| 词条 | Nowra, New South Wales |
| 释义 |
|name = Nowra |state = nsw |image = Cambewarra lookout.jpg |caption = Nowra area from Cambewarra Lookout |pop = 35795 | pop_year = {{CensusAU|2016}} | pop_footnotes = [1] |poprank = |density = |coordinates = {{coord|34|53|S|150|36|E|display=inline,title}} |est = 1852 |area = 202.4 |timezone = AEST |utc = +10 |timezone-dst= AEDT |utc-dst = +11 |lga = City of Shoalhaven |fedgov = Gilmore |stategov = South Coast |dist1 = 160 |location1 = Sydney | near-n = Bomaderry | near-ne = Bolong | near-e = Terara | near-se = Worrigee | near-s = South Nowra | near-sw = Mundamia | near-w = West Nowra | near-nw = North Nowra }}Nowra {{IPAc-en|ˈ|n|aʊr|ə}} is a town in the South Coast region of New South Wales, Australia. It is located {{convert|160|km|mi}} south-southwest of the state capital of Sydney (about {{convert|120|km|mi}} as the crow flies.) With its twin-town of Bomaderry, as at the {{CensusAU|2016}}, Nowra had an estimated population of 35,795.[1] It is also the seat and commercial centre of the City of Shoalhaven. Geologically, the city is situated in the southern reaches of the Sydney basin.[2] The region around Nowra is a farming community, sustaining a thriving dairy industry[4] and a number of State forests, but is also increasingly a retirement and leisure area for Canberra and Sydney. The naval air station HMAS Albatross is located about {{convert|10|km|mi}} south-west of Nowra. The name Nowra, originally written by Europeans as 'nou-woo-ro' (pronounced Nowa Nowa by the Indigenous Australians of the area), is an Aboriginal word for black cockatoo.[3] HistoryThe Nowra region, south of Bomaderry Creek was inhabited by the Wodi-Wodi tribe of the Yuin nation while north of Bomaderry Creek was inhabited by the Dharawal Aboriginal people prior to European arrival. Around 1824, ex-convict Mary Reibey applied for a land grant in the Burrier area, on the southern side of the Shoalhaven River. The Nowra township was officially recognised in 1852. Less than ten years later, in 1861, a postal service was established. Also in that year, the racehorse 'Archer', trained in Nowra by Etienne de Mestre, won the first Melbourne Cup. By 1885, Nowra was declared a town.[4] A major landmark in the area is the house Bundanon, which began as a single-storey weatherboard structure built about 1840. In 1866, a two-storey sandstone house, made of locally quarried stone, was built immediately in front of the weatherboard house. The sandstone house features timber verandahs and is now listed on the Register of the National Estate.[5] Heritage listingsNowra has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:
GeographyNowra is on the Shoalhaven River, which formerly hosted the Australian National wakeboarding championships, it is also a popular fishing location. The river divides Nowra from Bomaderry and North Nowra, and is bridged by the historic Nowra Bridge. The Shoalhaven River is a salt water river, although the river itself does not flow into the sea. The Shoalhaven River meets the sea through the canal that joins the Shoalhaven and Crookhaven Rivers, which was dug by convicts under direction of local entrepreneur and pioneer Alexander Berry. It is also located near Berry, Jervis Bay, Kangaroo Valley, Culburra Beach, Greenwell Point, Huskisson, Shoalhaven Heads and Cambewarra. ClimateWith the warmest month's mean being just 22 °C (71.6 °F), Nowra has a humid subtropical climate (Cfa) under the Köppen climate classification, making it the southernmost city on the coastal strip to be within this climate zone, albeit an isolated one — Nearby coastal cities to the north, such as Wollongong and Kiama, have an oceanic climate (Cfb) as their warmest month's mean doesn't reach the 22 °C threshold.