| 词条 | 1929 United Kingdom general election | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| election_name = 1929 United Kingdom general election | country = United Kingdom | type = parliamentary | ongoing = no | previous_election = 1924 United Kingdom general election | previous_year = 1924 | outgoing_members = List of MPs elected in the United Kingdom general election, 1924 | next_election = 1931 United Kingdom general election | next_year = 1931 | elected_members = List of MPs elected in the United Kingdom general election, 1929 | seats_for_election = All 615 seats in the House of Commons | majority_seats = 308 | elected_mps = List of MPs elected in the United Kingdom general election, 1929 | election_date = 30 May 1929 | turnout = 76.3%, {{decrease}}0.7% | image1 = | leader1 = Ramsay MacDonald | leader_since1 = 21 November 1922 | party1 = Labour Party (UK) | leaders_seat1 = Seaham | last_election1 = 151 seats, 33.3% | seats1 = 287 | seat_change1 = {{increase}}136 | popular_vote1 = 8,048,968 | percentage1 = 37.1% | swing1 = {{increase}}3.8% | image2 = | leader2 = Stanley Baldwin | leader_since2 = 23 May 1923 | party2 = Conservative Party (UK) | leaders_seat2 = Bewdley | last_election2 = 412 seats, 46.8% | seats2 = 260 | seat_change2 = {{decrease}}152 | popular_vote2 = 8,252,527 | percentage2 = 38.1% | swing2 = {{decrease}}8.7% | image3 = | leader3 = David Lloyd George | leader_since3 = 14 October 1926 | party3 = Liberal Party (UK) | leaders_seat3 = Caernarvon Boroughs | last_election3 = 40 seats, 17.8% | seats3 = 59 | seat_change3 = {{increase}}19 | popular_vote3 = 5,104,638 | percentage3 = 23.6% | swing3 = {{increase}}5.8% | map_image = 1929 UK General Election Results.png | map_size = 380px | map_caption = Colours denote the winning party—as shown in {{slink||Results}} | title = Prime Minister | posttitle = Appointed Prime Minister | before_election = Stanley Baldwin | before_party = Conservative Party (UK) | after_election = Ramsay MacDonald | after_party = Labour Party (UK) }} The 1929 United Kingdom general election was held on Thursday 30 May 1929, and resulted in a hung parliament. It was the second of four general elections under the secret ballot and the first of three under universal suffrage in which a party lost the popular vote (i.e. gained fewer popular votes than another party) but gained a plurality of seats—the others of the four being 1874, 1951 and February 1974. In 1929 that party was Ramsay MacDonald's Labour Party, which won the most seats in the House of Commons for the first time, but failed to get an overall majority. The Liberal Party led by David Lloyd George regained some of the ground it had lost in the 1924 election, and held the balance of power. The election was often referred to as the "Flapper Election", because it was the first election in which women aged 21–29 were allowed to vote, under the provisions of the Representation of the People Act 1928. (Women over 30 had been able to vote since the 1918 election.) The election was fought against a background of rising unemployment, with the memory of the 1926 general strike still fresh in voters' minds. By 1929, the Cabinet was being described by many as "old and exhausted".{{sfn|Doerr|pp=104–5}} The Liberals campaigned on a comprehensive programme of public works under the title "We Can Conquer Unemployment". The incumbent Conservatives campaigned on the theme of "Safety First", with Labour campaigning on the theme of "Labour & the Nation". The 1929 election was the first general election to be contested by the newly formed Welsh nationalist party Plaid Cymru. This election would be the last time that a non-Labour or Conservative force polled more than one-fifth of the nationwide popular vote until 1983. {{UK general election navigation|clear=none|1923|1924|1929|1931|1935}}Results
