
8. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.codeofsupport.org/who-we-are/|title=Code of Support Foundation advisory board |last1= |first1= |date= |website=codeofsupportfoundation.org |publisher= |accessdate=5 June 2017}}
9. ^{{cite book | isbn = 978-1-56347-240-4 | title = Augustine's Laws | author =Norman Ralph Augustine | year = 1984}}
10. ^{{cite web|title=Book of Members, 1780–2010: Chapter A|url=http://www.amacad.org/publications/BookofMembers/ChapterA.pdf|publisher=American Academy of Arts and Sciences|accessdate=27 April 2011}}
11. ^{{cite pressrelease| url = http://www.rnasa.org/1992files/winner1992.html| title = 1992 NATIONAL SPACE TROPHY RECIPIENT| publisher = Rotary National Award for Space Achievement Foundation| date = 2011-04-04| accessdate = 2011-04-18}}
12. ^{{cite web|title=Public Welfare Award|url=http://www.nasonline.org/programs/awards/public-welfare-medal.html|publisher=National Academy of Sciences|accessdate=14 February 2011}}
13. ^{{cite web|title=J. C. Hunsaker Award in Aeronautical Engineering|url=http://www.nasonline.org/programs/awards/j-c-hunsaker-award.html|publisher=National Academy of Sciences|accessdate=14 February 2011}}
14. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.wingsclub.org/awards.html |title=Distinguished Achievement Awards |publisher=Wings Club |accessdate=February 9, 2012}}
15. ^http://www.sciencepolicyjournal.org/advisory-board.html
16. ^{{cite web|title=The 2015 recipient of International Von Karman Wings Award is Mr. Norman Augustine|url=http://galcit.caltech.edu/ahs/|publisher=The Aerospace Historical Society and California Institute of Technology|accessdate= 2015-06-08}}

References