“1979 Chicago mayoral election”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条	1979 Chicago mayoral election
释义	Primaries and nominations Democratic primary Republican primary Socialist Workers nomination General election References {{Infobox Election \| election_name = Chicago mayoral election, 1979 \| country = Chicago \| type = presidential \| ongoing = no \| previous_year = 1977 (special) \| next_year = 1983 \| election_date = April 3, 1979 \| turnout = 61%^[1] {{increase}} 21 pp \| image1 = \| nominee1 = Jane Byrne \| party1 = Democratic Party (United States) \| running_mate1 = \| colour1 = \| popular_vote1 = 700,874 \| percentage1 = 82.1% \| image2 = \| nominee2 = Wallace D. Johnson \| party2 = Republican Party (United States) \| colour2 = \| running_mate2 = \| popular_vote2 = 137,664 \| percentage2 = 16.1% \| map_image = \| map_size = \| map_caption = \| title = Mayor \| before_election = Michael A. Bilandic \| before_party = Democratic Party (United States) \| after_election = Jane Byrne \| after_party = Democratic Party (United States) }}{{ElectionsIL}} In the Chicago mayoral election of 1979 Democrat Jane Byrne defeated Republican Wallace Johnson by a landslide 66% margin of victory, winning more than 82% of the vote and becoming Chicago's first female mayor.^[2] Primaries and nominations Democratic primary In what was regarded to be a major upset to the Chicago Democratic political machine, Jane Byrne succeeded in pulling off an insurgent challenge to incumbent mayor Michael Bilandic.^[3] Byrne, whom Bilandic had previously fired from the post of the city's Commissioner of Consumer Sales in 1977,^[3]^[4] had launched an underdog challenge to Bilandic, who had received the backing of the Cook County Democratic Party.^[3] Turnout in the primary was among the greatest in Chicago mayoral history.^[3] By some reports, turnout was 839,443, which was 58.97% of Chicago's 1,423,476 voters.^[3] Turnout exceeded the average mayoral primary election turnout in the years since 1955 by more than 10 percentage points.^[3] Byrne won more than half of the city's wards.^[3] She swept the city's black wards, winning more than 2/3 of votes from them.^[3] Byrne had lambasted Bilandic's government's slow response to the 1979 Chicago blizzard, criticism which was greatly credited with fueling her upset victory.^[5]^[6] {{electiontable\|Chicago Democratic Party Mayoral primary, 1979}} \|- bgcolor="#E9E9E9" align="center"	Chicago Democratic Party Mayoral Primary, 1979^[7]^[8] \|- bgcolor="#E9E9E9" align="center"	Candidate	Votes	%	+/- \|- \| bgcolor="#3333FF" \| \| align="left" \| Jane Byrne \| {{formatnum:412909}} \| {{formatnum:51.04%}} \| N/A \|- \| bgcolor="#3333FF" \| \| align="left" \| Michael A. Bilandic (incumbent) \| {{formatnum:396194}} \| {{formatnum:48.96%}} \| -2.14% \|- \| colspan="2" align="left" \| Majority \| {{formatnum:16775}} \| {{formatnum:2.07%}} \| +16.33% \|- \| colspan="2" align="left" \| Total \| {{formatnum:809043}} \|\| {{formatnum:100.00%}} \| N/A \|- \|} Republican primary Wallace D. Johnson, an investment banker,^[3] won a landslide victory in the Republican primary. {{electiontable\|Chicago Republican Party Mayoral primary, 1979}} \|- bgcolor="#E9E9E9" align="center"	Chicago Republican Party Mayoral Primary, 1979^[9] \|- bgcolor="#E9E9E9" align="center"	Candidate	Votes	%	+/- \|- \| bgcolor="#FF3333" \| \| align="left" \| Wallace D. Johnson \| {{formatnum:18268}} \| {{formatnum:86.39%}} \| N/A \|- \| bgcolor="#FF3333" \| \| align="left" \| Raymond G. Wardingley \| {{formatnum:2877}} \| {{formatnum:13.61%}} \| N/A \|- \| colspan="2" align="left" \| Majority \| {{formatnum:15391}} \| {{formatnum:72.79%}} \| N/A \|- \| colspan="2" align="left" \| Total \| {{formatnum:21144}} \|\| {{formatnum:100.00%}} \| N/A \|- \|} Socialist Workers nomination The Socialist Workers Party nominated Andrew Pulley. Pulley had been the party's vice presidential nominee in 1972.^[10] General election {{Election box begin no change\| title=Mayor of Chicago 1979^[11] (General Election)}}{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change \|party = Democratic Party (United States) \|candidate = Jane Byrne \|votes = 700,874 \|percentage = 82.05 }}{{Election box candidate with party link no change \|party = Republican Party (United States) \|candidate = Wallace D. Johnson \|votes = 137,663 \|percentage = 16.12 }}{{Election box candidate with party link no change \|party = Socialist Workers Party (United States) \|candidate = Andrew Pulley \|votes = 15,625 \|percentage = 1.83 }}{{Election box turnout no change \|votes = 854,162 \|percentage = }}{{Election box end}} References 1. ^{{cite web \|last1=Denvir \|first1=Daniel \|title=Voter Turnout in U.S. Mayoral Elections Is Pathetic, But It Wasn't Always This Way \|url=https://www.citylab.com/equity/2015/05/mayoral-election-voting-turnout/393737/ \|publisher=City Lab (The Atlantic) \|accessdate=11 December 2018 \|date=May 22, 2015}} 2. ^http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=123285 3. ^¹²³⁴⁵⁶⁷⁸{{cite news \|last1=Kneeland \|first1=Douglas A. \|title=Jane Byrne's Defeat of Mayor Shatters Image of Democratic Machine in Chicago \|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1979/03/01/archives/jane-byrnes-defeat-of-mayor-shatters-image-of-democratic-machine-in.html \|publisher=New York Times \|date=March 1, 1979}} 4. ^https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=266&dat=19771219&id=P5AzAAAAIBAJ&sjid=HeEFAAAAIBAJ&pg=923,6168601 5. ^https://interactive.wttw.com/remembering-chicago/mayor-jane-byrne-1979-1983 6. ^{{cite news\|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=zAM1AAAAIBAJ&sjid=A08KAAAAIBAJ&dq=bilandic%20blizzard&pg=6311%2C1192586\|work=Bangor Daily News\|date=April 4, 1979\|title=Chicago elects Byrne\|accessdate=June 17, 2012\|location=Bangor, Me.\|page=1\|via=Google News Archive}} 7. ^http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=8134 8. ^http://chicagodemocracy.org/ElectionResults.jsp?election=crdd_primary%2Ccrdd_1979_primary_election%2Cil_chi_mayor 9. ^http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=388002 10. ^{{vcite news \|author=Martin Waldron \|title=The Socialist Campaign: Low Funds, High Hopes \|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=CckMAAAAIBAJ&sjid=zGADAAAAIBAJ&pg=7244,663217 \|work=St. Petersburg Times \|date= January 2, 1972 \|pages=9-A }} 11. ^{{cite web\| url=http://chicagodemocracy.org/ElectionResults.jsp?election=crdd_general%2Ccrdd_1979_general_election%2Cil_chi_mayor \| title=Election Results for 1979 General Election, Mayor, Chicago, IL}} {{Illinois elections}}{{Illinois-election-stub}} 5 : Mayoral elections in Chicago\|1979 United States mayoral elections\|1979 Illinois elections\|20th century in Chicago\|1970s in Chicago
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词条

