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词条 2019 Israeli legislative election
释义

  1. Background

  2. Electoral system

     Surplus-vote agreements 

  3. Parliament factions

     Public expression of interest  Withdrawals 

  4. Campaigns

     Blue and White (Israel Resilience Party/Yesh Atid/Telem)  United Right (The Jewish Home/Tkuma/Otzma Yehudit)  Labor  Likud  Meretz  Yisrael Beiteinu  Zehut 

  5. Opinion polls

  6. See also

  7. References

  8. External links

{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2019}}{{Infobox legislative election
| ongoing = yes
| election_name = Elections for the 21st Knesset
| country = Israel
| previous_election = 2015
| next_election =
| election_date = 9 April 2019
| party1 = Likud
| party_leader1 = {{nowrap|Benjamin Netanyahu}}
| percentage1 =
| seats1 =
| seats1_before = 30
| party2 = Israeli Labor Party
| party_leader2 = Avi Gabbay
| percentage2 =
| seats2 =
| seats2_before = 19
| party3 = Blue and White
| party_leader3 = Benny Gantz
| color3 = {{Blue and White/meta/color}}
| percentage3 =
| seats3 =
| seats3_before = 11
| party4 = Kulanu
| party_leader4 = Moshe Kahlon
| percentage4 =
| seats4 =
| seats4_before = 10
| party5 = Shas
| party_leader5 = Aryeh Deri
| percentage5 =
| seats5 =
| seats5_before = 7
| party6 = Ra'am–Balad
| color6 = {{United Arab List/meta/color}}
| party_leader6 = Mansour Abbas
| percentage6 =
| seats6 =
| seats6_before = 7
| party7 = United Torah Judaism
| party_leader7 = Yaakov Litzman
| percentage7 =
| seats7 =
| seats7_before = 6
| party8 = Hadash–Ta'al
| color8 = {{Hadash/meta/color}}
| party_leader8 = Ayman Odeh
| percentage8 =
| seats8 =
| seats8_before = 6
| party9 = {{nowrap|United Right}}
| party_leader9 = Rafi Peretz
| color9 = {{Union of Right-Wing Parties/meta/color}}
| percentage9 =
| seats9 =
| seats9_before = 5
| party10 = Meretz
| party_leader10 = Tamar Zandberg
| percentage10 =
| seats10 =
| seats10_before = 5
| party11 = Yisrael Beiteinu
| party_leader11 = Avigdor Lieberman
| percentage11 =
| seats11 =
| seats11_before = 5
| party12 = New Right (Israel)
| color12 =
| party_leader12 = Naftali Bennett
| percentage12 =
| seats12 =
| seats12_before = 3
| party13 = Gesher
| color13 = {{Gesher/meta/color}}
| party_leader13 = Orly Levy
| percentage13 =
| seats13 =
| seats13_before = 1
| title = Prime Minister
| before_election = Benjamin Netanyahu
| before_party = Likud
| before_image = Benjamin Netanyahu 2018.jpg
| after_election =
| after_party =
| after_image =
}}

Early legislative elections will be held in Israel on 9 April 2019 to elect the members of the twenty-first Knesset.[1] The elections had been due in November 2019, but were brought forward following a dispute between members of the ruling coalition government over a bill on national service for the ultra-Orthodox population.

Background

Defense Minister Avigdor Lieberman had opposed a draft law (supported by the ultra-Orthodox parties) which would allow full-time Torah students exemptions from serving in the IDF.[2] Meretz and Yesh Atid submitted a proposal on 12 March 2018 seeking the dissolution of the Knesset.[3] Early elections were averted at that point in time.[4]

Lieberman would eventually leave the government over the cease-fire with Hamas in Gaza.[5][6] This leaves the governing coalition with 61 seats (out of 120 in total).[7] The Jewish Home announced on 16 November that it will leave the government, as Naftali Bennett (the head of the party) was not given Lieberman's former Defense Ministry post.[8] Reports were that Netanyahu would not be giving the post to Bennett and was to meet with other coalition leaders on 18 November to determine a date for early election.[9] However, after further discussion, Bennett decided to stay on as education minister, narrowly avoiding the collapse of the Netanyahu government again.[10] However, continued dysfunction over various issues, including military service for the ultra-Orthodox, caused parliament to dissolve and early elections to be called for 9 April 2019.[11] Had early elections not been called, the regularly-scheduled elections would have taken place seven months later on 5 November 2019.

