| 词条 | Okotoks |
| 释义 |
| name = Okotoks | official_name = Town of Okotoks | other_name = | native_name = | nickname = | settlement_type = Town | motto = Historic Past, Sustainable Future | image_skyline = Okotoks2009.JPG | image_caption = A view of Okotoks; overlooking downtown and facing south. | image_flag = | image_seal = | image_shield = | image_blank_emblem = Okotoks AB logo.jpg | blank_emblem_size = 150px | image_map = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = Canada Alberta#Canada | pushpin_label_position = | pushpin_map_caption = Location if Oktoks | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = Canada | subdivision_type1 = Province | subdivision_name1 = Alberta | subdivision_type2 = Region | subdivision_name2 = Calgary Region | subdivision_type3 = Census division | subdivision_name3 = 6 | subdivision_type4 = Municipal district | subdivision_name4 = M.D. of Foothills No. 31 | government_footnotes = [1] | government_type = | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = Bill Robertson | leader_title1 = Governing body | leader_name1 = {{Collapsible list|title=Okotoks Town Council |1=Carrie Fischer |2=Ken Heemeryck |3=Matt Rockley |4=Ed Sands |5=Tanya Thorn |6=Ray Watrin}} | leader_title2 = CAO | leader_name2 = Elaine Vincent | leader_title3 = MP | leader_name3 = John Barlow | leader_title4 = MLA | leader_name4 = Wayne Anderson | established_title = Founded | established_date = | established_title1 = Incorporated[2] | established_date1 = | established_title2 = • Village | established_date2 = October 25, 1899 | established_title3 = • Town | established_date3 = June 1, 1904 | area_magnitude = | unit_pref = |area_footnotes = (2016)[3] |area_total_km2 = |area_land_km2 = 19.63 |area_water_km2 = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |population_as_of = 2016 |population_footnotes = [3] |population_note = |population_total = 28881 |population_density_km2 = 1471 |population_density_sq_mi = |population_metro = |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_density_metro_sq_mi = |population_urban = |population_density_urban_km2 = |population_density_urban_sq_mi = | population_blank1_title = Municipal census (2015) | population_blank1 = 28016[5] |coordinates = {{coord|50|43.5|N|113|58.5|W|region:CA-AB|display=inline,title}} | timezone = MST | utc_offset = −7 | timezone_DST = MDT | utc_offset_DST = −6 | elevation_footnotes = [3] | elevation_m = 1051 |postal_code_type = Forward sortation area |postal_code = T1S | area_code = -1+403, -1+587 | blank_name = Highways | blank_info = Highway 2A Highway 7 Highway 549 | blank1_name = Waterway | blank1_info = Sheep River | website = {{official website|www.okotoks.ca}} | footnotes = }} Okotoks ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|oʊ|k|ə|t|oʊ|k|s}}, originally {{IPAc-en|ˈ|ɒ|k|ə|t|ɒ|k|s}}) is a town in the Province of Alberta, Canada. It is situated on the Sheep River, approximately {{convert|18|km|mi|abbr=on}} south of the City of Calgary. The town is a member of the Calgary Regional Partnership, a cooperative of municipalities within the Calgary Region. Okotoks has emerged as a bedroom community of Calgary.[4] According to the 2016 Census, the town has a population of 28,881,[8] making it the largest town in Alberta. HistoryThe town's name is derived from "ohkotok", the Blackfoot First Nation word for "rock". The name may refer to Big Rock, the largest glacial erratic in the Foothills Erratics Train, situated about {{convert|7|km|mi|abbr=on}} west of the town.[5] Before European settlement, journeying First Nations used the rock as a marker to find the river crossing situated at Okotoks. The tribes were nomadic and often followed large buffalo herds for their sustenance. David Thompson explored the area as early as 1800. Soon trading posts sprang up, including one established in 1874 at the Sheep River crossing on the current Okotoks townsite. This crossing was on a trade route called the Macleod Trail, which led from Fort Benton, Montana to Calgary. In 1879, the area saw the killing of the last buffalo. Government leasing of land for one cent per acre ($2.47/km²) began in 1880. This created a major change in the region. The first settlers arrived in 1882.[6] A community grew up around a sawmill that was established in 1891, and it would grow in size. The last stagecoach stopped in Okotoks in 1891 when rail service between Calgary and Fort Macleod replaced horse-drawn travel. By 1897 the community name had changed three times: from Sheep Creek to Dewdney to Okotoks, assigned by the Canadian Pacific Railway. The rail line is still a main line south to the U.S. border, but the last of the passenger service (Dayliner unit) ended in 1971.