| 词条 | Accelerationism |
| 释义 |
Some contemporary accelerationist philosophy starts with the Deleuzo-Guattarian theory of deterritorialisation, aiming to identify and radicalise the social forces that promote this emancipatory process.[3]{{Clarify|date=November 2015}} Accelerationist theory has been divided into mutually contradictory left-wing and right-wing variants. "Left-accelerationism" attempts to press "the process of technological evolution" beyond the constrictive horizon of capitalism, for example by repurposing modern technology for socially beneficial and emancipatory ends; "right-accelerationism" supports the indefinite intensification of capitalism itself, possibly in order to bring about a technological singularity.[4][5][6] Accelerationist writers have additionally distinguished other variants, such as "unconditional accelerationism".[7] BackgroundA number of philosophers have expressed apparently accelerationist attitudes, including Karl Marx in his 1848 speech "On the Question of Free Trade": But, in general, the protective system of our day is conservative, while the free trade system is destructive. It breaks up old nationalities and pushes the antagonism of the proletariat and the bourgeoisie to the extreme point. In a word, the free trade system hastens the social revolution. It is in this revolutionary sense alone, gentlemen, that I vote in favor of free trade.[7] In a similar vein, Friedrich Nietzsche argued that "the leveling process of European man is the great process which should not be checked: one should even accelerate it...",[8] a statement often simplified, following Deleuze and Guattari, to a command to "accelerate the process".[9] Contemporary accelerationismProminent theorists include right-accelerationist Nick Land.[10] The Cybernetic Culture Research Unit (CCRU), an unofficial research unit at the University of Warwick from 1995–2003,[11] included Land as well as other social theorists such as Mark Fisher and Sadie Plant as members, and is considered a key progenitor in both left- and right-accelerationist thought.[12] Prominent contemporary left-accelerationists include Nick Srnicek and Alex Williams, authors of the "Manifesto for an Accelerationist Politics",[13] and the Laboria Cuboniks collective, who authored the manifesto "Xenofeminism: A Politics for Alienation".[14] For Mark Fisher, writing in 2012, "Land's withering assaults on the academic left ... remain trenchant"—though problematic—and "Marxism is nothing if it is not accelerationist".[15] Along accelerationist lines, Paul Mason, in works such as A Guide to our Future, has tried to speculate about futures after capitalism. He declares that "[a]s with the end of feudalism 500 years ago, capitalism’s replacement by postcapitalism will be accelerated by external shocks and shaped by the emergence of a new kind of human being. And it has started." He considers that the rise of collaborative production will eventually help capitalism to kill itself. Focusing on how information technology infrastructures undermine modern political geographies, and proposing an open-ended "design brief", Benjamin H. Bratton's book The Stack: On Software and Sovereignty is associated with accelerationism. Tiziana Terranova's "Red Stack Attack!"[16] links Bratton's stack model and left accelerationism. References1. ^{{cite book |last=Shaviro |first=Steven |year=2010 |title=Post Cinematic Affect |url= |location=Ropley |publisher=O Books |page= 136}} 2. ^{{cite book |last=Adams |first=Jason |year=2013 |title=Occupy Time: Technoculture, Immediacy, and Resistance After Occupy Wall Street |url= |location=New York |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |page= 96}} 3. ^{{cite web |last=Wolfendale |first=Peter |url=http://deontologistics.tumblr.com/post/91953882443/so-accelerationism-whats-all-that-about| title=So, Accelerationism, what's all that about? |website=Dialectical Insurgency |year= 2014|access-date= 5 February 2015}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://blogs.cccb.org/lab/en/article_el-vertigen-acceleracionista-ii-entrevista-a-robin-mackay/|title=The Accelerationist Vertigo (II): Interview with Robin Mackay|first=Roc|last=Jiménez de Cisneros|publisher=Centre de Cultura Contemporània de Barcelona|date=5 November 2014|access-date=5 February 2015}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://criticallegalthinking.com/2013/05/14/accelerate-manifesto-for-an-accelerationist-politics/|title=#ACCELERATE MANIFESTO for an Accelerationist Politics|publisher=Critical Legal Thinking|first1=Alex|last1=Williams|first2=Nick|last2=Srnicek|date=14 May 2013|access-date=5 February 2015}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ufblog.net/accelerate/|title=#Accelerate|date=13 February 2014|access-date=5 February 2015|first1=Nick|last1=Land|website=Urban Future (2.1)}} 7. ^Marx, Karl, [https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1848/free-trade/ On the question of free trade], Speech to the Democratic Association of Brussels, 9 January 1848. 8. ^Quoted in {{cite book |last=Strong |first=Tracy |year=1988 |title=Friedrich Nietzsche and the Politics of Transfiguration |url= |location=Berkeley |publisher=University of California Press |page= 211}} Original in The Will to Power §898. 9. ^{{cite book |last1=Deleuze |first1=Gilles |last2=Guattari |first2=Félix |year=2004 |title=Anti-Oedipus |url= |location=London |publisher=Continuum |page= 260}} 10. ^1 {{Cite web|title = A Quick-and-Dirty Introduction to Accelerationism|url = https://jacobitemag.com/2017/05/25/a-quick-and-dirty-introduction-to-accelerationism/|website = Jacobite Magazine|accessdate = 2018-02-20}} 11. ^{{Cite web|title = CCRU|url = http://v2.nl/archive/organizations/ccru|website = V2_Institute for the Unstable Media|accessdate = 2015-10-09|language = en}} 12. ^{{cite book |last1=Schwarz |first1=Jonas Andersson |year=2013 |title=Online File Sharing: Innovations in Media Consumption |url= |location=New York |publisher=Routledge |pages= 20–21}} 13. ^{{Cite web|title = #ACCELERATE MANIFESTO for an Accelerationist Politics|url = http://criticallegalthinking.com/2013/05/14/accelerate-manifesto-for-an-accelerationist-politics/|website = Critical Legal Thinking|accessdate = 2015-10-09}} 14. ^{{Cite web|title = After Accelerationism: The Xenofeminist manifesto|url = http://tripleampersand.org/after-accelerationism-the-xenofeminist-manifesto/|website = &&& Journal|accessdate = 2015-10-09|language = en}} 15. ^{{cite book |author=Mark Fisher |editor1=Robin Mackay |editor2=Armen Avanessian |title=#Accelerate: The Accelerationist Reader |publisher=Urbanomic |date=2014 |pages=335–46: 340, 342 |chapter=Terminator vs Avatar}} 16. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.euronomade.info/?p=2268|title=Red Stack Attack! Algorithms, Capital and the Automation of the Common {{!}} EuroNomade|website=www.euronomade.info|language=it-IT|access-date=2017-02-09}} Further readingBooks
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