| 词条 | Norseman, Western Australia |
| 释义 |
| type = town | name = Norseman | state = wa | image = Roberts Street, Norseman, 2017 (04).jpg | caption = Roberts Street, Norseman | lga = Shire of Dundas | postcode = 6443 | pop = 574 | pop_year = {{CensusAU|2016}} | pop_footnotes = [1] | coordinates = {{coord|32|11|46|S|121|46|41|E|display=inline,title}} | est = | stategov = Eyre | fedgov = O'Connor | dist1 = 726 | location1= Perth | dist2 = 196 | location2= Kalgoorlie | dist3 = 203 | location3= Esperance }}Norseman is a town located in the Goldfields-Esperance region of Western Australia along the Coolgardie-Esperance Highway, {{convert|726|km|mi|0}} east of Perth and {{convert|278|m|ft|0}} above sea level. It is also the starting point of the Eyre Highway, and the last major town in Western Australia before the South Australian border {{convert|720|km|mi|0}} to the east. At the 2016 census, Norseman had a population of almost 600.[2] HistoryThe quest for gold led to the establishment of Norseman, on the traditional lands of the Kalaako. Today there are a number of small goldmining operations in the area but only the Central Norseman Gold Corporation can be considered a major producer. Gold was first found in the Norseman area in 1892, about 10 km south of the town, near Dundas. The "Dundas Field" was proclaimed in August 1893 and a townsite gazetted there. In August 1894, Lawrence Sinclair, his brother George Sinclair, and Jack Alsopp discovered a rich gold reef which Sinclair named after his horse, Hardy Norseman. The family originally came from the Shetland Isles in December 1863. Laurie's brother James was working in Esperance as the Post and Telegraphist Master. In January 1895 the mining warden asked the Government to declare a townsite for the 200 or so miners who had arrived. It was gazetted on 22 May. The Aboriginal name for the area is "Jimberlana".[3][4] A mining entrepreneur from Melbourne Mr Ernest McCaughan led a party of 13 by Steamship from Melbourne to Esperance to walk inland and discover the central part of the Gold Field. He later went on to develop substantial mining interests in Western Australia and Tasmania. Norseman initially struggled to develop because of the established town of Dundas; but, between 1895 and 1901, a post office, banks, doctor, courthouse, stores and churches were established and, in 1899 Cobb & Co, mail coaches started delivering mail to Norseman. In 1935, Western Mining Corporation came to Norseman and invested significantly in its infrastructure, resulting in new bitumen roads, electricity and an extension of the Goldfields Water Supply Scheme to the town.[5] The population of the town was 418 (262 males and 156 females) in 1898.[6] Once it was the second-richest goldfield in Western Australia, next to the Golden Mile of Kalgoorlie. It is claimed that since 1892, over 100 tonnes of gold have been extracted from the area. The Norseman Gold Mine is Australia’s longest continuously running gold mining operation.[7] As of 2006, it had been in operation for more than 65 years, producing in excess of 5.5 million ounces of gold in that time.[8] Present dayModern Norseman is a small, sprawling town driven by mining and tourism and dominated by a huge tailings dump. Norseman is located 724 km east of Perth via Great Eastern Highway and Coolgardie-Esperance Highway, and has a population of about 1,000. It contains a district high school (opened 1894), shopping facilities, accommodation (hotel, motel, caravan park), district hospital, council offices and a telecentre are located within the town. Being at the start of the Eyre Highway, two fuel outlets are available. GeographyClimateNorseman experiences a semi-arid climate (Köppen climate classification BSh). {{Weather box|location = Norseman, Western Australia (1897-2010) |metric first = Yes |single line = Yes |Jan record high C = 46.0 |Feb record high C = 44.9 |Mar record high C = 43.8 |Apr record high C = 37.0 |May record high C = 33.3 |Jun record high C = 27.8 |Jul record high C = 27.7 |Aug record high C = 32.5 |Sep record high C = 35.6 |Oct record high C = 40.0 |Nov record high C = 41.1 |Dec record high C = 44.9 |year record high C = 46.0 |Jan high C = 32.5 |Feb high C = 31.3 |Mar high C = 28.8 |Apr high C = 24.5 |May high C = 20.4 |Jun high C = 17.4 |Jul high C = 16.8 |Aug high C = 18.4 |Sep high C = 21.6 |Oct high C = 24.9 |Nov high C = 28.0 |Dec high C = 30.7 |year high C = 24.6 |Jan low C = 15.8 |Feb low C = 15.9 |Mar low C = 14.5 |Apr low C = 11.6 |May low C = 8.5 |Jun low C = 6.3 |Jul low C = 5.2 |Aug low C = 5.4 |Sep low C = 7.4 |Oct low C = 9.7 |Nov low C = 12.2 |Dec low C = 14.0 |year low C = 10.5 |Jan record low C = 6.0 |Feb record low C = 6.3 |Mar record low C = 3.3 |Apr record low C = 0.6 |May record low C = -2.3 |Jun record low C = -4.6 |Jul record low C = -3.1 |Aug record low C = -2.2 |Sep record low C = -3.0 |Oct record low C = -0.7 |Nov record low C = 2.2 |Dec record low C = 3.6 |year record low C = -4.6 |Jan precipitation mm = 19.8 |Feb precipitation mm = 25.2 |Mar precipitation mm = 23.9 |Apr precipitation mm = 23.6 |May precipitation mm = 30.6 |Jun precipitation mm = 30.3 |Jul precipitation mm = 26.9 |Aug precipitation mm = 25.1 |Sep precipitation mm = 21.1 |Oct precipitation mm = 20.3 |Nov precipitation mm = 20.5 |Dec precipitation mm = 21.3 |year precipitation mm = 288.7 |source 1 = Australian Bureau of Meteorology[9] |date=August 2010 }} See also{{portal|Western Australia}}
References1. ^{{Census 2016 AUS|id=UCL521043|name=Norseman (L) (Urban Centre/Locality)|quick=on|accessdate=5 January 2018}} 2. ^{{Census 2016 AUS|id=UCL521043|name=Norseman (L) (Urban Centre/Locality) |accessdate=5 January 2018|quick=on}} 3. ^{{LandInfo WA|c|N|2007-04-17}} 4. ^Western Australian Government Gazette, file 301/95, 22 May 1895, p.735. 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.dundas.wa.gov.au/history.aspx|title=Shire of Dundas - History|accessdate=6 November 2006}} 6. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article33153441 |title=POPULATION OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA. |newspaper=Western Mail (Perth, WA : 1885 - 1954) |location=Perth, WA |date=22 April 1898 |accessdate=28 May 2012 |page=23 |publisher=National Library of Australia}} 7. ^The Norseman Project {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100117082846/http://www.norsemangoldplc.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=16&Itemid=23 |date=17 January 2010 }} Norseman Gold website, accessed: 30 December 2009 8. ^Norseman Gold annual report 2007{{dead link|date=February 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} accessed: 30 December 2009 9. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/cw_012065_All.shtml| title = Climate statistics for Norseman| publisher = Australian Bureau of Meteorology |accessdate=21 September 2011}} External links{{commonscat-inline}}
3 : Mining towns in Western Australia|Towns in Western Australia|Norseman, Western Australia |
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