[7] In 2007, the energy efficient Drake Landing Solar Community was established in Okotoks.[8] FloodingOkotoks has experienced three major flooding events, in 1995, 2005 and 2013.[9][10][11] The 2005 event, which affected much of southern Alberta, flooded virtually all lands adjacent to the Sheep River, including the central business district, were at least briefly flooded, with the most serious damage being inflicted to riverside pathways, parks and campgrounds.[10] Okotoks was also affected by the 2013 Alberta floods.[11] Heritage conservationNumerous old buildings have been restored, and one house was even resituated[12] blocks away to avoid destruction by the widening of the highway through the townsite. GeographyLand annexationEffective July 1, 2017 the Government of Alberta approved the annexation of approximately 1,950 hectares (4,900 acres) of land. Okotoks and the Municipal District of Foothills reached an agreement more than three years after the town first issued its notice of intent to seek more land to accommodate its long-term growth plans. Okotoks will gain a 60-year land supply that will enable the Town to develop housing and other services over the next several decades.[13] Water conservationAlthough the Sheep River runs through Okotoks year round, artesian wells near the river supply the town with its water. In September 1998, Okotoks became one of the first communities in Canada to recognize its environmental limits to growth were restricted by the carrying capacity of the local watershed. In concern for the supply of water, the town announced a unique and controversial suggestion of capping its population at 25,000 residents.[14] In an interview on The Current, Mayor Bill McAlpine stated that this objective may be politically difficult due to the surrounding region.[15] Climate{{Weather box |location = Okotoks (1981−2010) |metric first = Y |single line = Y |Jan record high C = 14.5 |Feb record high C = 23.0 |Mar record high C = 25.0 |Apr record high C = 25.5 |May record high C = 31.5 |Jun record high C = 32.5 |Jul record high C = 34.5 |Aug record high C = 34.0 |Sep record high C = 33.5 |Oct record high C = 27.5 |Nov record high C = 23.0 |Dec record high C = 18.0 |year record high C = 34.5 |Jan high C = -2.3 |Feb high C = 1.0 |Mar high C = 4.9 |Apr high C = 11.7 |May high C = 16.8 |Jun high C = 20.2 |Jul high C = 24.3 |Aug high C = 23.7 |Sep high C = 18.9 |Oct high C = 11.5 |Nov high C = 3.4 |Dec high C = -0.5 |year high C = 11.1 |Jan mean C = -8.1 |Feb mean C = -5.0 |Mar mean C = -1.4 |Apr mean C = 5.0 |May mean C = 9.8 |Jun mean C = 13.7 |Jul mean C = 17.0 |Aug mean C = 16.2 |Sep mean C = 11.5 |Oct mean C = 5.0 |Nov mean C = -2.3 |Dec mean C = -6.3 |year mean C = 4.6 |Jan low C = -13.8 |Feb low C = -10.9 |Mar low C = -7.7 |Apr low C = -1.7 |May low C = 2.8 |Jun low C = 7.1 |Jul low C = 9.6 |Aug low C = 8.6 |Sep low C = 4.1 |Oct low C = -1.6 |Nov low C = -8.0 |Dec low C = -12.0 |year low C = -2.0 |Jan record low C = -39.0 |Feb record low C = -36.0 |Mar record low C = -32.0 |Apr record low C = -20.5 |May record low C = -8.0 |Jun record low C = -1.5 |Jul record low C = 2.0 |Aug record low C = -3.0 |Sep record low C = -9.0 |Oct record low C = -26.0 |Nov record low C = -32.5 |Dec record low C = -39.0 |year record low C = -39.0 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 14.8 |Feb precipitation mm = 17.3 |Mar precipitation mm = 28.6 |Apr precipitation mm = 37.9 |May precipitation mm = 70.4 |Jun precipitation mm = 123.6 |Jul precipitation mm = 54.4 |Aug precipitation mm = 61.7 |Sep precipitation mm = 45.8 |Oct precipitation mm = 25.3 |Nov precipitation mm = 21.9 |Dec precipitation mm = 12.9 |year precipitation mm = 514.5 |rain colour = green |Jan rain mm = 0.3 |Feb rain mm = 0.1 |Mar rain mm = 1.6 |Apr rain mm = 16.0 |May rain mm = 59.1 |Jun rain mm = 123.6 |Jul rain mm = 54.4 |Aug rain mm = 61.3 |Sep rain mm = 43.4 |Oct rain mm = 10.1 |Nov rain mm = 2.3 |Dec rain mm = 0.4 |year rain mm = 372.6 |snow colour = green |Jan snow cm = 14.5 |Feb snow cm = 17.2 |Mar snow cm = 26.9 |Apr snow cm = 21.9 |May snow cm = 11.3 |Jun snow cm = 0.0 |Jul snow cm = 0.0 |Aug snow cm = 0.4 |Sep snow cm = 2.5 |Oct snow cm = 15.2 |Nov snow cm = 19.6 |Dec snow cm = 12.4 |year snow cm = 141.9 |unit precipitation days = 0.2 mm |Jan precipitation days = 6.7 |Feb precipitation days = 6.5 |Mar precipitation days = 9.2 |Apr precipitation days = 9.8 |May precipitation days = 12.9 |Jun precipitation days = 14.5 |Jul precipitation days = 10.9 |Aug precipitation days = 10.9 |Sep