Electoral system

{{further information|Elections in Israel}}

The 120 seats in the Knesset are elected by closed list proportional representation in a single nationwide constituency. The electoral threshold for the election is 3.25%. In most cases, this implies a minimum party size of four seats, but on some occasions, a party can end up with three.[12]

Surplus-vote agreements

{{further|D'Hondt method}}

Two party lists can sign an agreement that allows them to compete for leftover seats as though they are running together. The Bader–Ofer method disproportionately favors larger lists, meaning that such an alliance is more likely to receive leftover seats than both of its comprising lists would be individually. If the alliance receives leftover seats, the Bader–Ofer calculation is then applied privately to determine how the seats are divided among the two allied lists.[13] The following agreements were signed by parties prior to the election:

  • United Right and Likud[14]
  • The New Right and Yisrael Beiteinu[15]
  • Meretz and Labor[16]
  • United Torah Judaism and Shas[17]
  • Hadash -Ta'al and Balad-Ra'am{{cn|date=March 2019}}

Parliament factions

{{main list|List of political parties in Israel}}

The table below lists the parliamentary factions represented in the 20th Knesset.

NameIdeologyLeader2015 resultSeats at 2018
dissolution
Votes (%) Seats
Likud Conservatism,[18] national conservatism,[19] national liberalism, economic liberalism, Zionism Benjamin Netanyahu23.40%30|120|{{Likud/meta/color}}}}30|120|{{Likud/meta/color}}}}
Labor Social liberalism, social democracy, progressivism, labor Zionism Avi Gabbay18.67%{{efn|name=A|Hatnuah and the Labor Party ran as a joint list called the Zionist Union. Amir Peretz was elected as a member of Hatnuah, but defected to Labor before the split.}}18|120|{{Israeli Labor Party/meta/color}}}}19|120|{{Israeli Labor Party/meta/color}}}}
HatnuahLiberal Zionism, environmentalism, secularismTzipi Livni6|120|#000080}}5|120|#000080}}
Joint List Israeli Arab interests, big tent, anti-Zionism, non-Zionism Ayman Odeh10.54%{{efn|name=B|Ta'al ran as part of the Joint List and split off before the 2019 elections. Due to rotation agreements, one seat Ta'al initially held in the Knesset rotated to other factions of the Joint List.}}11|120|{{Joint List/meta/color}}}}12|120|{{Joint List/meta/color}}}}
Ta'al Arab nationalism, Israeli Arab interests, secularism, anti-Zionism Ahmad Tibi2|120|{{Ta'al/meta/color}}}}1|120|{{Ta'al/meta/color}}}}
Yesh Atid Liberal Zionism, secularism, centrism Yair Lapid8.81%11|120|{{Yesh Atid/meta/color}}}}11|120|{{Yesh Atid/meta/color}}}}
Kulanu Social liberalism, consumer protection, liberal Zionism Moshe Kahlon7.49%10|120|{{Kulanu/meta/color}}}}10|120|{{Kulanu/meta/color}}}}
Jewish Home Religious Zionism, religious nationalism, religious conservatism, settler interests Rafi Peretz6.74%8|120|{{The Jewish Home/meta/color}}}}5|120|{{The Jewish Home/meta/color}}}}
Shas Haredi interests, Sephardic and Mizrahi interests, orthodox Halacha, religious conservatism Aryeh Deri5.73%7|120|{{Shas/meta/color}}}}7|120|{{Shas/meta/color}}}}
United Torah Judaism Ashkenazi/Haredi interests, orthodox Halacha, religious conservatism Yaakov Litzman5.03%6|120|{{United Torah Judaism/meta/color}}}}6|120|{{United Torah Judaism/meta/color}}}}
Yisrael Beiteinu Russian speakers' interests, national conservatism, Zionism Avigdor Lieberman5.11%6|120|{{Yisrael Beiteinu/meta/color}}}}5|120|{{Yisrael Beiteinu/meta/color}}}}
Meretz Social democracy, green politics Tamar Zandberg3.93%5|120|{{Meretz/meta/color}}}}5|120|{{Meretz/meta/color}}}}
New RightNationalism, religious–secular Zionist partnership, economic liberalismNaftali Bennett, Ayelet Shaked{{Center|N/A}}3|120|#20A2DC}}
IndependentOrly Levy{{Center|N/A}}1|120|{{Independent (politician)/meta/color}}}}
{{notelist}}

