| 词条 | 42 Squadron SAAF |
| 释义 |
| unit_name = 42 Squadron SAAF | image =Aermacchi AM-3C Bosbok at Bundaberg Airport Vabre.jpg | image_size = 300 | caption =Aeritalia/Aermacchi AM.3CM Bosbok, as flown by 42 Squadron | dates ={{date|23 January 1945| | country = {{flagicon| South Africa}} | allegiance = | branch = South African Air Force | type = | role = | size = | command_structure = | garrison =AFB Waterkloof | garrison_label = Last base | nickname = | patron = | motto =Per Spicimus (We survey)[1] | colors = | colors_label = | march = | mascot = | equipment = | equipment_label = | battles = | anniversaries = | decorations = | battle_honours = | battle_honours_label = | disbanded = | flying_hours = | website = | commander1 = | commander1_label = | commander2 = | commander2_label = | commander3 = | commander3_label = | commander4 = | commander4_label = | notable_commanders = | identification_symbol = | identification_symbol_label = | identification_symbol_2 = | identification_symbol_2_label = | identification_symbol_3 = | identification_symbol_3_label = | identification_symbol_4 = | identification_symbol_4_label = | aircraft_attack = | aircraft_bomber = | aircraft_electronic = | aircraft_fighter = | aircraft_helicopter = | aircraft_helicopter_attack = | aircraft_helicopter_cargo = | aircraft_helicopter_multirole = | aircraft_helicopter_observation = | aircraft_helicopter_transport = | aircraft_helicopter_trainer = | aircraft_helicopter_utility = | aircraft_interceptor = | aircraft_patrol = | aircraft_recon =Auster, Auster AOP6, Auster AOP9, Cessna 185, Atlas Bosbok, Atlas Kudu, Pilatus PC-6 | aircraft_trainer = | aircraft_transport = | aircraft_tanker = }}42 Squadron SAAF is a disbanded squadron of the South African Air Force, active from 1945–2000. The squadron's main role was to spot enemy artillery.[1] The unit was formed in 1945 as 42 AOP Flight, flying Austers under command of an officer of the SA Artillery and was the only army aviation unit flying for South African forces during World War II.[1][2] After the war, the Squadron was sent back to South Africa where they were based at Potchefstroom. The flight became 42 Squadron in the 1950s when control of the flight was transferred to the SAAF.[1] In 1962, the squadron's Austers were phased out and replaced with Cessna 185s, Atlas Bosboks and Atlas Kudus.[1] The Squadron relocated to AFB Swartkop in 1992 and to AFB Waterkloof in 2000, the same year the squadron was disbanded.[1] HistoryWorld War IIThe squadron was first formed in Bari, Italy during World War II on 23 January 1945.[1][3] Many of the pilots were selected from the South African Air Force and given extra training to prepare the pilots for their artillery-spotting duties.[1] The flight flew Auster aircraft in Europe.[1] The flight relocated often as they moved from base to base in Europe as the German forces retreated from Italy until the end of the war.[1] At the end of the war, 42 AOP Flight and their Auster aircraft were shipped back to South Africa and were based at Potchefstroom, home of the SA artillery. The flight's first two army pilots that were not taken from the SAAF were trained at Central Flying School SAAF during 1949. Post warIn the 1950s, the SAAF was given control of 42 Flight and the flight became 42 Squadron SAAF. 42 Squadron received Auster AOP9 and Auster AOP6 aircraft between 1953 and 1957. In May 1962, the Cessna 185 aircraft entered service with 42 Squadron and the Austers were phased out.[1][4][5] In 1974, the Atlas Bosbok was added to the fleet, and later, the Atlas Kudu was added.[1] Border War42 Squadron and their Bosboks were deployed to Angola in the 70s to the 80s during the South African Border War to serve as artillery spotters and target markers using smoke rockets.