1979 Chicago mayoral election

释义

Primaries and nominations
Democratic primary Republican primary Socialist Workers nomination
General election
References

{{Infobox Election
| election_name = Chicago mayoral election, 1979
| country = Chicago
| type = presidential
| ongoing = no
| previous_year = 1977 (special)
| next_year = 1983
| election_date = April 3, 1979
| turnout = 61%^[1] {{increase}} 21 pp
| image1 =
| nominee1 = Jane Byrne
| party1 = Democratic Party (United States)
| running_mate1 =
| colour1 =
| popular_vote1 = 700,874
| percentage1 = 82.1%
| image2 =
| nominee2 = Wallace D. Johnson
| party2 = Republican Party (United States)
| colour2 =
| running_mate2 =
| popular_vote2 = 137,664
| percentage2 = 16.1%
| map_image =
| map_size =
| map_caption =
| title = Mayor
| before_election = Michael A. Bilandic
| before_party = Democratic Party (United States)
| after_election = Jane Byrne
| after_party = Democratic Party (United States)
}}{{ElectionsIL}}

In the Chicago mayoral election of 1979 Democrat Jane Byrne defeated Republican Wallace Johnson by a landslide 66% margin of victory, winning more than 82% of the vote and becoming Chicago's first female mayor.^[2]

Primaries and nominations

Democratic primary

In what was regarded to be a major upset to the Chicago Democratic political machine, Jane Byrne succeeded in pulling off an insurgent challenge to incumbent mayor Michael Bilandic.^[3]

Byrne, whom Bilandic had previously fired from the post of the city's Commissioner of Consumer Sales in 1977,^[3]^[4] had launched an underdog challenge to Bilandic, who had received the backing of the Cook County Democratic Party.^[3]

Turnout in the primary was among the greatest in Chicago mayoral history.^[3] By some reports, turnout was 839,443, which was 58.97% of Chicago's 1,423,476 voters.^[3] Turnout exceeded the average mayoral primary election turnout in the years since 1955 by more than 10 percentage points.^[3]

Byrne won more than half of the city's wards.^[3] She swept the city's black wards, winning more than 2/3 of votes from them.^[3]

Byrne had lambasted Bilandic's government's slow response to the 1979 Chicago blizzard, criticism which was greatly credited with fueling her upset victory.^[5]^[6]