Public expression of interest

  • The Zehut Party, under the leadership of Moshe Feiglin, was founded in 2015 for the purpose of running in the upcoming Knesset elections as a libertarian Zionist party.[20][21] It held Israel's first open primaries on 29 January 2019.[22]
  • Naftali Bennett, Ayelet Shaked, and Shuli Mualem[23] announced on 29 December 2018 that they will leave the Jewish Home party and form a new religious-secular party called the New Right.[24]
  • Engineer and Nazareth resident Salman Abu Ahmad announced on 2 January that he launched a new Israeli Arab party named New Horizon — An Arab Centrist Party, which will participate in the elections.[25]
  • Former IDF brigadier general Gal Hirsch announced on 8 January that he launched a new party named Shield of Israel.[26]
  • Motti Ashkenazi and Gad Haran will lead the Social Justice Party.[27]
  • Amos Danieli will run as part of the For Our Sake party.[28]
  • Semyon Grafman will run as part of the Social Safety party.[29]
  • Tkuma and The Jewish Home will run on a joint list named the United Right alongside Otzma Yehudit.[30][31]
  • Former Likud MK Oren Hazan will head the Tzomet party.[32]
  • Orly Levy will run in the election with a political party that will be named Gesher. She announced that she and her party will run independently after a failed joint-list agreement with Benny Gantz and his Resilience party.[33][34]
  • Benny Gantz's Israel Resilience Party ("Hosen Yisrael" in Hebrew) will run on a united list named Blue & White, with Moshe Ya'alon's Telem, Yair Lapid's Yesh Atid, and former Israel Defense Forces Chief of Staff Gabi Ashkenazi.[35][36]

Withdrawals

  • Tzipi Livni announced on 18 February 2019 that her Hatnuah party would not contest the election.[37]
  • Left-wing activist Eldad Yaniv announced on 30 December 2018 that he would re-form his 2013 party named "Eretz Hadasha", which would have run in the upcoming election,[38] though Yaniv dropped out of the race following the revealing of the Gantz/Lapid joint list on 20 February 2019.[39]
  • The Green Leaf party announced on 20 February 2019 that it would not participate in the election.[40]
  • Haredi Women's College founder Adina Bar-Shalom had expressed interest in participating in the elections with her newly-formed, but unregistered, party Ahi Yisraeli,[41][42] though the party announced its withdrawal on 26 February 2019.[43]
  • Yom-Tov Samia announced the withdrawal of B'Yahad on 4 March 2019.[44]
  • Eli Yishai announced the withdrawal of Yachad on 27 March 2019.[45]

Campaigns

{{main|Party lists for the 2019 Israeli legislative election}}

Some parties, like Likud, Labor, the Jewish Home, Zehut, and Meretz, have systems in which the leadership and most candidates on their lists are elected in primary elections.

Blue and White (Israel Resilience Party/Yesh Atid/Telem)

Benny Gantz's Israel Resilience Party and Moshe Ya'alon's Telem unveiled its party slate on 19 February 2019.[46] Yair Lapid's Yesh Atid party unveiled its party slate on 18 February 2019.[47] On 21 February 2019, the three parties agreed to run on a united list named Blue and White.[48]

United Right (The Jewish Home/Tkuma/Otzma Yehudit)

