| 词条 | 1982 Costa Rican general election | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| election_name = Costa Rican general election, 1982 | country = Costa Rica | type = presidential | ongoing = no | previous_election = Costa Rican general election, 1978 | previous_year = 1978 | next_election = Costa Rican general election, 1986 | next_year = 1986 | election_date = 7 February 1982 | turnout = 69.1% | image1 = | nominee1 = Luis Alberto Monge | party1 = National Liberation Party (Costa Rica) | home_state1 = Alajuela | popular_vote1 = 568,374 | percentage1 = 58.8% | image2 = | nominee2 = Rafael Ángel Calderón | party2 = Unity Coalition | home_state2 = San José | popular_vote2 = 542,434 | percentage2 = 33.6% | image3 = | nominee3 = Mario Echandi | home_state3 = San José | colour3 = FFFF00 | party3 = National Movement | popular_vote3 = 37,127 | percentage3 = 3.8% | map_image = Resultados electorales provinciales 1970.png | map_size = | map_alt = | map = | map_caption = In green provinces won by Monge | title = President | before_election = Rodrigo Carazo | before_party = Unity Coalition | after_election = Luis Alberto Monge | after_party = National Liberation Party (Costa Rica) }}{{Politics of Costa Rica}}General elections were held in Costa Rica on 7 February 1982.[1] Luis Alberto Monge of the National Liberation Party won the presidential election, whilst his party also won the parliamentary election. Voter turnout was 78.6%.[2] Affected by a deep economic crisis and tensions with Somoza’s Nicaragua due to Rodrigo Carazo’s support of the FSLN, Carazo’s government suffered from extremely low popularity. This naturally affected the Unity Coalition (Carazo’s party) and its candidate Rafael Ángel Calderón Fournier giving to PLN and its candidate trade union leader and farmer Luis Alberto Monge a landslide victory and the party's biggest parliamentary group in its history (33 deputies). Nevertheless, Unity remained as the second most voted party in the election as Calderón was able to attract the traditional and very loyal Calderonista vote.[3] The crisis was also beneficial for the Left as it achieved a historical high voting and four seats in Parliament (the biggest group since 1948) with Dr. Rodrigo Gutiérrez repeating candidacy from United People. Another candidate was former president Mario Echandi by the conservative and anti-Communist National Movement, but Echandi’s candidacy was testimonial receiving almost as many votes as Gutierrez (3% each), according to some due to his incapacity to understand modern times when personal wealth and family origin was not enough to win an election. [4] ResultsPresident
By province
| title=Popular Vote | titlebar=#ddd | width=500px | barwidth=300px | bars={{bar percent|National Liberation|#228B22|58.8}}{{bar percent|Unity Coalition|#1E90FF|33.6}}{{bar percent|National Movement|#FFFF78|3.8}}{{bar percent|United People|#E31717|3.3}}{{bar percent|Independent|#78946E|0.2}}{{bar percent|Democratic|#EBD61A|0.2}} }} Parliament{{bar box| title=Popular Vote | titlebar=#ddd | float=right | width=500px | barwidth=300px | bars={{bar percent|National Liberation|#228B22|55.2}}{{bar percent|Unity Coalition|#1E90FF|29.1}}{{bar percent|United People|#E31717|6.4}}{{bar percent|National Movement|#FFFF78|3.6}}{{bar percent|Alajuelense Dem. Action|#FF7E1C|1.3}}{{bar percent|National Democratic|#292929|1.2}}{{bar percent|Cartago Agrarian Union|#AE23B8|0.8}}{{bar percent|Costa Rican Concord|#4366F1|0.5}}{{bar percent|Other|grey|1.9}} }}{{bar box | title=Seats | titlebar=#ddd | float=right | width=500px | barwidth=300px | bars={{bar percent|National Liberation|#228B22|57.89}}{{bar percent|Unity Coalition|#1E90FF|31.57}}{{bar percent|United People|#E31717|7.01}}{{bar percent|National Movement|#FFFF78|1.75}}{{bar percent|Alajuelense Dem. Action|#FF7E1C|1.75}} }}
By province
References1. ^Nohlen, D (2005) Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume I, p155 {{ISBN|978-0-19-928357-6}} {{Costa Rican elections}}2. ^Nohlen, p157 3. ^{{cite book|last1=Lehoucq|first1=Fabrice|title=The Politics of Modern Central America|url=https://books.google.co.cr/books?id=c_ESDXq_ibkC&pg=PA61&lpg=PA61&dq=rodrigo+carazo+1978+costa+rican+election&source=bl&ots=b9rODbmZwX&sig=UGr2rt-jOwEZdUgK5YYRKX0TExo&hl=es&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=rodrigo%20carazo%201978%20costa%20rican%20election&f=false|accessdate=16 August 2016}} 4. ^{{cite book|last1=White|first1=Stephen|last2=Webb|first2=Paul|title=Party Politics in New Democracies|publisher=Oxford University Press|url=https://books.google.co.cr/books?id=-tYSDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA311&lpg=PA311&dq=unity+coalition+1978+costa+rican+election&source=bl&ots=2qvGMiHWD0&sig=DeFYt-necEv17Y_jGuAIwDm1V4k&hl=es&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=unity%20coalition%201978%20costa%20rican%20election&f=false|accessdate=16 August 2016}} 3 : 1982 elections in Central America|1982 in Costa Rica|Elections in Costa Rica |
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