| 词条 | Oden Bowie |
| 释义 |
|honorific-prefix = |name = Oden Bowie |honorific-suffix = |image = Governor oden bowie of maryland.jpg |alt = |order1 = 34th |office1 = Governor of Maryland |term_start1 = January 13, 1869 |term_end1 = January 10, 1872 |lieutenant1 = |predecessor1 = Thomas Swann |successor1 = William Pinkney Whyte |office2 = Maryland State Senator |term_start2 = 1867 |term_end2 = 1869 |office3 = Member of Maryland House of Delegates |term_start3 = 1849 |term_end3 = 1867 |office4 = Chairman, Democratic State Central Committee |term_start4 = 1861 |term_end4 = 1865 |office5 = Delegate, Democratic National Convention |term_start5 = 1864 |term_end5 = 1864 |birth_date = {{birth date|1826|11|10|mf=y}} |birth_place = Collington, Maryland |death_date = {{death date and age|1894|12|4|1826|11|10}} |death_place = Collington, Maryland |restingplace = Family plot at "Fairview," Prince George's County, Maryland |restingplacecoordinates = |birthname = |nationality = American |party = Democrat |otherparty = |spouse = Alice Carter (married December 3, 1851) |children = 7 |occupation = Entrepreneur, politician, race horse owner & breeder |cabinet = |committees = |portfolio = |religion = Episcopalian[1] |blank1 = |data1 = |blank2 = |data2 = |blank3 = |data3 = |blank4 = |data4 = |blank5 = |data5 = |nickname = |allegiance = |branch = United States Army |serviceyears = 1845–1847 |rank = Captain |unit = Regiment of Voltigeurs and Foot Riflemen |commands = |battles = Mexican–American War
|awards = Maryland Legislature resolutions expressing "the thanks of his native State for distinguished gallantry displayed during the three days’ siege of Monterey." |military_blank1 = |military_data1 = |military_blank2 = |military_data2 = |military_blank3 = |military_data3 = |military_blank4 = |military_data4 = |military_blank5 = |military_data5 = }} Oden Bowie (November 10, 1826{{spaced ndash}}December 4, 1894),[2] a member of the United States Democratic Party, was the 34th Governor of the State of Maryland in the United States from 1869 to 1872. ChildhoodHe was born in 1826 at Fairview Plantation in Collington, Maryland, the oldest son of Colonel William Duckett Bowie and Eliza Mary Oden.[2][3][4][5][7] He spent the bulk of his childhood at Fairview where he was educated by a private tutor until his mother died when he was nine years old. After his mother's death, he was sent to the preparatory department of St. John's College in Annapolis, Maryland where he studied for three years. At age twelve, he enrolled in St. Mary's Seminary and University and graduated in July 1845 as valedictorian of his class.[2][6] CareerMilitaryIn 1846 Bowie enlisted in the U.S. Army as a private at the outbreak of the Mexican-American war. He was promoted through the ranks, cited with "conspicuous bravery at Monterey" by Captain Taylor and eventually promoted to the rank of Captain by President James K. Polk, serving in the Voltigeur Regiment.[5][6] At the time he was the youngest Captain in the army.[7] PoliticsIn 1849, he was elected to his first political office, as a member of the Maryland House of Delegates, followed by the Maryland Senate from 1867 to 1869. On November 5, 1867, he became the first Governor of Maryland to be elected under the post-Civil War Maryland Constitution of 1867, and as such, he did not assume the office of Governor until January 13, 1869. Bowie's term of Governor ended on January 10, 1872 ending his career in politics.[6] RailroadingWalter Bowie was a major advocate of expanding the railroad system into southern Maryland, and wrote articles lobbying for this under the pen name "Patuxent Planter". After significant lobbying together with Thomas Fielder Bowie, William Duckett Bowie, and Oden Bowie, the Baltimore and Potomac Railroad Company was organized. Two of the charter members were Walter Bowie and Thomas F Bowie. Directors included William Duckett Bowie and Oden. Oden became the first president of the Baltimore and Potomac Railroad around 1853[8] and also president of the Baltimore City Passenger Railway in 1873.[9]Thoroughbred racingOden Bowie was an avid horseman who served for nineteen years as President of the Pimlico Jockey Club,[10] and as President of the Maryland Jockey Club.[5] At Fairview Plantation he bred Thoroughbred racehorses. Among his successful runners, Crickmore was voted the retrospective American Champion Two-Year-Old Colt of 1880. In 1868, at a dinner party in Saratoga, New York, Bowie and associates agreed to hold a horse race in 1870 for the yearlings owned by attendees at the party. A wager was placed and the winner of the race would host the losers for dinner. Both Saratoga and the American Jockey Club made bids for the event, but Bowie pledged to build a grand racetrack in his home state if the race were to be run in Baltimore. The Dixie Stakes, (also known as the Dinner Party Stakes) and Pimlico Race Course were the results.[11] SlaveryBefore the Civil War, Fairview had many slaves. Charles Branch Clark wrote in 1946 in the Maryland Historical Magazine that seventy of Oden Bowie's slaves enlisted in the Union Army.[12] Family and private lifeBowie spent most of his life at Fairview Plantation. He married Alice Carter on December 3, 1851. She was the daughter of Charles H. Carter and Rosalie Eugenia Calvert Carter of Goodwood, Prince George's County. Alice's mother was a descendant of George Calvert, 1st Baron Baltimore the first colonial proprietor of the Province of Maryland.[1] DeathBowie died after a brief illness[10] on December 4, 1894 and was buried at Fairview.[4][13] Legacy