|party = Conservative Party (UK) |leader = Stanley Baldwin |candidates = 590 |seats = 260 |gain = 2 |loss = 154 |net = −152 |votes = 8,252,527 |votes % = 38.1 |seats % = 42.3 |plus/minus = −8.7 }}{{Election Summary Party with Leaders| |party = Labour Party (UK) |leader = Ramsay MacDonald |candidates = 569 |seats = 287 |gain = 140 |loss = 4 |net = +136 |votes = 8,048,968 |votes % = 37.1 |seats % = 46.7 |plus/minus = +3.8 |government = yes }}{{Election Summary Party with Leaders| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |leader = David Lloyd George |candidates = 513 |seats = 59 |gain = 36 |loss = 17 |net = +19 |votes = 5,104,638 |votes % = 23.6 |seats % = 9.6 |plus/minus = +5.8 }}{{Election Summary Party with Leaders| |party = Independent (politician) |leader = N/A |candidates = 11 |seats = 4 |gain = 3 |loss = 1 |net = +2 |votes = 94,742 |votes % = 0.4 |seats % = 0.8 |plus/minus = +0.2 }}{{Election Summary Party with Leaders| |party = Communist Party of Great Britain |leader = Harry Pollitt |candidates = 25 |seats = 0 |gain = 0 |loss = 1 |net = −1 |votes = 47,554 |votes % = 0.2 |seats % = |plus/minus = −0.1 }}{{Election Summary Party with Leaders| |party = Independent Conservative |leader = N/A |candidates = 8 |seats = 0 |gain = 0 |loss = 0 |net = 0 |votes = 46,278 |votes % = 0.2 |seats % = |plus/minus = }}{{Election Summary Party with Leaders| |party = Scottish Prohibition Party |leader = Edwin Scrymgeour |candidates = 1 |seats = 1 |gain = 0 |loss = 0 |net = 0 |votes = 25,037 |votes % = 0.1 |seats % = 0.2 |plus/minus = +0.1 }}{{Election Summary Party with Leaders| |party = Nationalist Party (Northern Ireland) |leader = Joseph Devlin |candidates = 4 |seats = 3 |gain = 2 |loss = 0 |net = +2 |votes = 24,177 |votes % = 0.1 |seats % = 0.5 |plus/minus = +0.1 }}{{Election Summary Party with Leaders| |party = Independent Labour |leader = N/A |candidates = 4 |seats = 1 |gain = 1 |loss = 0 |net = +1 |votes = 20,825 |votes % = 0.1 |seats % = 0.2 |plus/minus = +0.1 }}{{Election Summary Party with Leaders| |party = Independent Liberal |leader = N/A |candidates = 2 |seats = 0 |gain = 0 |loss = 0 |net = 0 |votes = 17,110 |votes % = 0.1 |seats % = |plus/minus = +0.1 }}{{Election Summary Party with Leaders| |party = National Party of Scotland |leader = Roland Muirhead |candidates = 2 |seats = 0 |gain = 0 |loss = 0 |net = 0 |votes = 3,313 |votes % = 0.0 |seats % = |plus/minus = N/A }}{{Election Summary Party with Leaders| |party = Plaid Cymru |leader = Saunders Lewis |candidates = 1 |seats = 0 |gain = 0 |loss = 0 |net = 0 |votes = 609 |votes % = 0.0 |seats % = |plus/minus = N/A }} |}{{Hatnote|Total votes cast: 21,685,779. Turnout: 76.3%.[1]{{efn|All parties shown. Conservatives include Ulster Unionists.}} }} Votes summary{{bar box|title=Popular vote |titlebar=#ddd |width=600px |barwidth=500px |bars={{bar percent|Conservative|{{Conservative Party (UK)/meta/color}}|38.06}}{{bar percent|Labour|{{Labour Party (UK)/meta/color}}|37.12}}{{bar percent|Liberal|{{Liberal Party (UK)/meta/color}}|23.54}}{{bar percent|Independent|{{Independent/meta/color}}|0.83}}{{bar percent|Others|#777777|0.46}} }} Seats summary{{bar box|title=Parliamentary seats |titlebar=#ddd |width=600px |barwidth=500px |bars={{bar percent|Labour|{{Labour Party (UK)/meta/color}}|46.67}}{{bar percent|Conservative|{{Conservative Party (UK)/meta/color}}|42.28}}{{bar percent|Liberal|{{Liberal Party (UK)/meta/color}}|9.59}}{{bar percent|Independent|{{Independent/meta/color}}|0.81}}{{bar percent|Others|#777777|0.16}} }} Constituency results{{For|a full list of the results by constituency|Constituency election results in the United Kingdom general election, 1929}}Transfers of seats
1 Previous MP had defected to the Conservatives by the 1929 election 2 Previous MP had defected to the Liberals by the 1929 election{{refend}} See also
Notes{{notelist}}References1. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www.parliament.uk/documents/commons/lib/research/rp2008/rp08-012.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=23 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140708134346/http://www.parliament.uk/documents/commons/lib/research/rp2008/rp08-012.pdf |archive-date=8 July 2014 |dead-url=yes |df=dmy-all }} Sources{{refbegin}}
Further reading
External links
Manifestos
4 : 1929 United Kingdom general election|General elections to the Parliament of the United Kingdom|1929 elections in the United Kingdom|May 1929 events |
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