precipitation days = 9.0 |Oct precipitation days = 7.8 |Nov precipitation days = 6.7 |Dec precipitation days = 5.8 |year precipitation days = 110.7 |unit rain days = 0.2 mm |Jan rain days = 0.2 |Feb rain days = 0.3 |Mar rain days = 1.3 |Apr rain days = 5.7 |May rain days = 11.8 |Jun rain days = 14.5 |Jul rain days = 10.9 |Aug rain days = 10.9 |Sep rain days = 8.6 |Oct rain days = 4.4 |Nov rain days = 1.3 |Dec rain days = 0.5 |year rain days = 70.4 |unit snow days = 0.2 cm |Jan snow days = 6.5 |Feb snow days = 6.5 |Mar snow days = 8.7 |Apr snow days = 6.1 |May snow days = 2.8 |Jun snow days = 0.0 |Jul snow days = 0.0 |Aug snow days = 0.2 |Sep snow days = 1.0 |Oct snow days = 4.4 |Nov snow days = 5.9 |Dec snow days = 5.5 |year snow days = 47.6 |source 1 = Environment Canada[16] |date=March 2016}} NeighbourhoodsNeighbourhoods of Okotoks are:[17][18][19] {{Div col|colwidth=20em}}
Demographics{{Historical populations| title = Federal census population history | type = Canada | align = right | width = | state = collapsed | shading = | percentages = | footnote = Source: Statistics Canada [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] [8][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][8][3] |1901|245 |1906|508 |1911|516 |1916|525 |1921|448 |1926|579 |1931|760 |1936|571 |1941|591 |1946|694 |1951|767 |1956|764 |1961|1043 |1966|922 |1971|1247 |1976|1795 |1981|3847 |1986|5214 |1991|6720 |1996|8510 |2001|11664 |2006|17145 |2011|24511 |2016|28881 }} In the 2016 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, the Town of Okotoks recorded a population of 28,881 living in 9,667 of its 9,840 total private dwellings, a {{percentage|{{#expr:28881-24511}}|24511|1}} change from its 2011 population of 24,511. With a land area of {{convert|19.63|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}, it had a population density of {{Pop density|28881|19.63|km2|sqmi|prec=1}} in 2016.[41] The population of the Town of Okotoks according to its 2015 municipal census is 28,016, a {{percentage|{{#expr:28016-27331}}|27331|1}} change from its 2014 municipal census population of 27,331.[42] At its current population, Okotoks is the largest town in the province[43] and is eligible for city status. According to Alberta's Municipal Government Act, a town is eligible for city status when it reaches 10,000 residents.[44] In the 2011 Census, the Town of Okotoks had a population of 24,511 living in 8,423 of its 8,704 total dwellings, a 42.9% change from its 2006 adjusted population of 17,150. With a land area of {{convert|19.24|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}, it had a population density of {{Pop density|24511|19.24|km2|sqmi|prec=1}} in 2011.[45] The 2011 census also indicated that Okotoks was ranked as the municipality with the tenth-highest population growth between 2006 and 2011.[46] Almost 3% of Okotoks residents identified themselves as aboriginal at the time of the 2006 census.[47] About 93% of residents identified English as their first language while 1.4% identified French and 1.0% identified German as their first language learned. The next most common languages were Spanish, Tagalog, Chinese, Korean, and Slovak.[48] EconomyThe sawmill that was established by John Lineham along the Sheep River in 1891 operated for 25 years and was a major part of the local economy. At one time it employed 135 people, producing an average of 30,000 feet (9,000 m) of lumber per day. The growth of the Canadian Pacific Railway created a demand for railway ties and the mill helped meet that demand. Logs were brought down from the west via the Sheep River. The mill has long since disappeared but one building (one of the oldest remaining in the township) still stands. It housed an award-winning (butter) dairy from the 1920s to the 1940s. It currently houses a law office and restaurant. In May 2015 the Old Creamery was severely damaged following a suspected arson attack. On 15 June 2015 the Town Council voted to demolish the building.[49] In 1900, just west of Okotoks, four brick-making plants were opened. Many of the first brick buildings in Okotoks (of which a number still exist) were constructed using locally-made brick. The industry reached its peak in 1912, when twelve million bricks were manufactured. The outbreak of World War I caused the shutdown of “Sandstone” as it was known. By 1906 the population had hit 1900, a figure that would not be reached again until 1977. Oil was discovered west of Okotoks on October 7, 1913.