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词条 2014 United States Senate special election in Oklahoma
释义

  1. Republican primary

      Candidates    Declared    Declined    Endorsements    Polling    Results  

  2. Democratic primary

      Candidates    Declared    Withdrew    Declined    Endorsements    Polling    Results    Runoff  

  3. Independents

      Candidates    Declared  

  4. General election

      Debates    Predictions    Polling    Results  

  5. See also

  6. Notes

  7. References

  8. External links

{{distinguish|United States Senate election in Oklahoma, 2014}}{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2018}}{{Infobox election
| election_name = United States Senate special election in Oklahoma, 2014
| country = Oklahoma
| type = presidential
| ongoing = no
| previous_election = United States Senate election in Oklahoma, 2010
| previous_year = 2010
| next_election = United States Senate election in Oklahoma, 2016
| next_year = 2016
| election_date = November 4, 2014
| image_size = x150px
| image1 =
| nominee1 = James Lankford
| party1 = Republican Party (United States)
| popular_vote1 = 557,002
| percentage1 = 67.9%
| image2 =
| nominee2 = Connie Johnson
| party2 = Democratic Party (United States)
| popular_vote2 = 237,923
| percentage2 = 29.0%
| map_image = Oklahoma Senate Special Election Results by County, 2014.svg
| map_size = 300px
| map_caption = Country Results

| title = U.S. Senator
| before_election = Tom Coburn
| before_party = Republican Party (United States)
| after_election = James Lankford
| after_party = Republican Party (United States)
}}{{ElectionsOK}}

The 2014 United States Senate special election in Oklahoma took place on November 4, 2014, to elect a member of the United States Senate to represent the State of Oklahoma, concurrently with the regularly-scheduled election to Oklahoma's other Senate seat, as well as other elections to the United States Senate in other states and elections to the United States House of Representatives and various state and local elections.

This special election was held to fill the remaining two years of incumbent Republican Senator Tom Coburn's second term. Coburn, a strong supporter of term limits, had announced even before he was elected to the Senate in 2004 that he would only serve for two terms. After he was re-elected in 2010, he reaffirmed that he would not run for re-election in 2016.[1][2]

In January 2014, Coburn announced he would resign early at the end of the 113th United States Congress on January 3, 2015.[3][4] As pursuant to Oklahoma law, he has submitted an "irrevocable letter of resignation" to take effect on that day. Thus, the special election was held while he was still in office.[5][6]

Unlike most states, except in very specific circumstances,{{#tag:ref|"No special election shall be called if the vacancy occurs after March 1 of any even-numbered year if the term of the office expires the following year. In such case, the candidate elected to the office at the regular General Election shall be appointed by the Governor to fill the unexpired term."[7] | group=lower-alpha}} Oklahoma Governor Mary Fallin does not have the power to appoint a replacement senator. Instead, state law required her to schedule the special election "as soon as practicable".[8]

Primary elections were held on June 24, 2014. The Republicans nominated U.S. Representative James Lankford; as no candidate in the Democratic primary received more than 50% of the vote, a primary runoff election was held on August 26 between State Senator Constance N. Johnson and perennial candidate Jim Rogers, which Johnson won. In the general election, Lankford defeated Johnson in a landslide and was sworn in on the day Coburn's resignation took effect. Lankford easily won re-election to a full six-year term in 2016.

Republican primary

By April 2014, Lankford and T.W. Shannon were seen as the main contenders for the Republican nomination, with Brogdon a potential spoiler who was running even further to the right than they did. Although there was reported to be "little daylight ideologically" between Lankford and Shannon, and both are associated with the Tea Party movement, Shannon attracted the support of figures including Ted Cruz, Mike Lee and Sarah Palin and organizations including FreedomWorks and the Senate Conservatives Fund. They criticized Lankford for his votes to raise the debt ceiling and for being a member of the Republican House leadership. Supporters of Lankford, including the chairman of the Oklahoma Republican Party, pointed out Shannon's ties to the establishment-supporting Congressman Tom Cole, accused Cruz, Lee, Palin and the others of being "outsiders" who were attempting to meddle in the state's primary, and also pointed out that the aforementioned had previously criticized Coburn, whom they were now praising in an attempt to woo him into supporting Shannon.[9] Local Tea Party groups also criticised the national conservatives, saying in an open letter that they had endorsed Shannon without consulting them or examining his record, that Shannon was a "poser" who "had never stepped foot" in a Tea Party meeting before announcing his run for the Senate and "no longer attends grassroots meetings nor does he seek the grassroots support".[10]

In June, Coburn responded to attack ads calling Lankford a "Washington insider" who "votes with liberals" by saying that "political advertisements by groups... supporting T.W. Shannon have crossed an important line — they simply aren't truthful and they mischaracterize James Lankford's service in Congress." He also called Lankford "a man of absolute integrity" who was "one of the most honest, thoughtful and sincere men I have met in my time in Washington." He also praised Lankford's "life experience", "perspective" and willingness to fight the "status quo", but stopped short of fully endorsing him. He did however say that "as a voter", the negative ads from pro-Shannon groups made him question Shannon's ability to govern.[11]