The Jewish Home held its leadership primaries on 27 April 2017; Naftali Bennett won with 80.3% of the vote, Yonatan Branski received 12.2%, and Yitzhak Zagha received 7.47%.[49] In the aftermath of the formation of the New Right and Bennett's leaving, the Jewish Home cancelled its primaries.[50] Rafi Peretz was elected leader of the Jewish Home on 4 February.[51]{{clear}}

The Tkuma party held its leadership primaries on 14 January 2019; Bezalel Smotrich defeated Uri Ariel.[52]

On 14 February 2019, Jewish Home agreed to run on a joint list with the Tkuma party. Jewish Home leader Rafi Peretz will head the joint list. Tkuma chair Bezalel Smotrich will be the number two.[30] On 20 February 2019, they agreed to include Otzma Yehudit in their list, to be titled the United Right.[31][53] The inclusion of Otzma Yehudit prompted strong criticism.[54][55][56]

Labor

The Labor Party held its leadership primaries on 10 July 2017; Avi Gabbay defeated Amir Peretz in the run-off, with Isaac Herzog being defeated during the first round of voting.[57] The party held primaries on 11 February 2019 to choose members for its slate.[58]

{{clear}}

Likud

The Likud leadership primary election was originally scheduled for 23 February 2016 following Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu's proposal,[59] and later cancelled by a party court on the basis that the Likud constitution did not require a vote when there was only one candidate.[60][61] Likud held the primary for the rest of its list on 5 February 2019, which resulted in several of Netanyahu's rivals winning senior spots.[62][63] Voting irregularities surfaced in the primary results. In some cases, specific candidates received more votes in some locales than the total number of ballots cast in those locales. The Likud party investigated the matter.[64] In the final results, Knesset speaker Yuli Edelstein came in first place, followed by Yisrael Katz, Gilad Erdan, Gideon Sa'ar, and Miri Regev.[65]

On 28 February 2019, the Attorney General decided to indict Prime Minister Netanyahu on three charges which include bribery, fraud and breach of trust. These include trading legislation for favorable press coverage.[66]

Meretz

Meretz held its leadership primaries on 22 March 2018; Tamar Zandberg won with 71% of the vote, Avi Buskila received 29%.[67] Meretz held its primary on 14 February 2019.[68]

Yisrael Beiteinu

Avigdor Lieberman's Yisrael Beiteinu released its party slate on 19 February 2019.[69]

Zehut

The Zehut party held Israel's first open primaries on 29 January 2019, in which all Israeli voters (including those living abroad) were able to vote via a secure online website. About 12,000 people voted in these primaries, which determined the order of the candidates who won in the party's internal primaries in September 2017.[70][71]

