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词条 2016 Philippine House of Representatives elections
释义

  1. Electoral system

     Election via the districts  Election via the party-list system  Campaigning 

  2. District changes

  3. Retiring and term limited incumbents

  4. Results

     Congressional districts results  Party-list result  Summary 

  5. Defeated incumbents

     District representatives  Party-list representatives 

  6. Aftermath

  7. References

{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2019}}{{Infobox Election
|election_name=Philippine House of Representatives elections, 2016
|country=Philippines
|type=parliamentary
|ongoing=no
|previous_election=Philippine House of Representatives elections, 2013
|previous_year=2013
|previous_mps=
|next_election=Philippine House of Representatives elections, 2019
|next_year=2019
|seats_for_election=All 297 seats in the House of Representatives of the Philippines
149 seats needed for a majority
|election_date=May 9, 2016
|image1=
|leader1=Feliciano Belmonte, Jr.
|party1=Liberal Party (Philippines)
|leaders_seat1=Quezon City–4th
|last_election1=113 seats, 39.03%
|popular_vote1=15,403,160
|percentage1=41.73%
|swing1=
|seats_before1=119
|seats1=115
|seat_change1={{decrease}} 4
|image2= NPC
|leader2= Jack Duavit
|party2=Nationalist People's Coalition
|leaders_seat2=Rizal-1st
|last_election2=42 seats, 17.50%
|popular_vote2=6,344,267
|percentage2=17.19%
|swing2=
|seats_before2=38
|seats2=42
|seat_change2={{increase}} 4
|image3=
|leader3= Ronaldo Zamora
|party3=Nacionalista Party
|leaders_seat3= San Juan
|last_election3=17 seats, 8.53%
|popular_vote3=3,512,975
|percentage3=9.52%
|swing3=
|seats_before3=26
|seats3=24
|seat_change3={{decrease}} 2
|image4=
|leader4=Karlo Nograles
|party4=National Unity Party (Philippines)
|leaders_seat4=Davao City–1st
|last_election4=24 seats, 8.59%
|popular_vote4=3,604,266
|percentage4=9.76%
|swing4=
|seats_before4=26
|seats4=23
|seat_change4={{decrease}} 3
|image5=UNA
|leader5= Toby Tiangco
|party5=United Nationalist Alliance
|leaders_seat5= Navotas
|last_election5=10 seats, 11.40%
|popular_vote5=2,311,859
|percentage5=6.26%
|swing5=
|seats_before5=10
|seats5=11
|seat_change5={{increase}} 1
|image6=
|leader6=Gloria Macapagal Arroyo
|party6=Lakas–CMD
|leaders_seat6=Pampanga–2nd
|last_election6=14 seats, 4.97%
|popular_vote6=573,843
|percentage6=1.55%
|swing6=
|seats_before6=5
|seats6=4
|seat_change6={{decrease}} 1
|map_image=2016PhilippineHouseElections.png
|map_size=295px
|map_alt=
|map=
|map_caption=Election results; map refers to results from congressional districts, with Metro Manila at the inset, while the boxes to the right represent party-list seats.
|title=Speaker
|before_election=Feliciano Belmonte, Jr.
|before_party=Liberal Party (Philippines)
|after_election=Pantaleon Alvarez
|after_party=PDP–Laban
}}

The 2016 Philippine House of Representatives elections were the 34th lower house elections in the Philippines. They were held on May 9, 2016 to elect members to the House of Representatives of the Philippines. The winning candidates were to comprise the House's contingent in the 17th Congress of the Philippines that would serve from June 30, 2016 to June 30, 2019.

The House of Representatives elections were part of the 2016 general election where elections for President, Vice President, Senators, and all local officials, including those from the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao, were also held.

The Philippines uses parallel voting in its lower house elections. There are 297 seats in the House; 238 of these are district representatives, and 59 are party-list representatives. The law mandates that there should be one party-list representative for every four district representatives. District representatives are elected under the plurality voting system from single-member districts. Party-list representatives are elected via the nationwide vote with a 2% "soft" election threshold, with a 3-seat cap. The party in the party-list election with the most votes usually wins three seats, the other parties with more than 2% of the vote two seats, and the parties with less than 2% of the vote winning a seat each if the 20% quota is not met.

