| 词条 | Abraham Hayyim Adadi |
| 释义 |
| honorific-prefix = Hakham | name = Abraham Hayyim Adadi | honorific-suffix = | title = | image = File:Adadi1.jpg | caption = Title page of HaShomer Emet by Hakham Abraham Hayyim Adadi | synagogue = | synagogueposition = | yeshiva = | yeshivaposition = | organisation = Jewish community of Tripoli | organisationposition = Dayan, Av Beit Din | began = 1838 | ended = 1870 | predecessor = | successor = | rabbi = | rebbe = | kohan = | hazzan = | rank = | other_post = | birth_name = Abraham Hayyim Adadi | birth_date = 1801 | birth_place = Tripoli, Libya | death_date = June 13, {{death year and age|1874|1801}} | buried = Safed, Palestine | yahrtzeit = 28 Sivan 5634[1] | nationality = | denomination = | residence = | dynasty = | parents = Mas'ud Hai Adadi | spouse = | children = Saul Adadi | occupation = | profession = | alma_mater = | semicha = | signature = }} Abraham Hayyim Adadi ({{lang-he|אברהם חיים אדאדי}}, 1801 – June 13, 1874)[1] was a Sephardi Hakham, dayan (rabbinical court judge), av beit din (head of the rabbinical court), and senior rabbi of the 19th-century Jewish community of Tripoli, Libya. In his younger years, he lived in Safed, Palestine, and traveled to Jewish communities in the Middle East and North Africa as a shadar (rabbinical emissary) to raise funds for the Safed community. He returned to Safed a few years before his death and was buried there. He published several halakhic works and also recorded the local minhagim (customs) of Tripoli and Safed, providing a valuable resource for scholars and historians.{{sfn|Hirschberg|1981|p=179}} BiographyAbraham Hayyim Adadi was born in Tripoli to Mas'ud Hai Adadi, the son of Hakham Nathan Adadi.{{sfn|Skolnik|Berenbaum|2007|p=370}} Nathan Adadi was originally from Palestine;{{sfn|Hirschberg|1981|p=179}} he came to Tripoli as a shadar (rabbinical emissary) and stayed to learn under Hakham Mas'ud Hai Rakkah, one of the leading rabbis of Libyan Jewry in the 18th century.{{sfn|Hirschberg|1981|p=179}}{{sfn|Hallamish|2001|p=78}} He married his teacher's daughter{{sfn|Nissim|1964|p=5}} and had one son, Mas'ud Hai Adadi. Abraham Hayyim was orphaned of both his parents at a young age and was raised by his grandfather.[1]{{sfn|Skolnik|Berenbaum|2007|p=370}}[4] In 1818 Adadi accompanied his grandfather to Palestine, where they settled in Safed.[1] His grandfather died that same year.[1] The 18-year-old Abraham Hayyim enrolled in the yeshiva of Rabbi Yosef Karo, received rabbinic ordination, and studied to become a dayan (rabbinical court judge).[1] In 1830 he was appointed as a shadar to raise funds on behalf of the Safed Jewish community. He traveled to Jewish communities in Syria, Iraq, Persia, Egypt, Tunisia, Morocco, and Livorno, Italy.[1][2] He was in Livorno at the time of the devastating Safed earthquake of 1837, and decided to return to his native Tripoli.[2] He served the Tripoli Jewish community as a rav, dayan, av beit din, and rosh yeshiva over the next 30 years.[1][2][3] He was regarded as the senior rabbi in Tripoli.{{sfn|Hirschberg|1981|p=179}}[2] Adadi paid special attention to the education of children of Torah scholars and children of the poor. Together with other rabbis, he signed a takkanah calling for each member of the community to contribute 3/1,000th of their income toward youth education.{{sfn|Berlin|2011|p=16}} He also appointed a special overseer for the needs of the poor, and levied a 5 percent tax on local merchants to pay for teachers for poor children.[1][2] In 1862 Adadi published the second volume of his great-grandfather Mas'ud Hai Rakkaḥ's halakhic work, Ma'aseh Rokeaḥ.[4] His cousin and contemporary, Hakham Jacob Rakkah, a great-great-grandson of Mas'ud Hai Rakkaḥ, published the third volume of Ma'aseh Rokeaḥ in 1863.[4] In 1870, at the age of 70, Adadi returned to Safed with his wife, while his son, Saul, remained in Tripoli.[2] Adadi died in Safed on Shabbat, June 13, 1874 (28 Sivan 5634), and was buried in the rabbinical section of the Safed cemetery.[1] WorksAdadi was recognized as an expert in Talmud study, displaying an understanding of both the text and the historical differences between the writings of the Tannaim and Amoraim.{{sfn|Berlin|2011|p=16}} He also recorded the history and minhagim (customs) of the Jewish communities of Tripoli and Safed in his books, providing a valuable resource for scholars and historians.[1]{{sfn|Skolnik|Berenbaum|2007|p=370}}[5][6]{{sfn|Goldberg|1993|p=17}} In his first work, HaShomer Emet (1849), he included a poem that he had written in praise of the city of Safed.{{sfn|Skolnik|Berenbaum|2007|p=370}}[7] His main works are:
