| 词条 | 73rd Division (United Kingdom) |
| 释义 |
|unit_name= 73rd Division |image= |caption= |dates= November 1916 – April 1918 |country={{flagcountry|UKGBI}} |allegiance= |branch={{army|United Kingdom|23px}} |type=Infantry |role= Home Defence and training |size= |command_structure= |current_commander= |garrison= |ceremonial_chief= |colonel_of_the_regiment= |nickname= |patron= |motto= |colors= |march= |mascot= |battles= |notable_commanders=Major-General Hon. C.E. Bingham Major-General H.G. Ruggles-Brise |anniversaries= }} 9th Provisional Brigade (United Kingdom) redirects here 73rd Division was a short-lived infantry division of the British Army during World War I. It served in Home Forces and never went overseas. Home ServiceOn the outbreak of World War I the Territorial Force (TF) immediately mobilised for home defence, but shortly afterwards (31 August 1914), its units were authorised to raise 2nd battalions formed from those men who had not volunteered for, or were not fit for, overseas service, together with new volunteers, while the 1st Line went overseas to supplement the Regulars.[1] Early in 1915 the 2nd Line TF battalions were also raised to full strength to form new divisions, and began to form Reserve (3rd Line) units to supply drafts.[2] The remaining Home Service men were separated out in May 1915 to form brigades of Coast Defence Battalions (termed Provisional Battalions from June 1915).[3] 9th Provisional Brigade9th Provisional Brigade was formed in East Kent mainly from details of local units and infantry from Lancashire. It had the following composition:[4][3]
A number of men on the strength of these units were absent on civil employment such as munitions work.[13] In the autumn of 1915 the brigade was under the command of 57th (2nd West Lancashire) Division in Second Army of Central Force.[5][6] By July 1916 the brigade was under the control of Southern Army of Home Forces, with its battalions billeted as follows:[14]
73rd Division formedLate in 1916 the War Office decided to form three new home-service divisions; 73rd was the last of these, assembling at Blackpool in November. The division was based on 9th Provisional Bde, which moved from Margate and provided four infantry battalions and many of the support units. (On 1 January 1917 these all received new designations and numbers.) In addition, 189th (2/1st Yorkshire and Durham) Brigade, left over after the earlier disbandment of 63rd (2nd Northumbrian) Division, provided other components. Personnel to help form the other five artillery batteries were transferred from other home service divisions. The rest of the division was composed of new units.[15] After assembling in Lancashire, 73rd Division moved in early January 1917 to join Southern Army of Home Forces, stationed in Essex and Hertfordshire, with the following composition:[15][16][17] Divisions Headquarter in Chelmsford. 218th Brigade{{main article|218th Brigade (United Kingdom)}}218 Brigade was drawn from 9th Provisional Bde:
The units of 218 Bde were stationed at Witham, Terling and Kelvedon.[15] 219th Brigade{{main article|219th Brigade (United Kingdom)}}219 Brigade was newly formed:
The units of 219 Bde were stationed at Danbury and Maldon, later moving to Southend.[15] 220th Brigade{{main article|220th Brigade (United Kingdom)}}220 Brigade was formed from 189th (2/1st Yorkshire and Durham) Bde:[15]
The units of 220 Bde were stationed at Chelmsford, Widford and Arbour Lane.[15] Divisional mounted troops
The mounted troops were stationed at Wickford and Southminster.[15] Royal Artillery
Royal Engineers
The field companies were stationed at Witham and Chelmsford, and the signal company at Hitchin.[15] Medical services
Transport