Electoral system

The election for seats in the House of Representatives is done via parallel voting. A voter has two votes: one for one's local district, and another via the party-list system. A candidate is not allowed to stand for both ballots, and parties participating in the district elections would have to ask for permission on the Commission on Elections, with major parties not allowed to participate, in the party-list election.

Election via the districts

{{main|Legislative districts of the Philippines}}

Each district sends one representative to the House of Representatives, with the winner having the highest number of votes winning that district's seat. The representatives from the districts comprise at most 80% of the seats.

Election via the party-list system

{{main|Party-list representation in the House of Representatives of the Philippines}}

In the party-list system, the parties contesting the election represent a sector, or several sectors, or an ethnic group. In determining the winners, the entire country is treated as one "district". Each party that surpasses the 2% election threshold automatically wins one seat, they can win an additional number of seats in proportion to the number of votes they received, but they can't have more than three seats. The representatives elected via the party-list system, also known as "sectoral representatives" should comprise at least 20% of the seats. However, since the winners from the parties that surpass the 2% threshold had not reached the 20% quota ever since the party-list system was instituted, the parties that received less than 2% of the first preference vote are given one seat each until the 20% quota has been filled up.[1]

Campaigning

The parties contesting the district elections campaign at the district level; there is no national-level campaigning. While no party has been able to win a majority of seats in the House of Representatives since the 1987 elections, the party of the incumbent president had usually controlled the chamber in the phenomenon known locally as the "Padrino System" or patronage politics, with other parties aligning themselves with the president's policies in exchange for pork barrel and future political favors.

Usually, a gubernatorial candidate has a slate of candidates for vice governor, board members and representative. He or she, aside from supporting a slate of national politicians, may also have slates in the individual cities or towns for mayors, vice mayors and councilors. These slates are usually under one party, but multi-party alliances are not uncommon.

District changes

Reapportioning (redistricting) the number of seats is either via national reapportionment after the release of every census, or via piecemeal redistricting for every province or city. National reapportionment has not happened since the 1987 constitution took effect, and aside from piecemeal redistricting, the apportionment was based on the ordinance from the constitution, which was in turn based from the 1980 census.

These are currently 5 new districts that shall be contested in 2016:

  • Davao Occidental

No seat was added as the part of the old 2nd district of Davao del Sur shall be absorbed by its lone district, while the remainder became the province of Davao Occidental

  • Biñan, alternatively the fifth district of Laguna
  • Legislative districts of Batangas
    • Batangas City district designated as its fifth district
    • Lipa district designated as its sixth district
  • Cebu–7th

These are House (HB) and Senate (SB) Bills that pertains to redistricting:

Bill No. District(s) Current Proposed Notes Status
15th Congress
HB 4451 Davao del Sur–2nd 1 1 Separation of a part of Davao del Sur's 2nd district to become a province of Davao Occidental, with the rest absorbed by the 1st district.Signed into law–Republic Act No. 10360; approved in a plebiscite[2]
16th Congress
HB 112 Aklan 1 2 Aklan to be split into two districts.Substituted by HB 5768.
HB 608 Pasay 1 2 Pasay to be split into two districts.Pending at the committee level.
HB 836 Laguna–4th 1 2 Laguna−4th to be split into two districts; new district shall become the 5th district. Pending at the committee level.
HB 1687 Both Sorsogon districts 1 1 Transfer of Juban from the 2nd to the 1st district. Pending at the committee level.
HB 1696 Surigao del Sur 2 3 Surigao del Sur to be redistricted into three districts. Pending at the committee level.
HB 2734 Pampanga–3rd 1 2 Separation of San Fernando to become a lone district. Substituted by HB 6140.
HB 3718 Nueva Ecija–2nd 1 2 Nueva Ecija−2nd to be split into two districts; new district shall become the 5th district. Pending at the committee level.
HB 3750 Batangas–2nd 1 2 Separation of Batangas City to become a lone district. Signed into law–Republic Act No. 10673.[3]
HB 3917 Laguna–1st 1 2 Separation of Biñan to become a lone district. Signed into law–Republic Act No. 10658[4]
HB 3930 All districts 232 Unspecified General reapportionment of all districts Pending at the committee level.
HB 4350 Pampanga–1st 1 2 Separation of Angeles to become a lone district. Pending at the committee level.
HB 4427 Cebu–2nd 1 2 Cebu−2nd to be split into two districts; new district shall become the 7th district. Signed into law–Republic Act No. 10684.[5]
HB 4457 Maguindanao–1st 1 2 Separation of Cotabato City to become a lone district. Pending at the committee level.
HB 4603 San Jose del Monte 1 2 San Jose del Monte to be split into two districts. Pending at the committee level.
HB 4640 Batangas–4th 1 2 Separation of Lipa to become a lone district. Signed into law–Republic Act No. 10673[3]
HB 5002 Taguig−1st & Pateros 1 2 Separation of Pateros to become a lone district, and granting it cityhood Pending at the committee level.
HB 5569 Caloocan−1st 1 3 Caloocan−1st to split into three districts, with the new districts comprising the third and fourth districts. Pending at the committee level.
HB 5768Aklan12Aklan to be split into two districts.Approved on third reading; transmitted to the Senate.
HB 6140Pampanga–3rd12Separation of Angeles to become a lone district.Approved on first reading.
SB 3029 Laguna–1st 1 2 Separation of San Pedro to become a lone district. Pending at the committee level.
Approved districts 5 Potential new districts (16th Congress only) ~17