{{electiontable|Chicago Democratic Party Mayoral primary, 1979}}
|- bgcolor="#E9E9E9" align="center"

Chicago Democratic Party Mayoral Primary, 1979^[7]^[8]
|- bgcolor="#E9E9E9" align="center"

Candidate

Votes

+/-
|-
| bgcolor="#3333FF" |
| align="left" | Jane Byrne
| {{formatnum:412909}}
| {{formatnum:51.04%}}
| N/A
|-
| bgcolor="#3333FF" |
| align="left" | Michael A. Bilandic (incumbent)
| {{formatnum:396194}}
| {{formatnum:48.96%}}
| -2.14%
|-
| colspan="2" align="left" | Majority
| {{formatnum:16775}}
| {{formatnum:2.07%}}
| +16.33%
|-
| colspan="2" align="left" | Total
| {{formatnum:809043}} || {{formatnum:100.00%}}
| N/A
|-
|}

Republican primary

Wallace D. Johnson, an investment banker,^[3] won a landslide victory in the Republican primary.

{{electiontable|Chicago Republican Party Mayoral primary, 1979}}
|- bgcolor="#E9E9E9" align="center"

Chicago Republican Party Mayoral Primary, 1979^[9]
|- bgcolor="#E9E9E9" align="center"

Candidate

Votes

+/-
|-
| bgcolor="#FF3333" |
| align="left" | Wallace D. Johnson
| {{formatnum:18268}}
| {{formatnum:86.39%}}
| N/A
|-
| bgcolor="#FF3333" |
| align="left" | Raymond G. Wardingley
| {{formatnum:2877}}
| {{formatnum:13.61%}}
| N/A
|-
| colspan="2" align="left" | Majority
| {{formatnum:15391}}
| {{formatnum:72.79%}}
| N/A
|-
| colspan="2" align="left" | Total
| {{formatnum:21144}} || {{formatnum:100.00%}}
| N/A
|-
|}

Socialist Workers nomination

The Socialist Workers Party nominated Andrew Pulley. Pulley had been the party's vice presidential nominee in 1972.^[10]

General election

{{Election box begin no change| title=Mayor of Chicago 1979^[11] (General Election)}}{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change
|party = Democratic Party (United States)
|candidate = Jane Byrne
|votes = 700,874
|percentage = 82.05
}}{{Election box candidate with party link no change
|party = Republican Party (United States)
|candidate = Wallace D. Johnson
|votes = 137,663
|percentage = 16.12
}}{{Election box candidate with party link no change
|party = Socialist Workers Party (United States)
|candidate = Andrew Pulley
|votes = 15,625
|percentage = 1.83
}}{{Election box turnout no change
|votes = 854,162
|percentage =
}}{{Election box end}}

References

1. ^{{cite web |last1=Denvir |first1=Daniel |title=Voter Turnout in U.S. Mayoral Elections Is Pathetic, But It Wasn't Always This Way |url=https://www.citylab.com/equity/2015/05/mayoral-election-voting-turnout/393737/ |publisher=City Lab (The Atlantic) |accessdate=11 December 2018 |date=May 22, 2015}}
2. ^http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=123285
3. ^¹²³⁴⁵⁶⁷⁸{{cite news |last1=Kneeland |first1=Douglas A. |title=Jane Byrne's Defeat of Mayor Shatters Image of Democratic Machine in Chicago |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1979/03/01/archives/jane-byrnes-defeat-of-mayor-shatters-image-of-democratic-machine-in.html |publisher=New York Times |date=March 1, 1979}}
4. ^https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=266&dat=19771219&id=P5AzAAAAIBAJ&sjid=HeEFAAAAIBAJ&pg=923,6168601
5. ^https://interactive.wttw.com/remembering-chicago/mayor-jane-byrne-1979-1983
6. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=zAM1AAAAIBAJ&sjid=A08KAAAAIBAJ&dq=bilandic%20blizzard&pg=6311%2C1192586|work=Bangor Daily News|date=April 4, 1979|title=Chicago elects Byrne|accessdate=June 17, 2012|location=Bangor, Me.|page=1|via=Google News Archive}}
7. ^http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=8134
8. ^http://chicagodemocracy.org/ElectionResults.jsp?election=crdd_primary%2Ccrdd_1979_primary_election%2Cil_chi_mayor
9. ^http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=388002
10. ^{{vcite news |author=Martin Waldron |title=The Socialist Campaign: Low Funds, High Hopes |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=CckMAAAAIBAJ&sjid=zGADAAAAIBAJ&pg=7244,663217 |work=St. Petersburg Times |date= January 2, 1972 |pages=9-A }}
11. ^{{cite web| url=http://chicagodemocracy.org/ElectionResults.jsp?election=crdd_general%2Ccrdd_1979_general_election%2Cil_chi_mayor | title=Election Results for 1979 General Election, Mayor, Chicago, IL}}

5 : Mayoral elections in Chicago|1979 United States mayoral elections|1979 Illinois elections|20th century in Chicago|1970s in Chicago

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