[8] {{Weather box|location = Nowra (HMAS Albatross), elevation: 109 m, averages 2000-2019 |metric first = Yes |single line = Yes |Jan record high C = 45.1 |Feb record high C = 40.5 |Mar record high C = 37.6 |Apr record high C = 34.6 |May record high C = 27.4 |Jun record high C = 23.3 |Jul record high C = 24.7 |Aug record high C = 26.6 |Sep record high C = 33.2 |Oct record high C = 37.1 |Nov record high C = 41.2 |Dec record high C = 43.0 |year record high C = 45.1 |Jan high C = 27.6 |Feb high C = 26.3 |Mar high C = 25.2 |Apr high C = 22.7 |May high C = 19.6 |Jun high C = 16.9 |Jul high C = 16.6 |Aug high C = 18.2 |Sep high C = 21.1 |Oct high C = 23.2 |Nov high C = 24.7 |Dec high C = 25.9 |year high C = 22.3 |Jan low C = 16.5 |Feb low C = 16.7 |Mar low C = 15.1 |Apr low C = 12.3 |May low C = 9.2 |Jun low C = 7.8 |Jul low C = 6.6 |Aug low C = 6.8 |Sep low C = 8.8 |Oct low C = 10.6 |Nov low C = 13.5 |Dec low C = 14.8 |year low C = 11.6 |Jan record low C = 8.6 |Feb record low C = 9.5 |Mar record low C = 7.7 |Apr record low C = 3.7 |May record low C = 3.0 |Jun record low C = 2.5 |Jul record low C = -0.5 |Aug record low C = -0.9 |Sep record low C = 2.5 |Oct record low C = 2.7 |Nov record low C = 5.7 |Dec record low C = 7.4 |year record low C = -0.9 |rain colour = green |Jan rain mm = 65.8 |Feb rain mm = 132.6 |Mar rain mm = 98.6 |Apr rain mm = 67.9 |May rain mm = 52.5 |Jun rain mm = 121.4 |Jul rain mm = 64.7 |Aug rain mm = 72.7 |Sep rain mm = 42.5 |Oct rain mm = 66.7 |Nov rain mm = 72.2 |Dec rain mm = 79.9 |year rain mm = 901.5 |Jan rain days = 10.8 |Feb rain days = 11.8 |Mar rain days = 12.4 |Apr rain days = 12.1 |May rain days = 9.2 |Jun rain days = 11.9 |Jul rain days = 10.0 |Aug rain days = 8.1 |Sep rain days = 8.9 |Oct rain days = 9.7 |Nov rain days = 12.1 |Dec rain days = 10.5 |year rain days = 127.5 |humidity colour = green |Jan afthumidity = 57 |Feb afthumidity = 63 |Mar afthumidity = 59 |Apr afthumidity = 57 |May afthumidity = 55 |Jun afthumidity = 56 |Jul afthumidity = 53 |Aug afthumidity = 46 |Sep afthumidity = 47 |Oct afthumidity = 52 |Nov afthumidity = 56 |Dec afthumidity = 55 |year humidity = 55 |source 1 = BOM[9] |date = August 2016}} DemographicsThe population of Nowra - Bomaderry was 35,795 as at the {{CensusAU|2016}};[1] having grown consistently since 2005 when the estimated population was 31,716.[10] According to the 2006 census, 87.9% of the population of Nowra was born in Australia, with North-West Europe being the most common birthplace of immigrants at 7.5% of the population. 6.1% of the total population are Indigenous Australians. There are 11,386 households in Nowra. There are a total of 8,248 families, with 2,838 containing two Adults with children under 15 and/or dependent students, and 1,163 being one parent families with children under 15 and/or dependent students.[11] The suburb of Nowra[12][13] had a population of 9,193 at the {{CensusAU|2016}}.[14] EconomyThe town has a modern primary school, a town hall (built in 1948), a large retirement village and a tourist industry. Especially in the summer months, when visitors (mostly from Sydney and Canberra) flock to the beaches, to enjoy swimming, surfing, fishing and relaxing in the restaurants and cafés plus hunting for treasures in the shops and boutiques. There are two vineyards producing award-winning wines,{{citation needed|date=October 2016}} one with cellar-door sales.[15] EducationNowra has three public high schools, Nowra High School, Shoalhaven High School and Bomaderry High School. There are also several non-government schools, which are all denominational; a K-12 Christian-based school located in South Nowra, Nowra Christian School; a K-12 Anglican college in Bomaderry, Nowra Anglican College; and a Catholic systemic high school, St John the Evangelist Catholic High School on the outskirts of Nowra. The Catholic high school is linked to St Michael's Catholic Primary School located in Nowra. There are seven public primary schools in the Nowra area as well: East Nowra Public School, Nowra Public School, Bomaderry Public School, Illaroo Road Public School, North Nowra Public School, Nowra Hill Public School and Terara Public School. The University of Wollongong also has a campus in Nowra, and there is a campus of TAFE NSW Illawarra Institute located in Bomaderry. HealthThere are two hospitals in Nowra, the Shoalhaven District Memorial Hospital, a hub for Oncology services, and Nowra Private Hospital. SportsThe four major codes of football in Australia are all popular in the Nowra area. Rugby union is represented by the Shoalhaven Rugby Club, the team plays out of Rugby Park in South Nowra. The club won the 2008 premiership in the Illawarra