Retiring and term limited incumbents

{{main|Retiring and term-limited incumbents in the Philippine House of Representatives elections, 2016}}

There are 69 open seats in the House from incumbents that are term-limited and were not running.

Results

President Benigno Aquino III's Liberal Party emerged with the party having the plurality of seats in the House of Representatives, winning more than a hundred seats. Meanwhile, in the presidential election, Davao City mayor Rodrigo Duterte of Partido Demokratiko Pilipino-Lakas ng Bayan (PDP-Laban) emerged with an insurmountable lead over the Liberals' Mar Roxas.

Meanwhile, the Nationalist People's Coalition finished second in number of seats won, followed by the Nacionalista Party, National Unity Party, United Nationalist Alliance, Lakas-CMD, PDP-Laban, Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino and Aksyon Demokratiko. Several local parties also won seats, along with a handful of independents.

While PDP-Laban just won three seats, several members of the Liberal Party immediately abandoned that party in favor of PDP-Laban. PDP-Laban also signed coalition agreements with all major parties, including the Liberal Party, ensuring that they would have the numbers once the 17th Congress of the Philippines opens in late July.

 ↓
DistrictParty-list
115422423342534
LiberalNPCNPNUPOthers2+ seats1 seat

Congressional districts results

{{Philippine House election, 2016}}{{bar box
|title=Vote share
|titlebar=#ddd
|width=600px
|barwidth=410px
|bars={{bar percent|Liberal|{{Liberal Party (Philippines)/meta/color}}|41.72}}{{bar percent|NPC|{{Nationalist People's Coalition/meta/color}}|17.04}}{{bar percent|NUP|{{National Unity Party (Philippines)/meta/color}}|9.67}}{{bar percent|Nacionalista|{{Nacionalista Party/meta/color}}|9.42}}{{bar percent|UNA|{{United Nationalist Alliance/meta/color}}|6.62}}{{bar percent|Others|gray|15.53}}
}}{{bar box
|title=Congressional district seats
|titlebar=#ddd
|width=600px
|barwidth=410px
|bars={{bar percent|Liberal|{{Liberal Party (Philippines)/meta/color}}|48.32}}{{bar percent|NPC|{{Nationalist People's Coalition/meta/color}}|17.65}}{{bar percent|Nacionalista|{{Nacionalista Party/meta/color}}|10.08}}{{bar percent|NUP|{{National Unity Party (Philippines)/meta/color}}|9.66}}{{bar percent|UNA|{{United Nationalist Alliance/meta/color}}|4.62}}{{bar percent|Others|gray|9.67}}
}}

Party-list result

{{Politics of the Philippines}}

The winning party-lists were proclaimed on May 19. The commission proclaimed 46 party-lists, with Ako Bicol winning the maximum three seats, while parties with at least 2% of the vote being guaranteed at least 1 seat.[6] Eleven parties won 2 seats each, while 34 others won one seat each.[7]

Ako Bicol won three seats for the second time in history, after achieving the same feat in 2010. Bayan Muna, on the other hand, failed to win at least 2 seats for the first time, after winning the maximum three seats in 2001, 2004 and 2007.

