| 词条 | 1995 Madrilenian regional election | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| election_name = 1995 Madrilenian regional election | country = Madrid | type = parliamentary | ongoing = no | previous_election = 1991 Madrilenian regional election | previous_year = 1991 | next_election = 1999 Madrilenian regional election | next_year = 1999 | outgoing_members = | elected_members = | seats_for_election = All 103 seats in the Assembly of Madrid | majority_seats = 52 | opinion_polls = 1995 Madrilenian regional election#Opinion polls | registered = 4,129,852 {{small|7.6%}} | turnout = 2,907,141 (70.4%) 11.7 pp | election_date = 28 May 1995 | image1 = | leader1 = Alberto Ruiz-Gallardón | party1 = People's Party of the Community of Madrid | leader_since1 = 8 February 1987 | last_election1 = 47 seats, 42.7% | seats1 = 54 | seat_change1 = 7 | popular_vote1 = 1,476,442 | percentage1 = 51.0% | swing1 = 8.3 pp | image2 = | leader2 = Joaquín Leguina | party2 = Madrilenian Socialist Federation | leader_since2 = 14 December 1979 | last_election2 = 41 seats, 36.6% | seats2 = 32 | seat_change2 = 9 | popular_vote2 = 860,726 | percentage2 = 29.7% | swing2 = 6.9 pp | image3 = | leader3 = Ángel Pérez | party3 = IU | colour3 = 732021 | leader_since3 = 24 February 1993 | last_election3 = 13 seats, 12.1% | seats3 = 17 | seat_change3 = 4 | popular_vote3 = 464,167 | percentage3 = 16.0% | swing3 = 3.9 pp | map_image = | map_size = | map_caption = | title = President | before_election = Joaquín Leguina | before_party = Madrilenian Socialist Federation | after_election = Alberto Ruiz-Gallardón | after_party = People's Party of the Community of Madrid }} The 1995 Madrilenian regional election was held on Sunday, 28 May 1995, to elect the 4th Assembly of the Autonomous Community of Madrid. All 103 seats in the Assembly were up for election. The election was held simultaneously with regional elections in twelve other autonomous communities and local elections all throughout Spain. The election resulted in the People's Party (PP) winning an absolute majority of votes and seats for the first time, which allowed Alberto Ruiz-Gallardón to become President and end 12 years of Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) rule in the community. Joaquín Leguina's PSOE suffered from PM Felipe González' unpopularity at national level and fell below 30% for the first time in a regional election. The third party, United Left (IU), benefitted from the PSOE's decline and polled just over 16%, their highest vote share at a Madrid Assembly election to date. OverviewElectoral systemThe Assembly of Madrid was the devolved, unicameral legislature of the autonomous community of Madrid, having legislative power in regional matters as defined by the Spanish Constitution and the Madrilenian Statute of Autonomy, as well as the ability to vote confidence in or withdraw it from a President of the Community.[1] Voting for the Assembly was on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprised all nationals over eighteen, registered in the Community of Madrid and in full enjoyment of their political rights. All members of the Assembly of Madrid were elected using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation, with a threshold of 5 percent of valid votes—which included blank ballots—being applied regionally. Parties not reaching the threshold were not taken into consideration for seat distribution. The Assembly was entitled to one member per each 50,000 inhabitants or fraction greater than 25,000.[1][2] The electoral law provided that parties, federations, coalitions and groupings of electors were allowed to present lists of candidates. However, groupings of electors were required to secure the signature of at least 0.5 percent of the electors registered in the Community of Madrid. Electors were barred from signing for more than one list of candidates. Concurrently, parties and federations intending to enter in coalition to take part jointly at an election were required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election being called.[2][3][4] Election dateThe term of the Assembly of Madrid expired four years after the date of its previous election. Elections to the Assembly were fixed for the fourth Sunday of May every four years. The previous election was held on 26 May 1991, setting the election date for the Assembly on Sunday, 28 May 1995.[1][2][3][4] The President of the Community had the prerogative to dissolve the Assembly of Madrid and call a snap election, provided that no motion of no confidence was in process and that dissolution did not occur before one year had elapsed since the previous one.[5] In the event of an investiture process failing to elect a regional President within a two-month period from the first ballot, the Assembly was to be automatically dissolved and a fresh election called. Any snap election held as a result of these circumstances would not alter the period to the next ordinary election, with elected deputies merely serving out what remained of their four-year terms.[1] Opinion pollsThe table below lists voting intention estimates in reverse chronological order, showing the most recent first and using the dates when the survey fieldwork was done, as opposed to the date of publication. Where the fieldwork dates are unknown, the date of publication is given instead. The highest percentage figure in each polling survey is displayed with its background shaded in the leading party's colour. If a tie ensues, this is applied to the figures with the highest percentages. The "Lead" column on the right shows the percentage-point difference between the parties with the highest percentages in a given poll. When available, seat projections are also displayed below the voting estimates in a smaller font. 52 seats were required for an absolute majority in the Assembly of Madrid.
