| 词条 | (285263) 1998 QE2 | ||
| 释义 |
| minorplanet = yes | name = {{mp|(285263) 1998 QE|2}} | background = #FFC2E0 | image = (285263) 1998 QE2, Goldstone, May 30, 2013.jpg | image_size = 255 | caption = First radar images of {{mp|1998 QE|2}} taken at Goldstone on 30 May 2013 | discovery_ref = [2][3] | discoverer = LINEAR | discovery_site = Lincoln Lab's ETS | discovered = 19 August 1998 | mpc_name = (285263) {{mp|1998 QE|2}} | alt_names = {{mp|1998 QE|2}} | pronounced = | named_after = | mp_category = {{nowrap|Amor{{·}}NEO{{·}}PHA [2]}} | orbit_ref = | epoch = 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5) | uncertainty = 0 | observation_arc = 19.24 yr (7,029 days) | aphelion = 3.8092 AU | perihelion = 1.0377 AU | semimajor = 2.4234 AU | eccentricity = 0.5718 | period = 3.77 yr (1,378 days) | mean_anomaly = 49.758° | mean_motion = {{Deg2DMS|0.2612|sup=ms}} / day | inclination = 12.859° | asc_node = 250.14° | arg_peri = 345.65° | moid = 0.0345 AU{{·}}13.4 LD | tisserand = 3.239 | satellites = 1 [8]{{efn|name=lcdb-Brozovic 2013b}} | mean_diameter = 1.08 km {{small|(calculated)}}[9] {{val|2.7}} km{{efn|name=lcdb-Brozovic 2013b}} {{val|2.75}} km[10] {{val|3.2|0.3}} km[8][12] | rotation = {{val|2.726|0.001}} h[13] {{val|4}} h {{small|(upper limit)}}{{efn|name=lcdb-Brozovic 2013b}} {{val|4.749|0.001}} h{{efn|name=lcdb-Pravec-2013}} {{val|4.751|0.002}} h[14] {{val|5.39|0.02}} h[15] | albedo = 0.06[10] 0.20 {{small|(assumed)}}[9] | spectral_type = S {{small|(assumed)}}[9] | abs_magnitude = 16.4[10]{{·}}{{val|16.98|0.02}}[15]{{·}}17.2[9]{{·}}17.3 }} {{mp|(285263) 1998 QE|2}}, provisional designation {{mp|1998 QE|2}}, is a dark asteroid and synchronous binary system, classified as near-Earth object and potentially hazardous asteroid of the Amor group, approximately 3 kilometers in diameter.[12] It was discovered on 19 August 1998, by astronomers of the LINEAR program at Lincoln Laboratory's Experimental Test Site near Socorro, New Mexico, in the United States.[2] Its sub-kilometer minor-planet moon was discovered by radar on 30 May 2013.[8]{{efn|name=lcdb-Brozovic 2013b}} Classification and orbital characteristicsAs an Amor asteroid the orbit of {{mp|1998 QE|2}} is entirely beyond Earth's orbit. The asteroid orbits the Sun at a distance of 1.0–3.8 AU once every 3 years and 9 months (1,378 days; semi-major axis of 2.42 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.57 and an inclination of 13° with respect to the ecliptic. The Earth minimum orbit intersection distance with the orbit of the asteroid is {{convert|0.035|AU|km mi|abbr=on|lk=on}}, which translates into 13.4 lunar distances. As with many members of the Amor group, this asteroid has an aphelion beyond the orbit of Mars (at 1.66 AU) which also makes it a Mars-crosser. The sooty surface of {{mp|1998 QE|2}} suggested that it might have previously been a comet that experienced a close encounter with the Sun.[27] However, the Tisserand parameter with respect to Jupiter (TJ=3.2) does not make it obvious whether {{mp|1998 QE|2}} was ever a comet, since cometary TJ values are typically below 3.[10] Earth approachOn May 31, 2013, {{mp|1998 QE|2}} approached within {{convert|0.039|AU|km mi|abbr=on|lk=off}} (15 lunar distances) of Earth at 20:59 UT (4:59 pm EDT).[29] This was the closest approach the asteroid will make to Earth for at least the next two centuries.[30] It is a very strong radar target for Goldstone from May 30 to June 9 and will be one for Arecibo from June 6 to June 12.[10] At its closest approach the asteroid had an apparent magnitude of 11 and therefore required a small telescope to be seen.[10] Integrating the orbital solution shows the asteroid passed {{convert|0.08|AU|km mi|abbr=on|lk=off}} from Earth on June 8, 1975,[29] with an apparent magnitude of about 13.9.[34] The next notable close approach will be May 27, 2221, when the asteroid will pass Earth at a distance of {{convert|0.038|AU|km mi|abbr=on|lk=off}}.