[50] Okotoks became the supply centre. In its heyday, from 1913 to the 1960s, Okotoks was busy with horses, wagons, and transports hauling all types of equipment to the oil fields, and crude oil back through town to refineries in Calgary. The Texas Gulf sulphur plant (known as CanOxy) opened in 1959, employing 45 people. It was not unusual to see the bright yellow, three-story high, block-long, block-wide sulphur storage waiting to be melted or ground up and poured into railway cars. Since 1974, Okotoks has been hosting a collector car auction in late May. It is the longest running collector car auction in Canada. Okotoks was one of the few communities its size to have its own airport. A number of small air shows were held there over the years. It was the home of an aircraft charter company, flight school, and a helicopter flying school. The site has now evolved into an airpark community called the Calgary/Okotoks Air Park, where the property owners, if they wish, can build homes with attached hangars for their private planes. There is also a small private aerodrome, Calgary/Okotoks (Rowland Field) Aerodrome. Otherwise, like other communities in the vicinity of Calgary, it is served by Calgary International Airport. See also
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url=http://www.okotoks.ca/sites/default/files/pdfs/meetings/agendas/13%20July%2013%2C%202015%20Agenda%20Package.pdf | title=Regular Council Meeting Agenda: Item 4.5 – 2015 Municipal Census | page=69 | publisher=Town of Okotoks | date=July 13, 2015 | accessdate=July 11, 2015}} 43. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.municipalaffairs.alberta.ca/documents/msb/2011_pop.pdf | title=2011 Municipal Affairs Population List | publisher=Alberta Municipal Affairs | date=2010-10-05 | accessdate=2011-12-12}} 44. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.qp.alberta.ca/574.cfm?page=m26.cfm&leg_type=Acts&isbncln=9780779745739 | title=Municipal Government Act | publisher=Alberta Queen's Printer | accessdate=2012-09-05}} 45. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url=http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/hlt-fst/pd-pl/Table-Tableau.cfm?LANG=Eng&T=302&SR=1&S=51&O=A&RPP=9999&PR=48&CMA=0 | title=Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2011 and 2006 censuses (Alberta) | publisher=Statistics Canada | date=2012-02-08 | accessdate=2012-02-08}} 46. ^{{cite web | url=http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/as-sa/98-310-x/2011001/tbl/tbl6-eng.cfm | title=Table 6: Municipalities (census subdivisions) with the highest population growth between 2006 and 2011 | publisher=Statistics Canada | date=2012-05-30 | accessdate=2012-09-05}} 47. ^{{cite web | title = Okotoks | work = Aboriginal Identity (8), Sex (3) and Age Groups (12) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2006 Census - 20% Sample Data | publisher = Statistics Canada | date = 2008-01-15 | url = http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/topics/RetrieveProductTable.cfm?ALEVEL=3&APATH=3&CATNO=&DETAIL=0&DIM=&DS=99&FL=0&FREE=0&GAL=0&GC=99&GK=NA&GRP=1&IPS=&METH=0&ORDER=1&PID=89122&PTYPE=88971&RL=0&S=1&ShowAll=No&StartRow=1&SUB=0&Temporal=2006&Theme=73&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF=&GID=838049 | accessdate = 2008-02-06}} 48. ^{{cite web | title = Okotoks | work = Detailed Mother Tongue (186), Knowledge of Official Languages (5), Age Groups (17A) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2001 and 2006 Censuses - 20% Sample Data | publisher = Statistics Canada | date = 2007-11-20 | url = http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/topics/RetrieveProductTable.cfm?ALEVEL=3&APATH=3&CATNO=&DETAIL=0&DIM=&DS=99&FL=0&FREE=0&GAL=0&GC=99&GK=NA&GRP=1&IPS=&METH=0&ORDER=1&PID=89201&PTYPE=88971&RL=0&S=1&ShowAll=No&StartRow=1&SUB=701&Temporal=2006&Theme=70&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF=&GID=838049 | accessdate = 2008-02-06}} 49. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.westernwheel.com/article/20150618/WHE0801/306189963/0/whe |title=Century-old barn to be demolished |publisher=Okotoks Western Wheel |date=18 June 2015 |accessdate=2 August 2015}} 50. ^{{cite news|title=This Week in Business History|url=http://www.pressreader.com/canada/toronto-star/20161001/281887297802604|accessdate=1 October 2016|work=The Toronto Star|date=1 October 2016}} External links{{wikivoyage}}
| Centre = Okotoks | North = Calgary | Northeast = Strathmore | East = Arrowwood | Southeast = Vulcan | South = High River | Southwest = Longview | West = Black Diamond | Northwest = Bragg Creek }}{{Subdivisions of Alberta|towns=yes}} 3 : 1899 establishments in Alberta|Okotoks|Towns in Alberta |
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