References1. ^1 {{cite book |last=Spencer |first=Richard Henry |title=Genealogical and Memorial Encyclopedia of the State of Maryland: A Record of the Achievements of Her People in the Making of a Commonwealth and the Founding of a Nation |publisher=American Historical Society |year=1919 |location=New York |pages=397–398|url=https://books.google.com/?id=aVMDAAAAYAAJ&dq=Governor+%22Oden+Bowie%22&pg=PA333 |isbn=0-8328-5943-5}} 2. ^1 2 {{cite book |last=Hall |first=Clayton Colman |title=Baltimore: Its History and Its People, vol.3 |publisher=Lewis Historical Publishing Co |year=1912 |pages=304–306 |url=https://books.google.com/?id=DMcLAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA304&vq=%22oden+bowie%22&dq=thomas+fielder+bowie#PPA304,M1 |isbn=}} 3. ^{{cite web |title = The Prince George's Hall of Fame |publisher = Prince George's County Historical Society |year = 2003 |url = http://www.pghistory.org/HallofFame |accessdate = September 16, 2007 |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070924204547/http://www.pghistory.org/HallofFame |archivedate = September 24, 2007 |df = mdy-all}} 4. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.pghistory.org/PG/PG300/obowie.html|title=Prince George's County: Over 300 years of History – Oden Bowie|publisher=Prince George's County Historical Society|year=1996|accessdate=October 2, 2007}} 5. ^1 2 {{cite book |last=Wilson |first=William Bender |title=History of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company: With Plan of Organization |publisher=Henry T. Coates & Company |year=1895 |page=279}} 6. ^1 2 {{cite web |url = http://www.nga.org/portal/site/nga/menuitem.29fab9fb4add37305ddcbeeb501010a0/?vgnextoid=193e224971c81010VgnVCM1000001a01010aRCRD&vgnextchannel=e449a0ca9e3f1010VgnVCM1000001a01010aRCRD |title = Governor's Information: Maryland Governor Oden Bowie |publisher = National Governors Association |accessdate = October 2, 2007 |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20090207180536/http://www.nga.org/portal/site/nga/menuitem.29fab9fb4add37305ddcbeeb501010a0/?vgnextoid=193e224971c81010VgnVCM1000001a01010aRCRD&vgnextchannel=e449a0ca9e3f1010VgnVCM1000001a01010aRCRD |archivedate = February 7, 2009 |df = mdy-all}} 7. ^1 {{cite book|last=Wilson|first=William Bender|title=History of the Pennsylvania Railroad, Volume II|year=1899|publisher=Henry T. Coates & Company|location=Philadelphia|pages=279|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UyLtx_KPDAkC&dq=William%20Duckett%20Bowie&pg=PA269}} 8. ^{{cite book |last=Wilson |first=William Bender |title=History of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company: With Plan of Organization |publisher=Henry T. Coates & Company |year=1895 |pages=333–334}} 9. ^{{cite book|last=Hollander |first=Jacob Harry |title=The Financial History of Baltimore |publisher=AMS Press |date=11982 |isbn=978-0-404-61368-6 |page=280}} 10. ^1 {{Cite news |title=Oden Bowie Stricken with Paralysis|newspaper=New York Times |pages=1 |date=November 28, 1894 |url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9E01E5DD1E31E033A2575BC2A9679D94659ED7CF }} 11. ^{{cite web |url = http://www.preakness.com/History/ |title = HISTORY OF PIMLICO RACE COURSE |publisher = Pimlico Race Course |format = pdf |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20060822172149/http://www.preakness.com/History/ |archivedate = August 22, 2006 |df = mdy-all}} 12. ^{{cite web|title=Prince George's County: Over 300 years of History: CIVIL WAR|publisher=Prince George's County Historical Society|url=http://www.pghistory.org/PG/PG300/civilwar.html|accessdate=May 3, 2007}} 13. ^{{Cite news |title=Obituary: Ex-Gov. Oden Bowie; The Famous Railroader and Owner of the Famous Crickmore|newspaper=New York Times |pages=5 |date=December 5, 1894 |url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9D03E3DD1231E033A25756C0A9649D94659ED7CF }} 14. ^{{cite web |url = http://www.cityofbowie.org/business/revitalization.asp |title = Revitalization of Old Town Bowie |publisher = City of Bowie, Maryland |accessdate = October 2, 2007 |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070720142757/http://www.cityofbowie.org/business/revitalization.asp |archivedate = July 20, 2007 |df = mdy-all}} 15. ^{{cite web |url = http://www.odentonheritage.org/history.html |title = History of Odenton |publisher = Odenton Heritage Society |accessdate = October 2, 2007 |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080705220227/http://www.odentonheritage.org/history.html |archivedate = July 5, 2008 |df = mdy-all}} 16. ^{{cite web|last1=Kelly|first1=Kimbriell|title=Broken by the bubble In the Fairwood subdivision, dreams of black wealth were dashed by the housing crisis|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/sf/investigative/2015/01/25/in-fairwood-dreams-of-black-wealth-foundered-amid-the-mortgage-meltdown/|work=Washington Post|date=January 25, 2015|accessdate=February 8, 2017}} Further reading{{refbegin}}
12 : Bowie family|Governors of Maryland|Maryland state senators|People from Bowie, Maryland|St. John's College (Annapolis/Santa Fe) alumni|American racehorse owners and breeders|1826 births|1894 deaths|Maryland Democrats|Members of the Maryland House of Delegates|American military personnel of the Mexican–American War|Democratic Party state governors of the United States |
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