By mid-June, Lankford was considered to have the momentum, a reversal of fortunes, though a runoff was considered likely.[12] Shannon's negative advertisements were considered to have backfired, in contrast to Lankford's advertisements, which were largely positive. Lankford also raised and spent more money than Shannon, who was not significantly helped financially by national conservative groups, who had focused their attention on the primary runoff in Mississippi between incumbent senator Thad Cochran and conservative challenger Chris McDaniel. The runoff in Mississippi was held on the same day as the primary in Oklahoma and Alexandra Jaffe of The Hill reported that Shannon's best hope was to force a runoff, which would allow the national groups to refocus on Oklahoma.[13] Outside spending for Shannon was $1.8m compared to $170,000 for Lankford but Lankford spent $1.8m to Shannon's $1.1m.[14]

In what was considered a surprise result, Lankford defeated Shannon by over 20%, negating the need for a runoff. Lankford ran a strong, well-organised campaign, considered by Congressman Tom Cole to be "probably the best organization in the state that was operating at this time". He was also helped by his "existing statewide presence grounded in the state's burgeoning Baptist community", which goes back to his time before politics when he ran the Falls Creek Baptist Youth Camp,[15] and the fact that his congressional district is based in Oklahoma City, where turnout was predicted to be high because there was also a competitive race in the Republican primary to succeed him. To attempt to counteract that, Shannon targeted the media market in Tulsa.[12][14] Finally, unlike in other races, there was no split between the establishment and the Tea Party, with Shannon not capitalising on an "anti-establishment" wave that benefited others like Ben Sasse in Nebraska. Cole summarised: "We don't need people coming in and telling us who conservatives are, [because] everybody is a conservative. There are no moderates."[14] State Senator David Holt, who supported Shannon, said that Coburn's comments about Lankford were the most important factor, saying that "Senator Coburn is enormously respected in Oklahoma, and when it appeared that he had a preference, I think that the voters listened."[14]

Candidates

Declared

  • Randy Brogdon, former state senator and candidate for Governor in 2010[16]
  • Andy Craig, Army Veteran and sales professional[17]
  • Kevin Crow, college professor[18]
  • James Lankford, U.S. Representative[19]
  • Eric McCray, businessman[20]
  • T.W. Shannon, state representative and former Speaker of the Oklahoma House of Representatives[21]
  • Jason Weger, paramedic[22]

Declined

  • Jim Bridenstine, U.S. Representative[23]
  • Tom Cole, U.S. Representative[24]
  • Patrice Douglas, State Corporation Commissioner and former mayor of Edmond (running for OK-05)[23][25]
  • Mary Fallin, Governor of Oklahoma[31]
  • Frank Keating, former governor of Oklahoma[26]
  • Todd Lamb, Lieutenant Governor of Oklahoma[27]
  • Frank Lucas, U.S. Representative[28][29]
  • Markwayne Mullin, U.S. Representative[30]
  • Scott Pruitt, Attorney General of Oklahoma[24]
  • J. C. Watts, former U.S. Representative[31]

Endorsements

{{Endorsements box
| title = Randy Brogdon
| list =
Organizations
  • Oklahoma Conservative PAC[32]
  • Tulsa Area Republicans Assembly[33]

}}{{Endorsements box
| title = James Lankford
| list =
Individuals
  • Trey Gowdy, United States Representative from South Carolina[34]
  • Mike Huckabee, former governor of Arkansas and candidate for President in 2008[35]
  • Darrell Issa, United States Representative from California[36]
State Legislators[
//#37'>37]
  • Senator Rick Brinkley
  • Senator Mike Mazzei
  • Senator Dan Newberry
  • Senator Gary Stanislawski

}}{{Endorsements box
| title = T.W. Shannon
| list =
Individuals
  • Ben Carson, surgeon and speaker[38]
  • Ted Cruz, United States Senator from Texas[39]
  • Erick Erickson, conservative political commentator and editor-in-chief of RedState[40]
  • Mike Lee, United States Senator from Utah[41]
  • Mark Levin, conservative radio host, author, and constitutional scholar{{Citation needed|date=September 2018}}
  • Ken Miller, Oklahoma State Treasurer[42]
  • Sarah Palin, former governor of Alaska and 2008 Republican vice presidential nominee[43]
  • J. C. Watts, former U.S. Representative (OK-04)
Organizations
  • The American Conservative Union[44]
  • Citizens United[45]
  • FreedomWorks[46][47]
  • GOPAC[48]
  • Senate Conservatives Fund[49]
State Legislators[
//#50'>50]
  • Representative Don Armes
  • Representative John Bennett
  • Representative Gus Blackwell
  • Representative David Brumbaugh
  • Representative Dennis Casey
  • Representative Mike Christian
  • Representative Bobby Cleveland
  • Representative Ann Coody
  • Representative Lee Denney
  • Representative David Derby
  • Representative Jon Echols
  • Representative Katie Henke
  • Senator David Holt
  • Representative Arthur Hulbert
  • Representative Mike Jackson
  • Representative Dennis Johnson
  • Senator Rob Johnson
  • Representative Charlie Joyner
  • Representative Dan Kirby
  • Senator Kyle Loveless
  • Representative Scott Martin
  • Representative Steve Martin
  • Representative Charles McCall
  • Representative Mark McCullough
  • Representative Randy McDaniel
  • Representative Skye McNiel
  • Representative Lewis Moore
  • Representative Jason Murphey
  • Representative Tom Newell
  • Representative Jadine Nollan
  • Representative Terry O'Donnell
  • Representative Leslie Osborn
  • Representative Pat Ownbey
  • Representative Pam Peterson
  • Representative Marty Quinn
  • Representative Dustin Roberts
  • Representative Todd Russ
  • Representative Mike Sanders
  • Representative Colby Schwartz
  • Representative Earl Sears
  • Senator Ralph Shortey
  • Representative Jason Smalley
  • Representative Aaron Stiles
  • Representative Todd Thomsen
  • Representative John Trebilcock
  • Representative Steve Vaughan
  • Representative Ken Walker
  • Representative Weldon Watson
  • Representative Paul Wesselhoft
  • Representative Justin Wood
  • Representative Harold Wright