Opinion polls

{{main|Opinion polling for the 2019 Israeli legislative election}}{{Graph:Chart|width=480|height=300|xAxisTitle=Date|yAxisTitle=Seats|legend=|type=line
|interpolate=monotone
|xType=date
|xAxisMax=1554768000000
|yAxisMin=25
|x= 2019/02/21, 2019/02/22, 2019/02/24, 2019/02/27, 2019/02/28, 2019/03/01, 2019/03/03, 2019/03/05, 2019/03/07, 2019/03/08, 2019/03/11, 2019/03/13, 2019/03/14, 2019/03/17, 2019/03/19, 2019/03/20, 2019/03/22, 2019/03/24, 2019/03/26, 2019/03/27, 2019/03/28, 2019/03/29, 2019/03/31
|y1Title=Blue & White |y1= 35.5, 34, 35.5, 36, 36.5, 36.5, 38, 34.5, 32.33, 35, 31, 32, 32, 30, 29, 31.5, 30, 31.5, 30, 30, 30.4, 31, 31
|y2Title=Likud |y2= 29.83, 27, 30, 29, 29, 29.5, 30, 30, 27.67, 29, 28, 32, 27, 31, 32, 28, 28, 28, 28, 31, 28.8, 29, 29.5
|colors=#00c3f3,#1f5aa5
}}{{Graph:Chart|width=480|height=300|xAxisTitle=Date|yAxisTitle=Seats *|legend=|type=line
|interpolate=monotone
|xType=date
|xAxisMax=1554768000000
|yAxisMin=0
|x= 2019/02/21, 2019/02/22, 2019/02/24, 2019/02/27, 2019/02/28, 2019/03/01, 2019/03/03, 2019/03/05, 2019/03/07, 2019/03/08, 2019/03/11, 2019/03/13, 2019/03/14, 2019/03/17, 2019/03/19, 2019/03/20, 2019/03/22, 2019/03/24, 2019/03/26, 2019/03/27, 2019/03/28, 2019/03/29, 2019/03/31
|y1Title=Labor |y1= 7.17, 6, 8.5, 8, 6.5, 6, 8, 7.75, 9.33, 8, 7, 10, 8.5, 9, 8, 9.5, 8.67, 10, 9, 9, 8.8, 8, 8.5
|y2Title=Hadash–Ta'al |y2= 8.33, 6, 7, 7, 9, 8, 9, 8.5, 8, 9, 7, 9, 6.5, 8, 9, 7.5, 7.33, 7, 7.5, 8, 7, 7, 8
|y3Title=URWP |y3= 5.83, 7, 6.5, 5, 8, 6, 7, 6, 7.33, 7, 7, 7, 7, 6, 7, 5.5, 6.33, 6.5, 5, 7, 6.2, 7, 5
|y4Title=UTJ |y4= 6.67, 6, 7, 7, 6.5, 7, 7, 6.75, 7.33, 8, 6, 7, 7, 6, 6, 7, 6.67, 6.5, 7, 7, 6.4, 7, 6
|y5Title=Shas |y5= 5.33, 4, 6, 4, 5.5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5.5, 6, 4, 5, 4.67, 5.5, 6, 4, 5.4, 6, 5.5
|y6Title=New Right |y6= 6.67, 6, 7.5, 8, 7, 6, 6, 5.5, 6.67, 6, 6, 7, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6.33, 5, 6, 6, 6.2, 6, 5.5
|y7Title=Meretz |y7= 4, 5, 5.5, 4, 5.5, 6, 6, 5, 5.67, 7, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 4.5, 5.67, 4.5, 5, 5, 5.4, 5, 5.5
|y8Title=Ra'am–Balad |y8= 4.16, 8, 3.7, 4, 1.5, 4.5, 2.64, 3.48, 3.47, , 5, 3.12, 3.2, 4, 3, 4, 4, 4, 3.46, 2.28, 3.68, , 3.26
|y9Title=Kulanu |y9= 3.51, 4, 3.2, 4, 4.5, 4.5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 3.24, 4.5, 2.52, 4, 4.5, 4.33, 4.06, 5, 4, 4.4, 5, 4.5
|y10Title=Zehut |y10= 2.62, , 3.06, , 3.54, 2.76, 3.48, 3.28, 3.91, , 4, 4, 4.5, 4, 4, 4.5, 4.67, 5, 5, 5, 5.2, 5, 5
|y11Title=Yisrael Beiteinu |y11= 4.5, 4, 3.8, 4, 3.2, 2.58, 2.52, 3.25, 2.53, , 4, 3.48, 4.5, 4, 5, 3.32, 4.33, 3.44, 3.26, 4, 3.68, 4, 4
|y12Title=Gesher |y12= 3.02, , 3, 1.2, 3, 3.18, 3.36, 3.07, 2.32, , 2.76, 2.04, 2.58, 1.32, 3.48, 2.34, 3.68, 2.96, 3.56, 3.12, 2.52, , 2.28
|y13Title=Threshold (3.25%) |y13= 3.9, 3.9, 3.9, 3.9, 3.9, 3.9, 3.9, 3.9, 3.9, 3.9, 3.9, 3.9, 3.9, 3.9, 3.9, 3.9, 3.9, 3.9, 3.9, 3.9, 3.9, 3.9, 3.9
|colors=#EE1C25,#F9D104,#8CC74B,#003366,#000000,#28459F,#40AE49,#F6600C,#00AFEF,#6AC7DF,#2F4F4F,#ED0963,#808080
}}
  • For parties not crossing the electoral threshold in any given poll, seats are calculated as a percentage of 120 total seats.