district competition, and has produced international and provincial players such as Andrew Walker and Alex Kanaar. Australian rules football is played by three clubs from the Shoalhaven area, with the Nowra Albatross Vikings playing at West Street Oval, and the Bomaderry Tigers at Artie Smith Oval. Further south, the Bay and Basin Bombers play at the Leisure Centre at Vincentia. These four clubs are all members of the South Coast AFL, fielding junior and senior teams. Rugby league has traditionally been represented by the Nowra Warriors and Bomaderry Swamprats. However, at the end of 2007 these teams merged to form the Shoalhaven Jets Rugby League Football Club. The Shoalhaven Mariners were established in 2006 and represent the area in the sport of baseball. The team plays home matches out of Fred Finch Park in Berkeley, Wollongong. Baseball has a new venue at the South Nowra Soccer Complex.[16] The Shoalhaven Tigers represent the area in the New South Wales State Basketball League and have won several championships from 1988 until 2007.{{Citation needed|date=March 2008}} Archer was an Australian thoroughbred racehorse who won the first and the second Melbourne Cups in 1861 and 1862. He won both Cups easily, and is one of only five horses to have won the Melbourne Cup on two or more occasions, and one of only four horses to have won two successive Cups. Archer was trained in the Nowra area. Public transportNowra Coaches operate services from Nowra to Bomaderry, Huskisson, Vincentia and Jervis Bay.[17] Shoal Bus operates services from Gerringong to Ulladulla.[18]Although Nowra has no direct rail connection, the Illawarra railway line terminates at Bomaderry with NSW TrainLink operating services to Kiama and Sydney.[19] Notable people
See also
References1. ^1 2 {{Census 2016 AUS|id=SUA1024|name=1024 (SUA) |accessdate=1 April 2018 |quick=on}} 2. ^GIF map. dpi.nsw.gov.au 3. ^"Travel: Nowra", Sydney Morning Herald, 8 February 2004. Retrieved on 26 April 2007. 4. ^1 "Nowra Police Station {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110306064701/http://www.policensw.com/region/southern/shoalhaven/lac/ss1.html |date=6 March 2011 }}". NSW Police Regions and History. Retrieved on 29 April 2008 5. ^The Heritage of Australia, Macmillan Company, 1981, p.2/162 6. ^{{cite NSW SHR|5052090|Graham Lodge|hr=01699|fn=10/4265; H99/00505|accessdate=18 May 2018}} 7. ^{{cite NSW SHR|5045719|Meroogal|hr=00953|fn=S90/03398; S96/00465 [S170]|accessdate=18 May 2018}} 8. ^Stern, H., de Hoedt, G. and Ernst, J. 2000. Objective Classification of Australian Climates. Bureau of Meteorology, Melbourne. 9. ^{{BoM Aust stats|site_ref=cw_068072_All|site_name=NOWRA RAN AIR STATION AWS|accessdate=9 August 2016|date=August 2016}} 10. ^{{cite web|title=3218.0 – Regional Population Growth, Australia, 2014-15: Population Estimates by Significant Urban Area, 2005 to 2015|url=http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/DetailsPage/3218.02014-15|website=Australian Bureau of Statistics|publisher=Australian Bureau of Statistics|date=30 March 2016|accessdate=12 September 2016}} Estimated resident population, 30 June 2015. 11. ^National Regional Profile : Nowra-Bomaderry (Statistical Subdivision). Abs.gov.au. Retrieved on 2016-01-02. 12. ^{{NSW GNR|id=MnjLBKsEIt|title=Nowra|accessdate=15 August 2017}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/6076687#map=14/-34.8809/150.6033&layers=N |publisher =OpenStreetMap|title=Nowra|accessdate=15 August 2017}} 14. ^{{Census 2016 AUS |id=SSC13028| name=Nowra| quick=on | accessdate=15 August 2017}} 15. ^{{cite web|title=Nowra Hill Vineyard|url=http://www.winecompanion.com.au/wineries/new-south-wales/shoalhaven-coast/nowra-hill-vineyard|website=Halliday|accessdate=12 October 2016}} 16. ^Mariners start pre-season training. South Coast Register (2010-03-11). Retrieved on 2016-01-02. 17. ^Home Nowra Coaches 18. ^Timetables Shoal Bus 19. ^{{Cite New South Wales transport timetables|South Coast}} External links
6 : City of Shoalhaven|Towns in New South Wales|Towns in the South Coast (New South Wales)|Populated places established in 1852|1852 establishments in Australia|Nowra, New South Wales |
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