}}{{Endorsements box
| title = Declined to endorse
| list =
  • Jim Bridenstine, U.S. Representative (OK-01)[9]
  • Tom Coburn, incumbent U.S. Senator[9]
  • Tom Cole, U.S. Representative (OK-04)[9]
  • Mary Fallin, Governor of Oklahoma[9]
  • Jim Inhofe, U.S. Senator (OK)[9]
  • Frank Lucas, U.S. Representative (OK-03)[9]
  • Markwayne Mullin, U.S. Representative (OK-02)[9]

}}

Polling

Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin of
error		 Randy
Brogdon		 Andy
Craig		 Kevin
Crow		 James
Lankford		 Eric
McCray		 T.W.
Shannon		 J. C.
Watts		 Jason
Weger		 Other Undecided
Harper PollingJan 30 – February 1, 2014627± 3.91% — — —37% — 8%40% 2% — 13%
— — —54% — 18% — 1% — 27%
[https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/post-politics/wp/2014/03/12/lankford-up-big-in-oklahoma-gop-senate-primary-internal-poll-shows/ Tarrance Group*] February 10–12, 2014 500 ± 4.9% — — 3%47% —17% — — — 33%
[https://www.scribd.com/doc/219868261/OK-Sen-April-Memo Public Opinion Strategies] February 9–11, 2014 ? ± ? — — —51% — 16% — — 1% 32%
Public Opinion Strategies March 16–17, 2014 500 ± 4.38% 7% — —37% —28% — — 3% 25%
[https://www.scribd.com/doc/219868261/OK-Sen-April-Memo Public Opinion Strategies] April 21–22, 2014 500 ± 4.48% 7% — —32% —42% — — 3% 16%
NSON Opinion Strategy April 23–29, 2014 400 ± ? 3.5% 1% 0.3%30.8% —32% — — 1.0% 32.5%
[https://www.scribd.com/doc/227276892/OK-Poll-Memo-May-30 American Viewpoint] April 27–29, 2014 ? ± ? — — —36% —34% — — ? ?
SoonerPoll May 5–10, 2014 580 ± 4.07% 4.5% 0.6% 1.7%33.8% 0.6%31.9% — 1.5% — 25.4%
Tarrance Group* May 12–14, 2014 501 ± 4.5% 5% — —43% —33% — — — 18%
[https://www.scribd.com/doc/227276892/OK-Poll-Memo-May-30 American Viewpoint] May 27–29, 2014 500 ± 4.4% 4% — —48% —26% — — 3% 18%
Public Opinion Strategies June 7–9, 2014 600 ± 4.81% — — —39% —37% — — 6% 18%
Tarrance Group* June 9–11, 2014 500 ± 4.5% — — —41% —34% — — 7% 18%
SoonerPoll June 14–18, 2014 415 ± 4.81% 3% — —41% —38% — — 2% 16%
SoonerPoll June 19–21, 2014 840 ± 3.38% 4.2% 0.4% 1.4%43.4% 0.9%34.9% — 1.5% — 13.3%
  • Internal poll for James Lankford campaign

Results

{{Election box begin no change
| title = Republican primary results[51]
}}{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change
| candidate = James Lankford
| party = Republican Party (United States)
| votes = 152,749
| percentage = 57.24%
}}{{Election box candidate with party link no change
| candidate = T.W. Shannon
| party = Republican Party (United States)
| votes = 91,854
| percentage = 34.42%
}}{{Election box candidate with party link no change
| candidate = Randy Brogdon
| party = Republican Party (United States)
| votes = 12,934
| percentage = 4.85%
}}{{Election box candidate with party link no change
| candidate = Kevin Crow
| party = Republican Party (United States)
| votes = 2,828
| percentage = 1.06%
}}{{Election box candidate with party link no change
| candidate = Andy Craig
| party = Republican Party (United States)
| votes = 2,427
| percentage = 0.91%
}}{{Election box candidate with party link no change
| candidate = Eric McCray
| party = Republican Party (United States)
| votes = 2,272
| percentage = 0.85%
}}{{Election box candidate with party link no change
| candidate = Jason Weger
| party = Republican Party (United States)
| votes = 1,794
| percentage = 0.67%
}}{{Election box total no change
| votes = 266,858
| percentage = 100.00%
}}{{Election box end}}