See also

  • Thirty-fifth government of Israel

References

1. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/20th-knesset-officially-dissolves-sets-elections-for-april-9-2019/|title=20th Knesset officially dissolves, sets elections for April 9, 2019|publisher=The Times of Israel|accessdate=26 December 2018|date=26 December 2018|author=Raoul Wootliff}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-5161067,00.html|title=Netanyahu to meet with Lieberman over coalition crisis|date=12 March 2018|publisher=Ynet News|accessdate=12 March 2018}}
3. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-5160485,00.html|title=Meretz, Yesh Atid seek to dissolve the Knesset|date=12 March 2018|publisher=Ynet News|accessdate=12 March 2018}}
4. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/in-last-minute-deal-coalition-okays-compromise-to-dodge-early-elections/|title=In last-minute deal, coalition okays compromise to dodge early elections|date=13 March 2018|publisher=The Times of Israel|accessdate=14 March 2018}}
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6. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-46207094|title=Israel defence minister resigns over Gaza|date=14 November 2018|work=BBC News|access-date=14 November 2018|language=en-GB}}
7. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/as-liberman-quits-looming-draft-law-deadline-puts-netanyahu-under-the-gun/|title=As Liberman quits, looming draft law deadline puts Netanyahu under the gun|access-date=14 November 2018|language=en-US|work=Times of Israel|author=Marissa Newman}}
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10. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/israels-fragile-coalition-survives-as-key-partner-reverses-withdrawal-threat-1542627954|title=Israeli Government Crisis Raises Fresh Doubts for U.S. Peace Plan|author1=Felicia Schwartz|author2=Dov Lieber|work=The Wall Street Journal|access-date=19 November 2018|language=en-US}}
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12. ^{{cite news|title=With Bader-Ofer method, not every ballot counts|url=http://www.jpost.com/Israel-Elections/With-Bader-Ofer-method-not-every-ballot-counts-394027|work=The Jerusalem Post|date=16 March 2014}}
13. ^[https://www.knesset.gov.il/lexicon/eng/seats_eng.htm The Distribution of Knesset Seats Among the Lists – the Bader-Offer Method], Knesset website
14. ^{{cite news|title=Jewish Home signs vote sharing agreement with Likud|url=http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/Flash.aspx/448589|work=Israel National News|date=20 February 2019|accessdate=20 February 2019}}
15. ^{{cite news|title=New Right unveils Knesset slate featuring equal representation for women|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/new-right-unveils-knesset-slate-featuring-equal-representation-for-women/|work=Times of Israel|date=20 February 2019|accessdate=25 February 2019}}
16. ^{{cite news|title=Labor and Meretz sign vote sharing agreement|url=http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/Flash.aspx/449002|work=Israel National News|date=25 February 2019|accessdate=25 February 2019}}
17. ^{{cite news|title=United Torah Judaism and Shas sign vote-sharing agreement|url=http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/Flash.aspx/450087|work=Israel National News|date=6 March 2019|accessdate=6 March 2019}}
18. ^{{cite web|url=https://en.idi.org.il/israeli-elections-and-parties/parties/likud/|title=likud - parties|website=en.idi.org.il}}
19. ^https://www.kas.de/c/document_library/get_file?uuid=b8d1e9ab-8ac2-ea7c-2aff-f70650fea759&groupId=252038
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21. ^{{Cite web|url=https://en.idi.org.il/israeli-elections-and-parties/parties/zehut/|title=Zehut|last=|first=|date=|website=en.idi.org.il|language=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2019-02-21}}
22. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.jpost.com/Opinion/Open-primaries-are-good-for-all-Israelis-and-good-for-Israel-578856|title=Open primaries are good for all Israelis and good for Israel|publisher=The Jerusalem Post|date=27 January 2019|accessdate=11 February 2019|author=Albert Levy}}
23. ^{{cite news |last1=Israel |first1=David |title=Bennett's, Shaked's 'New Right' Party to Challenge Netanyahu |url=http://www.jewishpress.com/news/israel/religious-secular-in-israel-israel/bennetts-shakeds-new-right-party-to-challenge-netanyahu/2018/12/29/ |accessdate=29 December 2018 |work=Jewish Press |date=29 December 2018}}
24. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/ministers-bennett-and-shaked-to-announce-formation-of-new-party-1.6788899|title=Political Drama: Senior Israeli Ministers Launch New Right-wing Party|publisher=Haaretz|date=30 December 2018|accessdate=30 December 2018}}
25. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/new-centrist-arab-party-registers-ahead-of-elections|title=New ‘centrist’ Arab party registers ahead of elections|publisher=The Times of Israel|date=3 January 2019|accessdate=3 January 2019}}
26. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/despite-possible-indictments-ex-idf-general-gal-hirsch-launches-political-party/|title=Despite possible indictments, ex-IDF general Gal Hirsch launches political party|publisher=The Times of Israel|date=8 January 2019|accessdate=8 January 2019}}
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40. ^{{cite news|title=Pro-marijuana legalization party to sit out elections|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/pro-marijuana-legalization-party-to-sit-out-elections/|work=The Times of Israel|date=20 February 2019}}
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42. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.jpost.com/Israel-News/Adina-Bar-Shalom-to-head-nascent-Achi-Israeli-party-575202|title=Adina Bar-Shalom to head nascent Achi Israeli party |publisher=The Jerusalem Post|author=Gil Hoffman|date=23 December 2018|accessdate=25 December 2018}}
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45. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/eli-yishais-yachad-party-drops-out-of-election-race-boosting-right/|title=Eli Yishai’s Yachad party drops out of election race, boosting right|author=Newman, Marissa|work=The Times of Israel|date=27 March 2019|accessdate=28 March 2019}}
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47. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/lapid-unveils-yesh-atid-list-says-unity-with-gantz-still-on-the-table/|title=Lapid unveils Yesh Atid list, says unity with Gantz still ‘on the table’|first=Raoul|last=Wootliff|work=The Times of Israel|date=18 February 2019|accessdate=19 February 2019}}
48. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/259402|title=Lapid-Gantz-Ya'alon list: 'Blue and White'|work=Israel National News|author=Staff|date=21 February 2019|accessdate=21 February 2019}}
49. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/bennett-wins-sweeping-victory-in-jewish-home-leadership-race/|title=Bennett wins sweeping victory in Jewish Home leadership race|author=Wootliff, Raoul|work=The Times of Israel|date=28 April 2017|accessdate=28 April 2017}}
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52. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.jpost.com/Israel-News/Smotrich-hopes-to-head-religious-Zionist-bloc-after-big-win-over-Ariel-577355|author=Lahar Harkov|work=The Jerusalem Post|date=14 January 2019|accessdate=19 February 2019|title=Smotrich hopes to head religious-Zionist bloc after big win over Ariel}}
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66. ^https://www.bbc.com/news/amp/world-middle-east-47409739
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68. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/259085|author=Elad Benari|work=Israel National News|date=14 February 2019|accessdate=14 February 2019|title=Gilon and Rozin win Meretz primaries}}
69. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/liberman-unveils-yisrael-beytenu-candidates-leaves-out-veteran-lawmakers/|title=Liberman unveils Yisrael Beytenu candidates, leaves out veteran lawmakers|first=Alexander|last=Fulbright|work=The Times of Israel|date=20 February 2019}}
70. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/with-first-open-primaries-moshe-feiglins-zehut-looks-for-a-public-identity/|author=Raoul Wootliff|work=The Jerusalem Post|date=29 January 2019|accessdate=8 February 2019|title=With first open primaries, Moshe Feiglin’s ‘Zehut’ looks for a public identity}}
71. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.20il.co.il/אלו-תוצאות-הפריימריז-של-מפלגת-זהות//|author=Eliran Tal|work=Channel 20 News Israel|date=30 January 2019|accessdate=8 February 2019|title=אלו תוצאות הפריימריז של מפלגת זהות}}

External links

  • Official website of the Israeli Central Elections Committee
{{Israeli elections}}

5 : 2010s in Israeli politics|2019 elections in Asia|2019 in Israel|April 2019 events in Asia|Legislative elections in Israel
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