{{Philippine House party-list election, 2016}}{{bar box
|title=Vote share
|titlebar=#ddd
|width=400px
|barwidth=360px
|bars={{bar percent|Ako Bikol|black|5.14}}{{bar percent|GABRIELA|black|4.22}}{{bar percent|1-PACMAN|black|4.05}}{{bar percent|ACT Teachers|black|3.65}}{{bar percent|Senior Citizens|black|3.05}}{{bar percent|Kabayan|black|2.60}}{{bar percent|AGRI|black|2.58}}{{bar percent|PBA|black|2.41}}{{bar percent|Buhay|black|2.35}}{{bar percent|Abono|black|2.26}}{{bar percent|AMIN|black|2.18}}{{bar percent|Coop-NATCCO|black|2.07}}{{bar percent|Akbayan|black|1.88}}{{bar percent|Others|gray|61.51}}
}}{{bar box
|title=Congressional sectoral seats
|titlebar=#ddd
|width=400px
|barwidth=360px
|bars={{bar percent|Ako Bikol|black|5.08}}{{bar percent|GABRIELA|black|3.39}}{{bar percent|1-PACMAN|black|3.39}}{{bar percent|ACT Teachers|black|3.39}}{{bar percent|Senior Citizens|black|3.39}}{{bar percent|Kabayan|black|3.39}}{{bar percent|AGRI|black|3.39}}{{bar percent|PBA|black|3.39}}{{bar percent|Buhay|black|3.39}}{{bar percent|Abono|black|3.39}}{{bar percent|AMIN|black|3.39}}{{bar percent|Coop-NATCCO|black|3.39}}{{bar percent|Akbayan|black|1.69}}{{bar percent|Others|gray|55.93}}
}}