Democratic primary

Candidates

Declared

  • Patrick Hayes[66]
  • Constance N. Johnson, state senator[67][52]
  • Jim Rogers, perennial candidate and nominee for the U.S. Senate in 2010[66]

Withdrew

  • Charles Jenkins, retired federal employee[53]

Declined

  • Bill Anoatubby, Governor of the Chickasaw Nation[71]
  • Jari Askins, former lieutenant governor of Oklahoma and nominee for governor in 2010[71]
  • Dan Boren, former U.S. Representative[54]
  • Clark Brewster, attorney[55][56]
  • Kenneth Corn, former state senator and nominee for lieutenant governor in 2010[57]
  • Drew Edmondson, former attorney general of Oklahoma and candidate for governor in 2010[54]
  • Brad Henry, former governor of Oklahoma[58]
  • Kathy Taylor, former mayor of Tulsa[23]

Endorsements

{{Endorsements box
| title = Constance N. Johnson
| list =
Individuals
  • Jesse Jackson, civil rights activist and Baptist minister[59]
Organizations
  • Oklahoma AFL-CIO[60]
  • City Sentinel, newspaper[61]
  • Tulsa World, newspaper[62]
  • NORML, marijuana-advocacy organization[63]
  • Oklahoma Democratic Party, the Oklahoma Central Committee of the Oklahoma Democratic Party endorsed Johnson over Rogers[64]

}}

Polling

Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin of
error		 Patrick
Hayes		 Constance N.
Johnson		 Jim
Rogers		 Other Undecided
SoonerPoll May 5–10, 2014 631 ± 3.9% 5%9.2%9.4% —76.3%
SoonerPoll June 19–21, 2014 781 ± 3.5%6.4%13.2% 5.4% —75.1%

Results

{{Election box begin no change
| title = Democratic primary results[51]
}}{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change
| candidate = Constance N. Johnson
| party = Democratic Party (United States)
| votes = 71,462
| percentage = 43.84%
}}{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change
| candidate = Jim Rogers
| party = Democratic Party (United States)
| votes = 57,598
| percentage = 35.34%
}}{{Election box candidate with party link no change
| candidate = Patrick Hayes
| party = Democratic Party (United States)
| votes = 33,943
| percentage = 20.82%
}}{{Election box total no change
| votes = 163,003
| percentage = 100.00%
}}{{Election box end}}

Runoff

{{Election box begin no change
| title = Democratic primary runoff results[65]
}}{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change
| candidate = Constance N. Johnson
| party = Democratic Party (United States)
| votes = 54,762
| percentage = 57.99%
}}{{Election box candidate with party link no change
| candidate = Jim Rogers
| party = Democratic Party (United States)
| votes = 39,664
| percentage = 42.01%
}}{{Election box total no change
| votes = 94,426
| percentage = 100.00%
}}{{Election box end}}

Independents

Candidates

Declared

  • Mark Beard[66]

General election

Debates

  • [https://www.c-span.org/video/?321971-1/oklahoma-senate-debate Complete video of debate], October 7, 2014

Predictions

Source Ranking As of
The Cook Political Report[67]{{sort|104|Solid R}} November 3, 2014
Sabato's Crystal Ball[68]{{sort|104|Safe R}} November 3, 2014
Rothenberg Political Report[69]{{sort|104|Safe R}} November 3, 2014
Real Clear Politics[70]{{sort|104|Safe R}} November 3, 2014

Polling

Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin of
error		 James
Lankford (R)		 Constance N.
Johnson (D)		 Other Undecided
CBS News/NYT/YouGov July 5–24, 2014 1,302 ± 4.7%56% 34% 6% 5%
Rasmussen August 27–28, 2014 750 ± 4%58% 29% 6% 7%
Sooner Poll August 28–30, 2014 603 ± 3.99%58.2% 28.1% 3%[93] 10.7%
[https://today.yougov.com/news/2014/09/07/battleground-tracker-2014-oklahoma/ CBS News/NYT/YouGov] August 18 – September 2, 2014 821 ± 5%61% 28% 1% 10%
Sooner Poll September 27–29, 2014 400 ± 4.9%56% 28% 4% 12%
CBS News/NYT/YouGov September 20 – October 1, 2014 1,244 ± 3%65% 24% 0% 11%
CBS News/NYT/YouGov October 16–23, 2014 995 ± 5%63% 29% 0% 8%
Sooner Poll October 25–29, 2014 949 ± 3.18%59.4% 28.1% 3.5%[71] 9%

Results

{{Election box begin | title=United States Senate special election in Oklahoma, 2014[72]}}{{Election box winning candidate with party link
| party = Republican Party (United States)
| candidate = James Lankford
| votes = 557,002
| percentage = 67.85%
| change = -2.79%
}}{{Election box candidate with party link
| party = Democratic Party (United States)
| candidate = Connie Johnson
| votes = 237,923
| percentage = 28.98%
| change = +2.85%
}}{{Election box candidate with party link
| party = Independent (United States)
| candidate = Mark T. Beard
| votes = 25,965
| percentage = 3.17%
| change = N/A
}}{{Election box total
| votes = 820,890
| percentage = 100.0%
| change = N/A
}}{{Election box hold with party link no swing
| winner = Republican Party (United States)
}}{{Election box end}}