ResultsOverall
|title=Popular vote |titlebar=#ddd |width=550px |barwidth=500px |bars={{bar percent|PP|{{People's Party of the Community of Madrid/meta/color}}|50.98}}{{bar percent|PSOE|{{Madrilenian Socialist Federation/meta/color}}|29.72}}{{bar percent|IU|{{United Left of the Community of Madrid/meta/color}}|16.03}}{{bar percent|Others|#777777|1.94}}{{bar percent|Blank ballots|#DDDDDD|1.34}} }}{{bar box |title=Seats |titlebar=#ddd |width=550px |barwidth=500px |bars={{bar percent|PP|{{People's Party of the Community of Madrid/meta/color}}|52.43}}{{bar percent|PSOE|{{Madrilenian Socialist Federation/meta/color}}|31.07}}{{bar percent|IU|{{United Left of the Community of Madrid/meta/color}}|16.50}} }} Elected legislatorsThe following table lists the elected legislators sorted by order of election.[20]
AftermathInvestiture processes to elect the President of the Community of Madrid required for an absolute majority—more than half the votes cast—to be obtained in the first ballot. If unsuccessful, a new ballot would be held 48 hours later requiring of a simple majority—more affirmative than negative votes—to succeed. If none of such majorities were achieved, successive candidate proposals could be processed under the same procedure. In the event of the investiture process failing to elect a regional President within a two-month period from the first ballot, the Assembly would be automatically dissolved and a snap election called.[1]
References
1. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite act |title=Statute of Autonomy of the Community of Madrid of 1983 |type=Organic Law |number=3 |work=Official State Gazette |language=Spanish |date=25 February 1983 |url=https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-1983-6317&tn=1&p=19940325 |accessdate=22 February 2017}} 2. ^1 2 {{cite act |title=Community of Madrid Electoral Law of 1986 |type=Law |number=11 |work=Official Gazette of the Community of Madrid |language=Spanish |date=16 November 1986 |url=https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-1987-4255&tn=1&p=19950504 |accessdate=22 February 2017}} 3. ^1 {{cite act |title=General Electoral System Organic Law of 1985 |type=Organic Law |number=5 |work=Official State Gazette |language=Spanish |date=19 June 1985 |url=https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-1985-11672&tn=1&p=19950324 |accessdate=28 December 2016}} 4. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.juntaelectoralcentral.es/cs/jec/documentos/LOREG_ENG |title=Representation of the people Institutional Act |author= |date= |website=juntaelectoralcentral.es |publisher=Central Electoral Commission |accessdate=16 June 2017}} 5. ^{{cite act |title=1990 law regulating the power of dissolution of the Assembly of Madrid by the President of the Community |type=Law |number=5 |work=Official Gazette of the Community of Madrid |language=Spanish |date=17 May 1990 |url=https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-1990-23935&tn=1&p=19900529 |accessdate=14 September 2017}} 6. ^{{cite web |title=El PP se impuso en diez comunidades |url=http://diariodenavarra.mynewsonline.com/index.php?screen=preview&ref=NAV19950529G004 |language=Spanish |work=Diario de Navarra |date=29 May 1995}} 7. ^{{cite web |title=El PP será la fuerza más votada en 12 comunidades |url=http://elpais.com/diario/1995/05/20/espana/800920832_850215.html |language=Spanish |work=El País |date=20 May 