“North American P-64”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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North American P-64

释义

Design and development
NA-50 NA-68
Operational history
Operators
Surviving aircraft
Specifications (NA-68/P-64)
See also
References
Notes Bibliography
External links

name = NA-50, NA-68/P-64

image = File:North American P-64 061024-F-1234P-027.jpg

caption = North American P-64

}}{{Infobox Aircraft Type

type =Fighter

manufacturer =North American Aviation

designer =

first flight =May 1939 (NA-50)^[1]
1 September 1940 (NA-68)^[1]

introduced =

retired = 1950 (Peru)

status =

primary user = Peruvian Air Force

more users = United States Army Air Forces

produced =

number built =13

unit cost =

developed from = North American NA-16

variants with their own articles =
}}

The North American P-64 was the designation assigned by the United States Army Air Corps (USAAC) to the North American Aviation NA-68 fighter, an upgraded variant of the NA-50 developed during the late 1930s. Seven NA-50s were purchased by the Peruvian Air Force, which nicknamed it Torito ("Little Bull").

Six NA-68s ordered by the Royal Thai Air Force were seized before export by the US government in 1941, after the Franco-Thai War and growing ties between Thailand and the Empire of Japan. These aircraft were used by the USAAC as unarmed fighter trainers.

The Peruvian NA-50s subsequently saw action during the Ecuadorian-Peruvian War of 1941.

Design and development

NA-50

The North American Aviation NA-50 was developed as a simple single-seat, low-wing, single-engined fighter for export. The design was developed from the NA-16/BT-9 basic training aircraft of 1935. The NA-16 evolved into a series of aircraft that were some of the most widely used advanced and basic training aircraft produced by any country, and provided the basic design for a single-engined fighter intended for small countries that needed a simple aircraft with modern capabilities and features.

The NA-50 Torito (Spanish slang for "little bull"), built for Peru, was a single-seat fighter design based on the two-seat Basic Combat Demonstrator NA-44. The NA-50 was powered by an 840 hp (626 kW) Wright R-1820-G3 radial air-cooled engine that gave the NA-50 a top speed of 295 mph at 9,500 feet. It was armed with two .30 in (7.62 mm) M1919 Browning machine guns. The aircraft were manufactured in May 1939, and test-flown at the factory.^[2]

NA-68

In 1940, the Royal Thai Air Force ordered six aircraft similar to the NA-50 that were designated NA-68. The changes in the NA-68 included a modified landing gear, new outer wings, heavier armament, and redesigned tail surfaces similar to those adopted on later production trainers. North American test pilot Lewis Waite flew the first NA-68 on 1 September 1940.^[1]

Operational history

Peru purchased seven aircraft for the Peruvian Air Force, with deliveries completed in May 1939. In Peruvian service, these aircraft were fitted with bomb racks under the fuselage for light bombs. The Peruvian NA-50s took part in the Ecuadorian-Peruvian war of July 1941, supporting Army of Peru ground forces.^[3]

In 1940, the NA-68s (along with a parallel order for NA-69 two seaters) ordered by the Royal Thai Air Force were en route to Thailand when their export clearance was cancelled and were returned to the United States where they were assigned the designation P-64, disarmed, and used for advanced fighter training.

Operators

{{Flag|Peru}}

Peruvian Air Force

{{USA}}

United States Army Air Corps/United States Army Air Forces

Surviving aircraft

NA-50 XXI-41-3 (c/n 50-950). One of the original seven NA-50s built is displayed on a pedestal in front of the Museo Aeronáutico del Perú at Las Palmas Air Base, Lima, Peru, next to the Mausoleum of Captain José Quiñones Gonzáles, (a Peruvian hero who died flying an NA-50). This example was initially assigned to Escuadrón de Aviación No.1 (Chiclayo Field) and was later transferred to the 28th Advanced Fighter Training Group, 4th squadron until retired in 1967.^[4]
NA-68A 41-19085 (c/n 68-3061). One of the six intercepted Thailand-bound P-64s which survived being used for training and liaison is now displayed at the EAA AirVenture Museum. This aircraft has been restored to flying condition, with the engine running again in 2013, followed by its first flying appearance at the 2016 EAA AirVenture Oshkosh airshow.

Specifications (NA-68/P-64)

{{Aircraft specifications
|plane or copter?=plane
|jet or prop?=prop
|ref={{Citation needed|date=April 2010}}
|crew=One
|length main=27 ft
|length alt=8.23 m
|span main=37 ft 3 in
|span alt=11.35 m
|height main=19 ft 8 in
|height alt=5.99 m
|area main=
|area alt=
|empty weight main=4,660 lb
|empty weight alt=2,114 kg
|loaded weight main=5,990 lb
|loaded weight alt=2,717 kg
|max takeoff weight main=6,800 lb
|max takeoff weight alt=3,080 kg
|more general=
|engine (prop)=Wright R-1820-G5
|type of prop=radial engine
|number of props=1
|power main=950 hp
|power alt=708 kW
|max speed main={{convert|295|mph|km/h}}
|max speed alt=
|max speed more=at 8,700 ft (2,650 m)
|range main=
|range alt=1,550 km
|ceiling main=27,500 ft
|ceiling alt=8,400 m
|climb rate main=
|climb rate alt=
|loading main=26 lb/ft²
|loading alt=/m²
|power/mass main=0.13 hp/lb
|power/mass alt=0.21 kW/kg
|more performance=
|armament=

4 × .30 in (7.62 mm) machine guns (2 synchronized in the nose, 1 in each wing)
2 × 20 mm cannons (Located in pods beneath each wing)
Up to 400 lb (181 kg) of bombs

}}

References

Notes

1. ^¹Gates, John and Tom Lymburn. "North American P-64/NA-50 – N840." {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140325055252/http://museum.eaa.org/collection/aircraft/North%20American%20P-64_NA-50.asp |date=2014-03-25 }} AirVenture Museum. Retrieved: 6 January 2012.
2. ^¹Green 1961, p. 134.
3. ^Cooper, Tom Cooper and Esteban Rivera."The Most Powerful Air Force in Latin America." Acig.org, 1 September 2003. Retrieved: 26 March 2010.
4. ^Hanson, David. "NA-50A XXI-41-3 history." daveswarbirds.com. Retrieved: 26 March 2010.

Bibliography

Green, William. War Planes of the Second World War - Fighters (Vol 4). London: MacDonald, 1961.

External links

WEDNESDAY NIGHT AIR SHOW
P-64 Runs for First Time in Decades
Airventure Museum: North American P-64/NA-50 – N840
North American P-64

5 : United States fighter aircraft 1940–1949|North American Aviation aircraft|Single-engined tractor aircraft|Low-wing aircraft|Aircraft first flown in 1939

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