See also

{{Portal|Government of the United States|Oklahoma}}
  • United States Senate elections, 2014
  • United States elections, 2014

Notes

{{notelist}}

References

1. ^{{cite web | url=http://newsok.com/tom-coburn-cruises-to-a-second-and-final-term-in-the-u.s.-senate/article/3510833#ixzz14WqGaxsU | title=Tom Coburn cruises to a second and final term in the U.S. Senate | date=November 3, 2010 | work=NewsOK | accessdate=July 31, 2014}}
2. ^{{cite web | url=http://thehill.com/blogs/floor-action/senate/177023-coburn-reaffirms-term-limit-pledge-wont-run-in-2016 | title=Coburn reaffirms term-limit pledge, won't run in 2016 | last1=Kasperowicz | first1=Pete | date=August 16, 2011 | work=thehill.com | accessdate=December 27, 2012}}
3. ^{{cite web | url=http://abcnews.go.com/Politics/wireStory/okla-sen-coburn-retire-current-session-21566789 | title=Okla. Sen. Coburn to Retire After Current Session | last1=Murphy | first1=Sean | date=January 17, 2014 | work=ABC News | accessdate=January 17, 2014}}
4. ^{{cite web | url=http://kfor.com/2014/01/17/oklahoma-will-hold-special-election-to-fill-coburns-u-s-senate-seat-after-retirement | title=Oklahoma will hold special election to fill Coburn's U.S. Senate seat after retirement | publisher=kfor.com | date=January 17, 2014 | accessdate=January 17, 2014 | author=Edwards, A}}
5. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.batesline.com/archives/2014/01/replacing-tom-coburn-oklahomas-c.html | title=Replacing Tom Coburn: Oklahoma's congressional special election laws | publisher=BatesLine | date=January 16, 2014 | accessdate=January 20, 2014 | author=Michael Bates}}
6. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.ok.gov/triton/modules/newsroom/newsroom_article.php?id=223&article_id=13412 | title=Governor Mary Fallin Comments on Dr. Tom Coburn's Announced Retirement from the U.S. Senate | publisher=ok.gov | date=January 17, 2014 | accessdate=January 20, 2014}}
7. ^{{cite web | url=http://law.justia.com/codes/oklahoma/2006/os26.html | title=2006 Oklahoma Code - Title 26. — Elections | publisher=law.justia.com | accessdate=January 20, 2014}}
8. ^{{cite web | url=https://www.pbs.org/newshour/rundown/2014/01/oklahoma-sen-coburn-announces-early-retirement.html | title=Oklahoma Sen. Coburn announces early retirement | publisher=PBS | date=January 17, 2014 | accessdate=January 18, 2014}}
9. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{cite news | url=http://www.politico.com/story/2014/04/tea-party-oklahoma-tw-shannon-james-lankford-106016.html | title=Tea party eats its own in Oklahoma | work=Politico | author=Burgess Everett | date=April 24, 2014 | accessdate=April 28, 2014}}
10. ^{{cite news | url=http://www.tulsaworld.com/news/2014_elections/oklahoma-tea-party-leaders-call-t-w-shannon-a-poser/article_377e9c14-cd6e-11e3-a6be-0017a43b2370.html | title=Oklahoma Tea Party leaders call T.W. Shannon a 'poser' | work=Tulsa World | author=Chris Casteel | date=April 26, 2014 | accessdate=July 28, 2014}}
11. ^{{cite news | url=http://thehill.com/blogs/ballot-box/senate-races/209257-coburn-slams-negative-attacks-in-race-to-replace-him-praises | title=Coburn slams negative attacks | work=The Hill | author=Alexandra Jaffe | date=June 12, 2014 | accessdate=July 23, 2014}}
12. ^1 {{cite news | url=http://atr.rollcall.com/lankford-senate-shannon-runoff-2014/ | title=Lankford Builds Momentum in Oklahoma Senate Race | work=Roll Call | author=Alexis Levinson | date=June 18, 2014 | accessdate=July 28, 2014}}
13. ^{{cite news | url=http://thehill.com/blogs/ballot-box/senate-races/208912-gop-primary-in-oklahoma-gets-negative-in-final-weeks | title=GOP primary in Oklahoma gets negative | work=The Hill | author=Alexandra Jaffe | date=June 11, 2014 | accessdate=July 28, 2014}}
14. ^1 2 3 {{cite news | url=http://atr.rollcall.com/how-james-lankford-won-big-in-oklahoma/ | title=How James Lankford Won Big in Oklahoma (Video) | work=Roll Call | author=Alexis Levinson | date=June 25, 2014 | accessdate=August 27, 2014}}
15. ^{{cite news | url=http://newsok.com/falls-creek-runs-deep-oklahoma-rep.-james-lankfords-first-campaign-relied-on-faith-connections/article/5352989 | title=Falls Creek runs deep: Oklahoma Rep. James Lankford's first campaign relied on faith, connections | work=News OK | author=Chris Casteel | date=October 12, 2014 | accessdate=November 21, 2014}}
16. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.krmg.com/news/news/local/randy-brogdon-announces-us-senate-run/nd4x9/ | title=Randy Brogdon announces US Senate run | work=KRMG | date=March 3, 2014 | accessdate=March 3, 2014 | author=Russell Mills}}