[17]{{rp|132}} During Operation Protea, at the battle of Xangongo, Captain Danie Laubscher of 42 Squadron was awarded the Honoris Crux decoration for bravery.[6] Battle Group 20's attack on Xangongo was held up by ZU-23-2 AA guns. Two attacks by Dassault Mirage aircraft failed to destroy the site and a third attack by artillery was not successful either.[7] Captain Laubscher's smoke rockets had failed to narrow the Mirages' attack so he decided to attempt a direct hit with smoke rockets to accurately mark the target for the Mirages. He dive bombed the target firing one smoke rocket directly into the gun position but the Mirages were out of ordnance and fuel. The ground attack had resumed by this time without any enemy ZU-23-2 fire.[7] It was later found that his smoke rocket had hit the operator of the gun.[7] DisbandmentThe Cessna 185s remained in service for longer than the Kudus, which were retired in 1991, and the Bosboks, which were retired in 1992.[1] The Squadron relocated to AFB Swartkop in 1992. In 1994, the squadron received a Pilatus PC-6 from the Bophuthatswana Defence Force. The squadron moved to AFB Waterkloof in early 2000 and was disbanded later that year.[1] After the squadron's disbandment in February 2000, all remaining Cessna 185s were transferred to 44 Squadron SAAF.[8] Aircraft{{Gallery| title = Aircraft flown by 42 Squadron Note: Aircraft type photographs may not necessarily represent aircraft of the same mark or actual aircraft belonging to the Squadron. | lines = 2 | width = 160 | height = 120 |File:Auster Mk III ExCC.jpg|Auster 1945-1953 |File:Auster AOP.6 TW539 663 Sqn 1954.jpg|Auster AOP.6 1953-1962 |File:Auster AOP.9 XK417 Farnborough 09.56.jpg|Auster AOP.9 1953-1962 |File:SAAF Cessna 185A Skywagon.JPG|Cessna 185 Skywagon 1962-2000 |File:Aermacchi AM3 Bosbok-002.jpg|AM.3CM Bosbok 1974-1992 |File:Atlas C4M Kudu-001.jpg|Atlas C.4M Kudu 1974-1991 |File:Pilatus PC-6-350 Porter HB-FAM.jpg|Pilatus PC-6 1994-2000 }} References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 [https://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.saairforce.co.za%2Fthe-airforce%2Fsquadrons%2F35%2F42-squadron&date=2014-04-17 42 Squadron], www.saairforce.co.za. Archived from the original on 17 April 2014. Retrieved 2013-10-12. {{SAAF navbox |state=expanded}}{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2017}}2. ^{{cite book|author1=Capt. Donald Fraes|author2=Capt. Donald L. Van Dyke, FRAeS|title=Fortune Favours the Bold|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5CzVaQAApBMC&pg=PA140|date=28 January 2009|publisher=Xlibris Corporation|isbn=978-1-4628-1390-2|pages=140–141}} 3. ^South African Unit Profiles, www.warinangola.com, Retrieved 2013-11-02. 4. ^[https://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.defenceweb.co.za%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26task%3Dview%26id%3D761%26Itemid%3D350&date=2014-04-17 SAAF to break up C160Z Transall wrecks], DefenceWeb.co.za. Archived from the original on 17 April 2014. Retrieved 2013-11-01. 5. ^{{cite book|first1=Herman|last1=Potgieter|first2=Willem|last2=Steenkamp|authorlink2=Willem Steenkamp|title=Aircraft of the South African Air Force|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9iQyAQAAIAAJ|year=1981|publisher=C. Struik|isbn=978-0-86977-133-4|page=151}} 6. ^Louw, Martin & Bouwer, Stefaan (1997). The South African Air Force at War. p. 179 7. ^1 2 3 {{cite book|last=Scholtz|first=Leopold|title=The SADF in the Border War 1966–1989|year=2013|publisher=Tafelberg|location=Cape Town|isbn=978-0-624-05410-8|pages=130–132}} 8. ^44 Squadron, www.saairforce.co.za, Retrieved 2013-11-06. 4 : Squadrons of the South African Air Force|Military units and formations of South Africa in the Border War|Military units and formations established in 1945|Military units and formations disestablished in 2000 |
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