His handwritten manuscripts containing Talmudic novellae and drashot (sermons) are preserved at the Yad Ben Zvi institute in Jerusalem.{{sfn|Skolnik|Berenbaum|2007|p=370}} Rakkah-Adadi family tree{{family tree/start}}{{family tree| | | A | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | A=Aharon Rakkah}}{{family tree| | | |!| | | | | | | }}{{family tree| | | M | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | M=Mas'ud Hai Rakkah}}{{family tree| |,|-|^|-|7| | | | | }}{{family tree| I | | N | | | | | | | | | | | I=Yitzhak Rakkah|N=Nathan Adadi}}{{family tree| |!| | | |!| }}{{family tree| B | | M | | | | | | | | | B=Baruh Rakkah |M=Mas'ud Hai Adadi}}{{family tree| |!| | | | |!| }}{{family tree| ש | | | | א | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ש= Shilomo Rakkah|א= Abraham Hayyim Adadi}}{{family tree| |)|-|-|.| | | |!| }}{{family tree| י | | צ | | ש | | | | | | | | | | | | | | י= Jacob Rakkah|צ= Zion Rakkah|ש= Saul Adadi}}{{family tree| |!| | | |!| | | | | }}{{family tree| א | | מ | | | | | | | | | א= Abraham Rakkah|מ= Meir Rakkah}}{{family tree/end}}ReferencesNotes1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 {{cite web |url=http://www.hyomi.org.il/view.asp?id=173|title=חכם אברהם חיים אדאדי|language=Hebrew|trans-title=Hakham Abraham Hayyim Adadi|publisher=HeHakham HaYomi|accessdate=26 January 2015}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite web |url= http://www.or-shalom.org.il/article.asp?article_main_id=1&article_sub_topic_id=354&article_id=383&article_topic_id=60&article_topic_name=%EE%F0%E4%E9%E2%E9%20%E4%F7%E4%E9%EC%E4%20%E5%F8%E1%F0%E9%E4&article_sub_topic_name=%F8%E1%F0%E9|title= ר' אברהם חיים אדאדי זצוק"ל |trans-title=Rabbi Abraham Hayyim Adadi|publisher=Or-Shalom|date=26 January 2004|accessdate=28 January 2015}} 3. ^{{cite journal|url=http://www.livluv.org.il/_Uploads/dbsAttachedFiles/6.pdf |title=משפחת רבה: קורות המשפחה בלוב |trans-title=A Great Family: Chronicles of the family in Libya |page=6 |first1=David |last1=Ghian |first2=Yosef |last2=Ghian |journal=לבלוב 6 |date=August 2009 |publisher=World Organization of Libyan Jews |language=Hebrew |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140905140800/http://livluv.org.il/_Uploads/dbsAttachedFiles/6.pdf |archivedate=2014-09-05 }} 4. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.hebrewbooks.org/rambam.aspx?rid=1&bid=232&hilite=|title=Ma'aseh Rokeaḥ|language=Hebrew|publisher=hebrewbooks.org|year=2012|accessdate=25 January 2015}} 5. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.academia.edu/378988/Womens_Funeral_Practices|title=Women, Funerals, and Cemeteries|first=Zev|last=Farber|publisher=academia.edu|accessdate=26 January 2015}} 6. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.daat.ac.il/daat/toshba/minhagim/luv3.htm|title=ממנהגי יהדות לוב|trans-title=Customs of Libyan Jewry|first=Freija |last=Zoartz|date=1967|publisher=Hertzog College|accessdate=26 January 2015|language=Hebrew}} 7. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.liveauctioneers.com/item/21972962_hashomer-emet-leghorn-1849-first-edition|title=HaShomer Emet. Leghorn, [1849]. First Edition|publisher=Live Auctioneers|year=2015|accessdate=26 January 2015}} 8. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books/about/%D7%A9%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%AA%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%91%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%90_%D7%90.html?id=1BU_NQEACAAJ&redir_esc=y|title= שאלות ותשובות ויקרא אברהם|trans-title=Vayikra Avraham Responsa|year=1983}} Sources
External links
7 : 19th-century Sephardi Jews|Libyan rabbis|Rabbis in Safed|People from Tripoli|People from Safed|1801 births|1874 deaths |
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