| 词条 | Abdullah Fadil |
| 释义 |
|name=Abdalla Mohamed Fadil |native_name=Cabdallah Maxamed Fadhil عبد الله محمد فاضل |birth_date= |death_date= January 1991 |birth_place= |death_place= |placeofburial= |placeofburial_label= |image= |image_size= |caption= |nickname= |allegiance=Somalia |branch=Somali National Army |serviceyears=1950s-1990s |rank=Major General |commands= |battles=Ogaden War |awards= |alma_mater= |laterwork= }} Abdullah Mohamed Fadil ({{lang-so|Cabdallah Maxamed Fadhil}}, {{lang-ar|عبد الله محمد فاضل}}; died January 1991), also known as Abdalla Mohamed Fadil,[1] was a prominent Somali military figure. BiographyFadil was the son of a Yemeni musketeer from Taiz governorate with the Sultanate of Hobyo and a Majeerteen mother of the Nuh Jabrail family. Both parents served under Sultan Ali Yusuf Kenadid, heir to Sultan Yusuf Ali Kenadid.[2] Fadil was the first Joint Chiefs of Staff and Commander of the Somali Armed Forces (SAF), and was a senior member of the Supreme Revolutionary Council (SRC). A Major General in the military,[3] he would also hold number of portfolios as a Minister, including as the Minister ofIndustry and Commerce, Minister of Health, Minister of Ports and Marine Transport, during the Siad Barre administration.[4] In the 1970s Abdullah Mohamed Fadil and Muhammad Ali Samatar advised President Barre to select top Frunze graduates to lead the campaign in Oganden against Ethiopia to liberate Somali territories and restore the greater Somalia. This was part of a broader effort to unite all of the Somali-inhabited territories in the Horn region into a Greater Somalia (Soomaaliweyn).[5] Ogaden WarGeneral Fadil and General Samantar selected the top military scholars from Frunze known as "Frunzites" preferring the Frunzites over the Italian trained Modena graduates . Fadil and Samnatar trusted their college mates, the top graduates of Frunze Military Academy in Moscow (Военнаяакадемия им М. В. Фрунзе), an elite Soviet institution reserved for the most qualified officers of the Warsaw Pact armies and their allies to lead the Ogaden Campaign. Fadil and Samantar selected the following:[6] Col. Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed commanded SNA in Negellie Front. Col. Abdullahi Ahmed Irro commanded SNA in the Godey Front. Col. Ali Hussein commanded SNA in Qabri Dahare Front. Col. Farah Handulle commanded SNA in the Warder Front. General Yussuf Salhan Jigjiga Front General Mohamed Nur Galaal assisted by Col. Mohamud Sh. Abdullahi Geelqaad commanded Dirir-Dewa. The SNA retreated from Dirir-Dewa. ( Galaal became Minister of Public Works and Leading member of the ruling Somali Revolutionary Socialist Party) Col. Ali Isamil and Col. Abdulrahman Aare Degeh-Bur Front. Assassination in January 1991Top Somali officials, Fadil, Samantar, among others were targeted for clan reasons as documented by Sica and Kapteijns. Following the outbreak of the civil war in 1991 and the collapse of the Barre regime, Mario Sica, then Italian ambassador to Mogadishu, documented that although the United Somali Congress (USC) professed that it was fighting against the Barre regime as a whole and not engaged in a clan-based struggle, public officials who belonged to the same clan as the USC's core constituents were not targeted. Instead, they were embraced as heroes while people like Fadil were targeted and assassinated.[7] Fadil is allegedly killed by a USC volunteer and the owner of midnight restaurant in Mogadishu solely for clan reasons.[2][7] See also
References1. ^{{cite book|last=United Nations Development Programme. Office of the Resident Representative (Somalia)|title=Somalia Annual Development Report|year=1986|publisher=The Programme|pages=51|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=99s0AQAAIAAJ}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Fadil, Abdullah Mohamed}}2. ^1 {{cite book|last=Ahmed III|first=Abdul|title=History of Somali Military Personnel|publisher=The Horn of Africa Policy Institute}} 3. ^{{cite book|title=The Weekly Review|year=1993|publisher=Stellascope Limited|pages=35|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GbJIAAAAYAAJ}} 4. ^{{cite book|last=Copley|first=Gregory R.|title=Defense & Foreign Affairs Handbook|publisher=Perth Corporation|location=1989|pages=840|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6i1EAQAAIAAJ|year=1987}} 5. ^{{cite journal|last=Lewis|first=I.M.|author2=The Royal African Society|title=The Ogaden and the Fragility of Somali Segmentary Nationalism|journal=African Affairs|date=October 1989|volume=88|issue=353|pages=573–579|jstor=723037|doi=10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a098217}} 6. ^{{cite web|last=Ahmed III |first=Abdul |title=Brothers in Arms Part II |url=http://wardheernews.com/Articles_2011/Nov/Brothers_%20Part_II_Abdul.pdf |publisher=WardheerNews |accessdate=13 March 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120504000547/http://wardheernews.com/Articles_2011/Nov/Brothers_%20Part_II_Abdul.pdf |archivedate=4 May 2012 }} 7. ^1 {{cite book|last=Kapteijns|first=Lidwien|title=Clan Cleansing in Somalia: The Ruinous Legacy of 1991|year=2012|publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press|isbn=978-0812244670|page=133|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PBvfTmzsZ-0C}} 4 : Ethnic Somali people|Somalian generals|Year of birth missing|1991 deaths |
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