17. ^{{cite news | url=http://www.muskogeepolitico.com/2014/03/recap-current-candidates-for-coburns.html | title=Recap: Current Candidates for Coburn's Senate seat | work=Muskogee Politico | last=Faught | first=Jamison | date=March 26, 2014 | accessdate=April 3, 2014}}
18. ^{{cite news | url=http://www.chickashanews.com/local/x1783664136/Crow-confident-in-face-of-obstacles-to-reach-Senate | title=Crow confident in face of obstacles to reach Senate | work=The Express-Star | last=Troxtell | first=Adam | date=February 11, 2014 | accessdate=February 16, 2014}}
19. ^{{cite news | author= | newspaper=news9.com | publisher=KWTV-DT | title=US Rep. Lankford Announces Run For US Senate Seat | url=http://www.news9.com/story/24498683/us-rep-lankford-announces-run-for-us-senate-seat | deadurl=no | date=January 20, 2014 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140124195652/http://www.news9.com/story/24498683/us-rep-lankford-announces-run-for-us-senate-seat | archivedate=January 24, 2014 | accessdate=January 24, 2014}}
20. ^{{cite news | author= | date=January 28, 2014 | title=Okla. City businessman to seek US Senate seat | url=http://newsok.com/okla.-city-businessman-to-seek-us-senate-seat/article/feed/644056 | newspaper=The Oklahoman | agency=Associated Press | accessdate=January 29, 2014}}
21. ^{{cite web | url=http://thehill.com/blogs/ballot-box/senate-races/196622-oklahoma-house-speaker-to-launch-senate-bid | title=Okla. Speaker to launch Senate bid | publisher=The Hill | last=Jaffe | first=Alexandra | date=January 28, 2014 | accessdate=January 20, 2014}}
22. ^{{cite news | author= | newspaper=news9.com | publisher=KWTV-DT | agency=Associated Press | title=Norman paramedic to seek open US Senate seat | url=http://www.news9.com/story/24511648/norman-paramedic-to-seek-open-us-senate-seat | deadurl=no | date=January 21, 2014 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140124200510/http://www.news9.com/story/24511648/norman-paramedic-to-seek-open-us-senate-seat | archivedate=January 24, 2014 | accessdate=January 24, 2014}}
23. ^1 2 {{cite web | url=http://thehill.com/blogs/ballot-box/senate-races/196710-bridenstine-wont-run-for-oklahoma-senate | title=Bridenstine won't run for Oklahoma Senate | publisher=The Hill | date=January 28, 2014 | accessdate=January 28, 2014 | author=Jaffe, Alexandra}}
24. ^1 {{cite news | last=Casteel | first=Chris | date=January 19, 2014 | title=Oklahoma Rep. James Lankford to run for Senate; Cole and Pruitt bow out | url=http://newsok.com/oklahoma-rep.-james-lankford-to-run-for-senate-cole-and-pruitt-bow-out/article/3925571/ | newspaper=The Oklahoman | accessdate=January 20, 2014}}
25. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.edmondsun.com/local/x1767992464/Douglas-announces-for-5th-District | title=Douglas announces for 5th District | publisher=Edmond Sun | last=Coburn | first=James | date=January 21, 2014 | accessdate=January 21, 2014}}
26. ^{{cite news | last=Casteel | first=Chris | date=January 27, 2014 | title=Former Gov. Frank Keating says he won't run for U.S. Senate | url=http://newsok.com/former-gov.-frank-keating-says-he-wont-run-for-u.s.-senate/article/3927721 | newspaper=The Oklahoman | accessdate=January 27, 2014}}
27. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.mooreamerican.com/local/x651187952/Lankford-to-run-for-Coburn-s-Senate-seat | title=Lankford to run for Coburn's Senate seat | publisher=The Moore American | last=Hampton | first=Joy | date=January 22, 2014 | accessdate=January 30, 2014}}
28. ^{{cite web | url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/the-fix/wp/2014/01/17/the-race-for-coburns-seat-could-attract-a-lot-of-interest-heres-who-to-watch/ | title=The race for Coburn's seat could attract a lot of interest. Here's who to watch | publisher=The Washington Post | last=Sullivan | first=Sean | date=January 17, 2014 | accessdate=January 21, 2014}}
29. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.newson6.com/story/25205460/lucas-seeks-11th-term-as-congressman-from-oklahoma | title=Lucas seeks 11th term as congressman from Oklahoma | publisher=News on 6 | date=April 9, 2014 | accessdate=April 10, 2014}}
30. ^{{cite web | url=https://twitter.com/russellberman/status/424227374847500288 | title=One of 5 GOP members... | date=January 17, 2014 | accessdate=January 18, 2014 | publisher=Twitter | first=Russell | last=Berman}}
31. ^1 {{cite news | last=Cameron | first=Alex | newspaper=news9.com | publisher=KWTV-DT | title=Lawmakers React To Retirement Of Sen. Coburn | url=http://www.news9.com/story/24486197/lawmakers-react-to | deadurl=no | date=January 17, 2014 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140124194649/http://www.news9.com/story/24486197/lawmakers-react-to | archivedate=January 24, 2014 | accessdate=January 24, 2014}}