Summary

RegionDetailsSeats won per partyTotal seats
Liberal Nacionalista NPC NUP UNA Others & ind.
IElections6|12|hex={{Liberal Party (Philippines)/meta/color}}}}2|12|hex={{Nacionalista Party/meta/color}}}}3|12|hex={{Nationalist People's Coalition/meta/color}}}}0|12|hex={{National Unity Party (Philippines)/meta/color}}}}0|12|hex={{United Nationalist Alliance/meta/color}}}}1|12|hex=gray}}12|297|hex=black}}
II Elections4|10|hex={{Liberal Party (Philippines)/meta/color}}}}1|10|hex={{Nacionalista Party/meta/color}}}}2|10|hex={{Nationalist People's Coalition/meta/color}}}}2|10|hex={{National Unity Party (Philippines)/meta/color}}}}1|10|hex={{United Nationalist Alliance/meta/color}}}}0|10|hex=gray}}10|297|hex=black}}
IIIElections7|21|hex={{Liberal Party (Philippines)/meta/color}}}}1|21|hex={{Nacionalista Party/meta/color}}}}5|21|hex={{Nationalist People's Coalition/meta/color}}}}3|21|hex={{National Unity Party (Philippines)/meta/color}}}}1|21|hex={{United Nationalist Alliance/meta/color}}}}4|21|hex=gray}}21|297|hex=black}}
IV–AElections14|26|hex={{Liberal Party (Philippines)/meta/color}}}}2|26|hex={{Nacionalista Party/meta/color}}}}4|26|hex={{Nationalist People's Coalition/meta/color}}}}3|26|hex={{National Unity Party (Philippines)/meta/color}}}}2|26|hex={{United Nationalist Alliance/meta/color}}}}1|26|hex=gray}}26|297|hex=black}}
IV–BElections4|8|hex={{Liberal Party (Philippines)/meta/color}}}}1|8|hex={{Nacionalista Party/meta/color}}}}1|8|hex={{Nationalist People's Coalition/meta/color}}}}2|8|hex={{National Unity Party (Philippines)/meta/color}}}}0|8|hex={{United Nationalist Alliance/meta/color}}}}0|8|hex=gray}}8|297|hex=black}}
VElections9|16|hex={{Liberal Party (Philippines)/meta/color}}}}2|16|hex={{Nacionalista Party/meta/color}}}}4|16|hex={{Nationalist People's Coalition/meta/color}}}}1|16|hex={{National Unity Party (Philippines)/meta/color}}}}0|16|hex={{United Nationalist Alliance/meta/color}}}}0|16|hex=gray}}16|297|hex=black}}
VIElections7|11|hex={{Liberal Party (Philippines)/meta/color}}}}0|11|hex={{Nacionalista Party/meta/color}}}}2|11|hex={{Nationalist People's Coalition/meta/color}}}}2|11|hex={{National Unity Party (Philippines)/meta/color}}}}0|11|hex={{United Nationalist Alliance/meta/color}}}}0|11|hex=gray}}11|297|hex=black}}
VIIElections6|14|hex={{Liberal Party (Philippines)/meta/color}}}}2|14|hex={{Nacionalista Party/meta/color}}}}3|14|hex={{Nationalist People's Coalition/meta/color}}}}1|14|hex={{National Unity Party (Philippines)/meta/color}}}}1|14|hex={{United Nationalist Alliance/meta/color}}}}1|14|hex=gray}}14|297|hex=black}}
VIIIElections7|12|hex={{Liberal Party (Philippines)/meta/color}}}}0|12|hex={{Nacionalista Party/meta/color}}}}2|12|hex={{Nationalist People's Coalition/meta/color}}}}2|12|hex={{National Unity Party (Philippines)/meta/color}}}}0|12|hex={{United Nationalist Alliance/meta/color}}}}1|12|hex=gray}}12|297|hex=black}}
IXElections4|9|hex={{Liberal Party (Philippines)/meta/color}}}}1|9|hex={{Nacionalista Party/meta/color}}}}3|9|hex={{Nationalist People's Coalition/meta/color}}}}0|9|hex={{National Unity Party (Philippines)/meta/color}}}}0|9|hex={{United Nationalist Alliance/meta/color}}}}1|9|hex=gray}}9|297|hex=black}}
XElections6|14|hex={{Liberal Party (Philippines)/meta/color}}}}2|14|hex={{Nacionalista Party/meta/color}}}}2|14|hex={{Nationalist People's Coalition/meta/color}}}}1|14|hex={{National Unity Party (Philippines)/meta/color}}}}1|14|hex={{United Nationalist Alliance/meta/color}}}}2|14|hex=gray}}14|297|hex=black}}
XIElections5|11|hex={{Liberal Party (Philippines)/meta/color}}}}3|11|hex={{Nacionalista Party/meta/color}}}}0|11|hex={{Nationalist People's Coalition/meta/color}}}}1|11|hex={{National Unity Party (Philippines)/meta/color}}}}0|11|hex={{United Nationalist Alliance/meta/color}}}}2|11|hex=gray}}11|297|hex=black}}
XIIElections4|8|hex={{Liberal Party (Philippines)/meta/color}}}}0|8|hex={{Nacionalista Party/meta/color}}}}2|8|hex={{Nationalist People's Coalition/meta/color}}}}0|8|hex={{National Unity Party (Philippines)/meta/color}}}}0|8|hex={{United Nationalist Alliance/meta/color}}}}2|8|hex=gray}}8|297|hex=black}}
XIIIElections4|9|hex={{Liberal Party (Philippines)/meta/color}}}}0|9|hex={{Nacionalista Party/meta/color}}}}2|9|hex={{Nationalist People's Coalition/meta/color}}}}2|9|hex={{National Unity Party (Philippines)/meta/color}}}}0|9|hex={{United Nationalist Alliance/meta/color}}}}1|9|hex=gray}}9|297|hex=black}}
ARMMElections6|8|hex={{Liberal Party (Philippines)/meta/color}}}}0|8|hex={{Nacionalista Party/meta/color}}}}0|8|hex={{Nationalist People's Coalition/meta/color}}}}1|8|hex={{National Unity Party (Philippines)/meta/color}}}}0|8|hex={{United Nationalist Alliance/meta/color}}}}1|8|hex=gray}}8|297|hex=black}}
CARElections5|7|hex={{Liberal Party (Philippines)/meta/color}}}}1|7|hex={{Nacionalista Party/meta/color}}}}1|7|hex={{Nationalist People's Coalition/meta/color}}}}0|7|hex={{National Unity Party (Philippines)/meta/color}}}}0|7|hex={{United Nationalist Alliance/meta/color}}}}0|7|hex=gray}}7|297|hex=black}}
NCRElections15|32|hex={{Liberal Party (Philippines)/meta/color}}}}4|32|hex={{Nacionalista Party/meta/color}}}}3|32|hex={{Nationalist People's Coalition/meta/color}}}}0|32|hex={{National Unity Party (Philippines)/meta/color}}}}5|32|hex={{United Nationalist Alliance/meta/color}}}}5|32|hex=gray}}32|297|hex=black}}
NIRElections2|10|hex={{Liberal Party (Philippines)/meta/color}}}}0|10|hex={{Nacionalista Party/meta/color}}}}5|10|hex={{Nationalist People's Coalition/meta/color}}}}2|10|hex={{National Unity Party (Philippines)/meta/color}}}}0|10|hex={{United Nationalist Alliance/meta/color}}}}1|10|hex=gray}}10|297|hex=black}}
Party-listElections1|59|hex={{Liberal Party (Philippines)/meta/color}}}}0|59|hex={{Nacionalista Party/meta/color}}}}0|59|hex={{Nationalist People's Coalition/meta/color}}}}0|59|hex={{National Unity Party (Philippines)/meta/color}}}}0|59|hex={{United Nationalist Alliance/meta/color}}}}58|59|hex=gray}}59|297|hex=black}}
Total117|297|hex={{Liberal Party (Philippines)/meta/color}}}}24|297|hex={{Nacionalista Party/meta/color}}}}42|297|hex={{Nationalist People's Coalition/meta/color}}}}23|297|hex={{National Unity Party (Philippines)/meta/color}}}}11|297|hex={{United Nationalist Alliance/meta/color}}}}91|297|hex=gray}}297|297|hex=black}}