1995}} 8. ^{{cite web |title=Ruiz Gallardón gana a Leguina por mayoría absoluta |url=https://elpais.com/diario/1995/05/20/portada/800920804_850215.html |language=Spanish |work=El País |date=20 May 1995}} 9. ^{{cite web |title=Mañana, previsiones para las municipales |url=https://elpais.com/diario/1995/05/20/espana/800920801_850215.html |language=Spanish |work=El País |date=20 May 1995}} 10. ^{{cite web |title=El PP gana en doce autonomías y el PSOE sólo en Extremadura, según un sondeo |url=http://hemeroteca.lavanguardia.com/preview/1995/05/21/pagina-16/33769178/pdf.html |language=Spanish |work=La Vanguardia |date=21 May 1995}} 11. ^{{cite web |title=Preelectoral Autonómicas Madrid (Estudio nº 2159. Abril-Mayo 1995) |url=http://www.cis.es/cis/export/sites/default/-Archivos/Marginales/2140_2159/2159/e215900.html |language=Spanish |work=CIS |date=10 May 1995}} 12. ^{{cite web |title=Estudio CIS nº 2159. Ficha técnica |url=http://www.cis.es/cis/export/sites/default/-Archivos/Marginales/2140_2159/2159/FT2159.pdf |language=Spanish |work=CIS |date=10 May 1995}} 13. ^1 {{cite web |title=El PP gobernará con holgura la Comunidad de Madrid al superar la suma de los votos de socialistas y comunistas |url=http://hemeroteca.abc.es/nav/Navigate.exe/hemeroteca/madrid/abc/1995/05/20/025.html |language=Spanish |work=ABC |date=20 May 1995}} 14. ^{{cite web |title=El PP consumará su caída en Madrid, donde también le rebasa IU |url=http://hemeroteca.abc.es/nav/Navigate.exe/hemeroteca/madrid/abc/1995/01/09/022.html |language=Spanish |work=ABC |date=9 January 1995}} 15. ^{{cite web |title=IU recela de un pacto con el PSOE pese al sondeo en el que cae la izquierda |url=https://elpais.com/diario/1994/04/10/madrid/765977074_850215.html |language=Spanish |work=El País |date=10 April 1994}} 16. ^{{cite web |title=El PP se atribuye mayoría absoluta en la región si las elecciones fuesen ahora |url=https://elpais.com/diario/1993/02/21/madrid/730297464_850215.html |language=Spanish |work=El País |date=21 February 1993}} 17. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.asambleamadrid.es/ES/QueEsLaAsamblea/Historia/Legislaturasanteriores/Paginas/04/resultados_iv_legislaturas.aspx |title=Summary and electoral results of the IV Legislature |language=Spanish |website=asambleamadrid.es |publisher=Assembly of Madrid |accessdate=30 September 2017}} 18. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.juntaelectoralcentral.es/cs/jec/documentos/MADRID_1995_Resultados.pdf |title=Assembly of Madrid election results, 28 May 1995 |date=2 November 1995 |language=Spanish |website=juntaelectoralcentral.es |publisher=Electoral Commission of Madrid |accessdate=30 September 2017}} 19. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.historiaelectoral.com/amadrid.html |title=Assembly of Madrid elections since 1983 |language=Spanish |website=historiaelectoral.com |publisher=Electoral History |accessdate=30 September 2017}} 20. ^{{Smallcaps|Junta Electoral Provincial de Madrid}}: {{Cite journal|issn=1989-4791 |issue=261|date=2 November 1995|url=http://www.bocm.es/boletin/CM_Boletin_BOCM/1995/11/02/26100.pdf|title=Elecciones a la Asamblea de Madrid 1995|journal=Boletín Oficial de la Comunidad de Madrid|pages=25–26}}
4 : 1995 in the Community of Madrid|1995 regional elections in Spain|Regional elections in the Community of Madrid|May 1995 events in Europe |
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