TrainingThe Military Service Act 1916 swept away the Home/Foreign service distinction, and all TF soldiers became liable for overseas service, if medically fit. Henceforth part of the role of the Home Service divisions was physical conditioning to render men fit for drafting overseas, alongside units of the Training Reserve. 'Graduated Battalions' of the Training Reserve were organised in four companies according to age, from 18 to 19 years. Recruits progressed from one to another company after three months, so that every three months there was a company of trained 19-year-old men available for drafting overseas. In July 1917 it was decided that the Graduated Battalions could serve in a Home Defence role while completing their training.[33] Between July and September 1917, four Graduated Battalions joined 73rd Division, and in October these were affiliated to line regiments and adopted territorial designations.[15] DisbandmentTowards the end of 1917 the War Office decided to break up the three home service divisions, and on 22 December 1917 the Commander-in-Chief, Home Forces, was ordered to break up the division as soon as possible. Three battalions left in January, the artillery was broken up in February, and the division ceased to exist on 8 April 1918. Only the divisional engineers remained, and on 22 June 1918 the HQ and field companies went to France for active service on the Western Front.[15] The 73rd Division title has never been reactivated. General Officer Commanding
General Staff OfficerLieutenant-Colonel E.B.C. Boddam (1 November 1916–12 January 1917) Lieutenant-Colonel C.M. Davies (16 January–31 December 1917) Assistant-Adjutant and Quartermaster-GeneralColonel C.L. Macnab (1 November 1916–17 April 1917) Lt-Col F.C. Dundas (24 April 1917–1 March 1918) See also{{portal|British Army|World War I}}
References1. ^Becke, Pt 2b, p. 6. 2. ^Becke, Pt 2b, pp. 6, 65. 3. ^1 2 3 {{Cite web |url=http://1914-1918.invisionzone.com/forums/index.php?showtopic=175475 |title=Porter |access-date=29 May 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160216152033/http://1914-1918.invisionzone.com/forums/index.php?showtopic=175475 |archive-date=16 February 2016 |dead-url=yes |df=dmy-all }} 4. ^1 9th Provisional Brigade War Diary, The National Archives, Kew file WO 95/5458. 5. ^1 9th Provisional Yeomanry Squadron War Diary, TNA file WO 95/5458. 6. ^1 9th Provisional Cyclist Company War Diary, TNA file WO 95/5458. 7. ^9th Provisional Battery War Diary, TNA file WO 95/5458. 8. ^Becke, Appendix 3. 9. ^42nd Provisional Battalion War Diary, TNA file WO 95/5458. 10. ^44th Provisional Battalion War Diary, TNA file WO 95/5458. 11. ^1 http://www.1914-1918.net/mancs.htm 12. ^9th Provisional Field Ambulance War Diary, TNA file WO 95/5458. 13. ^42nd and 44th Provisional Battalion War Diaries, TNA file WO 95/5458. 14. ^Distribution of Northern and Southern Armies (Home Defence), The National Archives file WO 33/765. 15. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 Becke, Pt 2b, pp. 111–6 16. ^http://www.warpath.orbat.com/divs/73_div.htm 17. ^http://www.1914-1918.net/73div.html 18. ^http://www.1914-1918.net/kingsown.htm 19. ^1 http://www.1914-1918.net/loyals.htm 20. ^http://www.1914-1918.net/kings.htm 21. ^1 2 Becke, pp. 91–8. 22. ^http://www.1914-1918.net/leicesters.htm 23. ^http://www.1914-1918.net/dorsets.htm 24. ^http://www.1914-1918.net/koyli.htm 25. ^1 2 http://www.1914-1918.net/yorks.htm 26. ^http://www.1914-1918.net/dli.htm 27. ^Becke pp. 83–90. 28. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.1914-1918.net/warwicks.htm |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2015-06-26 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100917071106/http://1914-1918.net/warwicks.htm |archivedate=17 September 2010 }} 29. ^http://www.1914-1918.net/essex.htm 30. ^http://www.1914-1918.net/devons.htm 31. ^1 2 http://www.1914-1918.net/re.htm 32. ^http://www.1914-1918.net/asc.htm 33. ^Becke, Pt 2b, Appendix 2. Bibliography
External links
3 : Infantry divisions of the British Army in World War I|Military units and formations established in 1916|Military units and formations disestablished in 1918 |
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