Defeated incumbents

District representatives

District Incumbent's party Incumbent Winner Winner's party Notes
AklanNacionalista Party}} Teodorico Haresco, Jr.Carlito Marquez NPC
BaguioLiberal Party (Philippines)}} Nicasio AlipingMark Go Nacionalista
Bulacan–3rdLiberal Party (Philippines)}} Jonjon MendozaLorna Silverio NUP
Leyte–2ndLiberal Party (Philippines)}} Sergio ApostolHenry Ong NPC
Northern Samar–1stNacionalista Party}} Harlin AbayonRaul Daza Liberal After defeating Daza in 2013 by 52 votes, Abayon lost by 90 votes. Daza had successfully petitioned to the House of Representatives Electoral Tribunal, ousting Abayon, but the Supreme Court ordered the reinstatement of Abayon. The House leadership did not act on the court's order in time after the adjournment sine die.[8]
Palawan–3rdLiberal Party (Philippines)}} Douglas HagedornGil Acosta NPC
Pampanga–1stLiberal Party (Philippines)}} Yeng GuiaoCarmelo Lazatin Lingap Lugud
Quezon City–1stLiberal Party (Philippines)}} Boy CalalayVincent Crisologo UNA Calalay defeated Crisologo in 2013.
SiquijorLiberal Party (Philippines)}} Marie Anne PernesRamon Vicente Rocamora Independent
Zamboanga City–2ndNacionalista Party}} Lilia Macrohon-NuñoManuel Dalipe NPC
Zamboanga Sibugay–1stNacionalista Party}} Belma CabilaoWilter Palma II Liberal

Party-list representatives

Aftermath

After proclamations were held for district representatives, three people were seen to have a chance in becoming speaker. These include PDP-Laban's Pantaleon Alvarez of Davao del Norte, National Unity Party (NUP)'s Karlo Nograles of Davao City, and incumbent speaker Feliciano Belmonte, Jr. of Quezon City.[9]

Duterte chose PDP-Laban's Alvarez, a returning congressman, over Nograles as his preferred candidate for the speakership. Nograles gave way to Alvarez, to secure a "super majority" in Congress, while keeping the minority bloc to about 20 members.[10]

Alvarez and defeated senatorial candidate Ferdinand Martin Romualdez, chairman of the Lakas-CMD, signed an agreement formalizing their parties' alliance. The Nacionalista Party (NP) also joined the alliance with the PDP-Laban; Duterte's running mate, Senator Alan Peter Cayetano, although ran as an independent, is a member of the Nacionalista Party. The Nationalist People's Coalition (NPC) have also contacted Alvarez about the speakership election, while Alvarez described a coalition with the NUP as a "done deal".[11]