[10] SatelliteGoldstone radar observations on May 29, 2013 discovered that {{mp|1998 QE|2}} is orbited by a minor-planet moon approximately 600–800 meters in diameter.[8][37]{{efn|name=lcdb-Brozovic 2013b}} In radar images, the satellite appears brighter than {{mp|1998 QE|2}} because it is rotating significantly more slowly, which compresses the radar return of the satellite along the Doppler axis. This makes the satellite appear narrow and bright compared to {{mp|1998 QE|2}}.[38] The satellite orbits the primary every 32 hours with a maximum separation of {{convert|6.4|km|sp=us}}.[39] Once the satellite's orbit is well determined, astronomers and astrophysicists will be able to determine the mass and density of {{mp|1998 QE|2}}. Physical characteristicsSurface, albedo and compositionThe surface of {{mp|1998 QE|2}} is covered with a sooty substance, making it optically dark with a geometric albedo of 0.06,[10] meaning it absorbs 94% of the light that hits it, which is indicative for a carbonaceous surface of a C-type asteroid. The asteroid is covered with craters and is dark, red, and primitive.[41] DiameterWith a diameter between 2.7 and 3.2 kilometers, {{mp|1998 QE|2}} is one of largest known potentially hazardous asteroid (see PHA-list).[42] Conversely, the Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a standard albedo for stony asteroids of 0.20 and calculates a diameter of 1.08 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 17.2.[9] GalleryNotes{{notelist|refs={{efn|name=lcdb-Brozovic 2013b|1=Brozovic (2013) – Companion discovered 2013 May 29 using radar observations. Announced 2013 May 30. Primary: rotation period {{val|4}} hours (upper limit); diameter of 2.7 kilometers. Summary figures at the LCDB and NASA news [https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?release=2013-182&cid=release_2013-182 NASA Radar Reveals Asteroid Has Its Own Moon], from 30 May 2013.}}{{efn|name=lcdb-Pravec-2013|1=Pravec (2013) web: photometry from June 2013. Rotation period {{val|4.749|0.001}} hours with a brightness amplitude of {{val|0.19|0.02}} mag. Quality Code of (3). Summary figures for at the LCDB and Pravec, P.; Wolf, M.; Sarounova, L. (2013) obtained by the NEO Photometric Program and collaborating projects}}}} References1. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web |title = 285263 (1998 QE2) |work = Minor Planet Center |url = http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=285263 |accessdate = 20 January 2018}} [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]2. ^1 {{cite web |title = List of the Potentially Hazardous Asteroids (PHAs) |work = Minor Planet Center |url = https://www.minorplanetcenter.org/iau/lists/TNOs.html |accessdate = 20 January 2018}} 3. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web |title = Asteroids with Satellites Database – (285263) 1998 QE2 |work = Johnston's Archive |date = 16 November 2014 |author = Johnston, Wm. Robert |url = http://www.johnstonsarchive.net/astro/astmoons/am-285263.html |accessdate = 15 November 2017}} 4. ^1 {{cite web |date=May 15, 2013 |title=Asteroid 1998 QE2 to Sail Past Earth Nine Times Larger Than Cruise Ship |publisher=NASA/JPL Asteroid Radar Research |url=http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?release=2013-163 |accessdate=2013-06-01}} 5. ^1 2 {{cite web |type=last observation: 2013-05-28; arc: 14.7 years; Uncertainty=0 |title=JPL Close-Approach Data: 285263 (1998 QE2) |url=http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=1998QE2;cad=1#cad |accessdate=2013-05-30}} 6. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 {{cite web |date=May 28, 2013 |title=(285263) 1998 QE2 Goldstone Radar Observations Planning |publisher=NASA/JPL Asteroid Radar Research |author=Dr. Lance A. M. Benner |url=http://echo.jpl.nasa.gov/asteroids/1998QE2/1998QE2_planning.html |accessdate=2013-05-30}} 7. ^1 {{cite web |date=May 30, 2013 |title=NASA Radar Reveals Asteroid Has Its Own Moon |publisher=NASA/JPL |url=http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?release=2013-182 |accessdate=2013-05-30}} 8. ^1 {{cite web |date=1998-08-22 |title=MPEC 1998-Q19 : 1998 QE2 |publisher=IAU Minor Planet Center |url=http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/J98/J98Q19.html |accessdate=2013-05-30}} (J98Q02E) 9. ^1 {{cite web |date=May 30, 2013 |title=Say "hi!" to asteroid -- actually, asteroids -- (285263) 1998 QE2 |publisher=The Planetary Society |author=Emily Lakdawalla |url=http://www.planetary.org/blogs/emily-lakdawalla/2013/05301616-say-hi-to-asteroid-1998qe2.html |accessdate=2013-05-30}} 10. ^1 {{cite news |date=May 24, 2013 |title=Dark, massive asteroid to fly by Earth on May 31 |url=http://phys.org/news/2013-05-dark-massive-asteroid-earth.html |author=Deborah Netburn |accessdate=May 24, 2013}} 11. ^1 {{cite web |title=(285263) 1998QE2 Ephemerides for 8 June 1975 |publisher=NEODyS (Near Earth Objects - Dynamic Site) |url=http://newton.dm.unipi.it/neodys/index.php?pc=1.1.3.1&n=285263&oc=500&y0=1975&m0=6&d0=5&h0=0&mi0=0&y1=1975&m1=6&d1=15&h1=0&mi1=0&ti=1&tiu=days |accessdate=2013-05-30}} 12. ^1 {{cite web |date=2013-06-06 |title=Radar Movies Highlight Asteroid 1998 QE2 and Its Moon |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/asteroids/news/asteroid20130606.html |publisher=NASA |accessdate=2013-06-08}} 13. ^1 {{cite web |date=2013-06-15 |title=Arecibo Radar Sees Asteroid 1998 QE2 and Moon |url=http://www.astrowatch.net/2013/06/arecibo-radar-sees-asteroid-1998-qe2.html |publisher=Astrowatch |accessdate=2013-06-15}} 14. ^1 2 {{Cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Alessondra |last1 = Springmann |first2 = Patrick A. |last2 = Taylor |first3 = Michael C. |last3 = Nolan |first4 = Ellen S. |last4 = Howell |first5 = Marina |last5 = Brozovic |first6 = Lance A. |last6 = Benner |first7 = Jon D. |last7 = Giorgini |first8 = Michael W. |last8 = Busch |first9 = Jean-Luc |last9 = Margot |first10 = Clement |last10 = Lee |first11 = Joseph S. |last11 = Jao |first12 = Dante S. |last12 = Lauretta |date = November 2014 |title = Radar-Derived Shape Model of Near-Earth Binary Asteroid System (285263) 1998 QE2 |url = http://www.helsinki.fi/acm2014/pdf-material/Day-4/Session-4/Room-2/SPRINGMANN-16EB.pdf |journal = American Astronomical Society |bibcode = 2014DPS....4640902S |access-date= 20 January 2018}} 15. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web |title = LCDB Data for (285263) |publisher = Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB) |url = http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/GenerateALCDEFPage_Local.php?AstInfo=285263%7C |accessdate = 20 January 2018}} 16. ^1 {{Cite journal |author = Oey, Julian |date = October 2014 |title = Lightcurve Analysis of Asteroids from Blue Mountains Observatory in 2013 |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2014MPBu...41..276O |journal = The Minor Planet Bulletin |volume = 41 |issue = 4 |pages = 276–281 |issn = 1052-8091 |bibcode = 2014MPBu...41..276O |access-date= 20 January 2018}} 17. ^1 {{Cite journal |author = Hills, Kevin |date = January 2014 |title = Asteroid Lightcurve Analysis at Riverland Dingo Observatory (RDO): 2013 Results |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2014MPBu...41....2H |journal = The Minor Planet Bulletin |volume = 41 |issue = 1 |pages = 2–3 |issn = 1052-8091 |bibcode = 2014MPBu...41....2H |access-date= 20 January 2018}} 18. ^1 2 {{Cite journal |first1 = M. |last1 = Hicks |first2 = B. |last2 = Buratt |first3 = P. |last3 = Dalba |date = June 2013 |title = BVRI photometry of the Potentially Hazardous Asteroid 285263 (1998 QE2). |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2013ATel.5121....1H |journal = The Astronomer's Telegram |issue = 5121 |bibcode = 2013ATel.5121....1H |access-date= 20 January 2018}} }} External links{{Portal|Astronomy|Solar System}}
7 : Amor asteroids|Discoveries by LINEAR|Radar-imaged asteroids|Potentially hazardous asteroids|Binary asteroids|Near-Earth objects in 2013|Astronomical objects discovered in 1998 |
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