32. ^OCPAC Endorses Randy Brogdon; He Claims ‘True conservative’ Mantle | The McCarville Report
33. ^[https://twitter.com/RandyBrogdon/status/469152377590018048/photo/1 Twitter / RandyBrogdon: I am happy to receive the]
34. ^Gowdy Backs Lankford | The McCarville Report
35. ^{{cite web | url=http://thehill.com/blogs/ballot-box/senate-races/202661-huckabee-endorses-lankford-for-okla-senate | title=Huckabee endorses Rep. Lankford for Senate in Oklahoma GOP primary | publisher=The Hill | last=Jaffe | first=Alexandra | date=April 4, 2014 | accessdate=April 4, 2014}}
36. ^Issa To Support Lankford | The McCarville Report
37. ^Tulsa Area State Senators Support Lankford | James Lankford for Senate
38. ^Dr. Ben Carson announces support for T.W. Shannon - T.W. Shannon for U.S. Senate - T.W. Shannon for U.S. Senate
39. ^Ted Cruz Backs T.W. Shannon for Oklahoma Senate Special Election
40. ^T.W. Shannon for U.S. Senate | RedState
41. ^Tea-party favorite endorses T.W. Shannon's bid for Senate - Tulsa World: Government
42. ^Miller Endorses Shannon | The McCarville Report
43. ^[https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/post-politics/wp/2014/03/12/palin-endorses-t-w-shannon-in-oklahoma-senate-race/ Palin endorses T.W. Shannon in Senate race in Oklahoma - The Washington Post]
44. ^ACU ENDORSES SHANNON FOR US SENATE | American Conservative Union
45. ^T.W. Shannon Receives Endorsement from Citizens United - T.W. Shannon for U.S. Senate - T.W. Shannon for U.S. Senate
46. ^FreedomWorks PAC Endorses T. W. Shannon in the Oklahoma Senate Race | FreedomWorks
47. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2014/apr/22/freedomworks-backs-shannon-okla-race/ | title=FreedomWorks backs Shannon in Okla. race | publisher=The Washington Times | last=Howell | first=Kellan | date=April 22, 2014 | accessdate=April 22, 2014}}
48. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.twshannon.com/gopac-endorses-tillis-shannon-bids-u-s-senate/ | title=GOPAC endorses Tillis and Shannon in their bids for U.S. Senate | publisher=T.W. Shannon for U.S. Senate | date=February 19, 2014 | accessdate=March 27, 2014}}
49. ^{{cite web | url=http://atr.rollcall.com/senate-conservatives-fund-endorses-in-oklahoma-senate-race/ | title=Senate Conservatives Fund Endorses in Oklahoma Senate Race | publisher=Roll Call | last=Cahn | first=Emily | date=March 27, 2014 | accessdate=March 27, 2014}}
50. ^Fellow House Members Support T.W. Shannon for Senate - T.W. Shannon for U.S. Senate - T.W. Shannon for U.S. Senate
51. ^1 {{cite web | url=http://www.ok.gov/elections/support/20140624_seb.pdf | title=Official Results - Primary Election | publisher=Oklahoma Secretary of State | date=July 7, 2014 | accessdate=July 30, 2014}}
52. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.okgazette.com/oklahoma/article-20960-johnson-announces-de.html | title=Johnson announces Democratic bid for U.S. Senate | publisher=Oklahoma Gazette | last=Felder | first=Ben | date=April 8, 2014 | accessdate=April 8, 2014}}
53. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.tulsaworld.com/news/elections/retired-federal-worker-to-seek-coburn-s-u-s-senate/article_088d1d18-8dc7-11e3-ac88-0017a43b2370.html | title=Retired federal worker to seek Coburn's U.S. Senate post | publisher=Tulsa World | date=February 4, 2014 | accessdate=April 6, 2014}}
54. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url=http://www.newson6.com/story/24508174/former-us-rep-dan-boren-considers-senate-run | title=Former US Rep. Dan Boren Won't Run For Tom Coburn's Senate Seat | publisher=News on 6 | date=January 21, 2014 | accessdate=January 21, 2014}}
55. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.news9.com/story/24534793/green-country-lawyer-considering-senate-run | title=Green Country Lawyer Considering Senate Run | publisher=News 9 Oklahoma | date=January 23, 2014 | accessdate=January 24, 2014}}
56. ^1 {{cite web | url=http://www.krmg.com/news/news/local/two-possible-democrat-contenders-oklahoma-us-senat/nczF3/ | title=Two possible Democrat contenders for Oklahoma US Senate seat | publisher=KRMG-FM | last=Mills | first=Russell | date=January 23, 2014 | accessdate=January 31, 2014}}
57. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.miamiherald.com/2014/01/27/3896596/keating-corn-wont-seek-okla-us.html | title=Keating, Corn won't seek Okla. US Senate seat | publisher=Miami Herald | date=January 27, 2014 | accessdate=January 28, 2014}}
58. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.newsmax.com/Politics/istook-coburn-oklahoma-senate/2014/01/17/id/547798 | title=Istook: Democrat Will Be 'Sacrificial Lamb' for Coburn Seat | publisher=Newsmax | date=January 17, 2014 | accessdate=January 18, 2014 | author=John Gizzi}}
59. ^{{cite web | url=https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=642496929172612&set=a.614120452010260.1073741828.614103498678622&type=1&relevant_count=1 | title=Timeline Photos - Connie Johnson for US Senate | publisher=Facebook | date= | accessdate=July 25, 2014}}
60. ^{{cite web | url=http://twu514.org/blog/2014/06/17/ok-afl-cio-cope-endorsements-oklahoma-primary-election-to-be-held-on-62414 | title=OK AFL-CIO COPE Endorsements – Oklahoma Primary Election to be held on 6/24/14 | Transport Workers Union Local 514 | publisher=Twu514.org | date=June 17, 2014 | accessdate=July 25, 2014}}
61. ^An editorial: Bipartisan June 24 Primary Endorsements | The City Sentinel
62. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.tulsaworld.com/opinion/editorials/tulsa-world-editorial-for-connie-johnson-in-democratic-u-s/article_e8034d1b-ebcc-5189-aa45-f7e90e7b8a94.html | title=editorial: For Connie Johnson in Democratic U.S. Senate race - Tulsa World: Editorials | publisher=Tulsa World | date=July 21, 2014 | accessdate=July 25, 2014}}
63. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.thedailychronic.net/2014/35448/norml-pac-endorses-state-senator-connie-johnson-for-us-senate-in-oklahoma | title=NORML PAC Endorses State Senator Connie Johnson for US Senate in Oklahoma | publisher=The Daily Chronic | date=July 29, 2014 | accessdate=July 31, 2014}}
64. ^{{cite web | url=https://www.facebook.com/cj4ok/posts/669207193168252 | title=Oklahoma Democratic Party endorses Johnson | publisher=Facebook | date= | accessdate=July 31, 2014}}
65. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.ok.gov/elections/support/ok_results_seb.html#DEMUSSEN | title=Runoff Primary Election | publisher=Oklahoma State Election Board | date=August 26, 2014 | accessdate=September 8, 2014}}
66. ^1 2 {{cite news | url=http://www.ok.gov/elections/support/2014_ok_filing.pdf | title=Candidates for Federal, State, Legislative and Judicial Offices | date=April 11, 2014 | accessdate=April 11, 2014 | publisher=Oklahoma State Election Board}}
67. ^{{cite web | title=2014 Senate Race Ratings for November 3, 2014 | url=https://www.cookpolitical.com/ratings/senate-race-ratings/139256 | website=The Cook Political Report | accessdate=September 20, 2018}}
68. ^{{cite web | title=The Crystal Ball's Final 2014 Picks | url=http://www.centerforpolitics.org/crystalball/articles/the-crystal-balls-final-2014-picks/ | website=Sabato's Crystal Ball | accessdate=September 20, 2018}}
69. ^{{cite web | title=2014 Senate Ratings | url=http://www.insideelections.com/ratings/senate/2014-senate-ratings-november-6-2014 | work=Senate Ratings | publisher=The Rothenberg Political Report | accessdate=September 20, 2018}}
70. ^{{cite web | title=2014 Elections Map - Battle for the Senate 2014 | url=https://www.realclearpolitics.com/epolls/2014/senate/2014_elections_senate_map.html| publisher=Real Clear Politics | accessdate=September 20, 2018}}
71. ^1 Mark Beard (I)
72. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.ok.gov/elections/support/20141104_seb.html | title=Oklahoma Secretary of State 2014 General Election | publisher=Oklahoma Secretary of State | date=November 4, 2014 | accessdate=January 6, 2015}}

External links

  • {{Ballotpedia|United_States_Senate_special_election_in_Oklahoma,_2014|United States Senate special election in Oklahoma, 2014}}
Official campaign websites (Archived)
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20141031181739/http://jameslankford.com/ James Lankford for U.S. Senate]
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20141031181545/http://www.cj4ok.com/ Connie Johnson for U.S. Senate]
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20140501233423/http://www.voteandycraig.com/ Andy Craig for U.S. Senate]
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20140505205554/http://www.gowithcrow.org/ Kevin Crow for U.S. Senate]
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20140424162425/http://www.ericmccray.com/ Eric McCray for U.S. Senate]
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20140130140422/http://www.twshannon.com/ T.W. Shannon for U.S. Senate]
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20140202230548/http://www.wegerforsenate.com/ Jason Weger for U.S. Senate]
{{United States elections, 2014}}

4 : United States Senate elections in Oklahoma|2014 United States Senate elections|2014 Oklahoma elections|United States Senate special elections
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