The incumbent speaker, the Liberals' Feliciano Belmonte, Jr. of Quezon City expects the support of at least 120 members of the Liberal Party and allies from other parties. Meanwhile, Alvarez hosted a luncheon at the Midas Hotel and Casino on May 18 where 59 representatives attended. Alvarez said that his "Coalition for Change" includes representatives from the PDP-Laban, the NP, NPC, NUP, Lakas, various party-lists, and even from the Liberal Party.[12]

Days after the Alvarez luncheon, Belmonte conceded the speakership race, saying that Alvarez had the numbers. Alvarez visited Belmonte's home in Quezon City to pave way for a smooth transition of power in the lower house. This was after the NPC affirmed its support for PDP-Laban.[13] Meanwhile, outgoing Majority Leader Neptali Gonzales II said that there are some Liberal representatives who won't jump ship to PDP-Laban, but would still vote for Alvarez for the speakership, with the Liberals signing the same coalition agreement with the NPC, which the latter also signed with PDP-Laban.[14]

Danilo Suarez of Quezon, who ran under the United Nationalist Alliance (UNA) emerged as Belmonte's primary opponent for the minority leader position. Suarez says he has the support of some 17 lawmakers from UNA, Lakas-CMD, and party-list representatives allied with the former.[15] While this is happening, the NUP and Lakas announced a coalition that would support Duterte in the lower house, and backed the election of Alvarez for the speakership.[16]

Alvarez spent the remainder of May consolidating the pro-Duterte forces in the House of Representatives. Belmonte seemed content to lead the opposition in the lower house, rather than joining the majority bloc, saying that "we must have a minority. That's needed."[17] At least 23 representatives abandoned the Liberal Party for PDP-Laban.[18] Meanwhile, the NUP signed a coalition agreement with PDP-Laban, joining the Coalition for Change.[19]

{{Party colour|Partido Demokratiko Pilipino-Lakas ng Bayan}}{{Party colour|Liberal Party (Philippines)}}{{Party colour|Lakas–CMD}}
Speakership election[20]
Candidate Party Total %
Pantaleon AlvarezPDP–Laban 252 84.8%
Teodoro Baguilat, Jr.Liberal 8 2.7%
Danilo SuarezLakas 7 2.4%
Abstention 22 7.4%
Total who voted 288 97.3%
Total representatives 297 100%

References

1. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.rappler.com/nation/politics/elections-2013/29567-how-to-fill-the-58-party-list-seats |title=How to fill the 58 party-list seats |first=Felix P. II |last=Muga |work=Rappler.com |date=May 20, 2013 |accessdate=May 23, 2013}}
2. ^{{cite news|last1=Carillo|first1=C.A.|title=Davao Occidental province to be created|url=http://www.bworldonline.com/content.php?section=Nation&title=Davao-Occidental-province-to-be-created&id=79182|accessdate=January 27, 2016|publisher=BusinessWorld|date=November 10, 2013}}
3. ^1 {{cite news|last1=Cinco|first1=Maricar|title=Batangas has 2 new legislative districts|url=http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/715639/batangas-has-2-new-legislative-districts|accessdate=May 19, 2016|work=Philippine Daily Inquirer|date=August 24, 2015}}
4. ^{{cite news|last1=Romero|first1=Paolo|title=Biñan now a congressional district|url=http://www.philstar.com/nation/2015/04/02/1439918/binan-now-congressional-district|accessdate=May 19, 2016|date=April 2, 2015}}
5. ^{{cite news|last1=Braga|first1=Michael Vencynth H.|title=Aquino approves Cebu’s 7th district|url=http://www.philstar.com/cebu-news/2015/09/19/1501502/aquino-approves-cebus-7th-district|accessdate=May 19, 2016|work=The Freeman|date=September 19, 2015}}
6. ^{{cite news|last1=Adel|first1=Rossette|title=Comelec proclaims 46 winning party-lists|url=http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2016/05/20/1584908/comelec-proclaims-46-winning-party-lists|accessdate=May 19, 2016|work=The Philippine Star|date=May 19, 2016}}
7. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.rappler.com/nation/politics/elections/2016/133630-groups-proclaimed-party-list|title=46 groups proclaimed as party list winners|website=Rappler|access-date=May 19, 2016}}
8. ^{{cite news|last1=Pasion|first1=Patty|title=Northern Samar's Abayon escorted out of Congress|url=http://www.rappler.com/nation/135544-abayon-northern-samar-escorted-out-congress|accessdate=June 6, 2016|work=Rappler|date=June 6, 2016}}
9. ^{{cite news|last1=Cabucungan|first1=Gil C.|last2=Salaverria|first2=Leila B.|title=3-way fight seen for House Speaker|url=http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/784983/3-way-fight-seen-for-house-speaker|accessdate=May 23, 2016|work=Philippine Daily Inquirer}}
10. ^{{cite news|title=Digong’s party eyes Alvarez as Speaker|url=http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/785206/digongs-party-eyes-alvarez-as-speaker|accessdate=May 19, 2016|work=Philippine Daily Inquirer|date=May 16, 2016}}
11. ^{{cite news|last1=Cayabyab|first1=Marc Jayson|title=Alvarez bolsters Speaker bid with 80 lawmakers, 3-party alliance |url=http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/786352/alvarez-bolsters-speaker-bid-with-80-lawmakers-3-party-alliance|accessdate=May 19, 2016|work=Philippine Daily Inquirer|date=May 18, 2016}}
12. ^{{cite news|last1=Romero|first1=Paolo|title=Lines drawn in battle for House speaker’s post|url=http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2016/05/19/1584761/lines-drawn-battle-house-speakers-post|accessdate=May 19, 2016|work=The Philippine Star|date=May 19, 2016}}
13. ^{{cite news|last1=Romero|first1=Paolo|title=Belmonte: Alvarez to become speaker|url=http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2016/05/21/1585432/belmonte-alvarez-become-speaker|accessdate=May 23, 2016|work=The Philippine Star|issue=2016-05-21}}
14. ^{{cite news|last1=Cayabyab|first1=Marc Jayson|title=LP backs Alvarez’s Speaker bid|url=http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/787080/lp-backs-alvarezs-speaker-bid|accessdate=May 23, 2016|work=Philippine Daily Inquirer|issue=2016-05-23}}
15. ^{{cite news|last1=Dalangin-Fernandez|first1=Lira|title=House minority leadership still a toss-up between Belmonte and Suarez|url=http://interaksyon.com/article/128124/house-minority-leadership-still-a-toss-up-between-belmonte-and-suarez|accessdate=May 23, 2016|work=Interaksyon.com|issue=2016-05-23}}
16. ^{{cite news|last1=Cahinhinan|first1=John Carlo|title=Lakas, NUP form alliance to support Duterte|url=http://www.sunstar.com.ph/manila/local-news/2016/05/23/lakas-nup-form-alliance-support-duterte-475210|accessdate=May 23, 2016|work=Sun.Star Manila|issue=2016-05-23}}
17. ^{{cite news|last1=Vigilia|first1=Wendell|title=Belmonte resigned to leading minority|url=http://www.malaya.com.ph/business-news/news/belmonte-resigned-leading-minority|accessdate=June 2, 2016|work=Malaya|issue=2016-06-01}}
18. ^{{cite news|last1=Panti|first1=Llanesca T.|title=LP stalwarts join Duterte party|url=http://www.manilatimes.net/lp-stalwarts-join-duterte-party/265639/|accessdate=June 2, 2016|work=The Manila Times|issue=2016-06-02}}
19. ^{{cite news|last1=Cruz|first1=Maricel|title=NUP seals alliance with PDP-Laban|url=http://thestandard.com.ph/news/-main-stories/top-stories/207235/nup-seals-alliance-with-pdp-laban.html|accessdate=June 2, 2016|work=CNN Philippines|date=June 3, 2016}}
20. ^{{cite news|title='Supermajority' backs Alvarez as House speaker|url=http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2016/07/25/1606483/supermajority-backs-alvarez-house-speaker|accessdate=October 23, 2016|work=Philippine Star|date=July 25, 2016}}
{{2016 Philippine elections}}{{Philippine elections}}

2 : 2016 elections in the Philippines|Lower house elections in the Philippines

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