| 词条 | Acropora caroliniana |
| 释义 |
| status = VU | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = [1] | taxon = Acropora caroliniana | authority = Nemenzo, 1976 }} Acropora caroliniana is a species of acroporid coral that was first described by Nemenzo in 1976. Found in tropical, shallow reef slopes, it occurs at depths of {{convert|5|to|25|m|ft|abbr=on}} in a marine environment. The species is rated as vulnerable on the IUCN Red List, with a decreasing population. It is rare, but has been found over a large area, and two-thirds of the regions of Indonesia. DescriptionAcropora caroliniana species form in thick horizontal structures, made of flat branches.[1] It is light green,[3] pale blue or white-brown in colour, and are also found on small branchlets. These have large axial corallites with diameters up to {{convert|1.7|to|3.5|mm}}[3] which become narrow at the ends, and curve upwards. The species' radial corallites are small and "pocket-like". It looks similar to Acropora lokani and Acropora loripes.[1][3] It is found on the upper slopes of tropical, shallow reefs, at depths of between {{convert|5|and|25|m|ft|abbr=on}}, and reaches maturity at over eight years.[2] The species is found at temperatures of {{convert|25.48|to|27.5|C|F}}.[3] Colonies have diameters of up to {{convert|50|cm}} and branchlets can reach lengths of {{convert|25|mm}} and widths of {{convert|8|mm}}.[4]DistributionAcropora caroliniana is uncommon but found over a large area; Australia, western Pacific, the Indo-Pacific, Pohnpei, and Fiji in marine habitats. It occurs in two-thirds of the regions of Indonesia and also in Papua New Guinea.[2] It is threatened by the global reduction of coral reefs, the increase of temperature causing bleaching, disease, coral harvesting, climate change, fishing, human development, pollution, and being prey to starfish Acanthaster planci.[2] It is sometimes found in Marine Protected Areas. It is listed as a vulnerable species on the IUCN Red List as the population is decreasing, and is listed under Appendix II of CITES.[2]TaxonomyIt was first described by F. Nemenzo in 1976 in the Philippines as Acropora caroliniana.[5] References1. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://coral.aims.gov.au/factsheet.jsp?speciesCode=0015|title=Acropora caroliniana|publisher=Australian Institute of Marine Science|accessdate=13 December 2014}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q3946786}}2. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|url=http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/133112/0|title=Acropora caroliniana|publisher=IUCN Red List|accessdate=12 August 2015}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/1016236/data|title=Measurements and facts about Acropora caroliniana|publisher=Encyclopedia of Life|accessdate=13 December 2014}} 4. ^1 2 3 {{cite book|first=Carden|last=Wallace|title=Staghorn Corals of the World: A Revision of the Genus Acropora|date=1 September 1999|publisher=Csiro Publishing|isbn=978-0-643-10281-1|page=126}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=288190|title=Acropora caroliniana Nemenzo, 1976|publisher=World Register of Marine Species|accessdate=13 December 2014}} 11 : Acroporidae|Cnidarians of the Pacific Ocean|Cnidarians of the Indian Ocean|Fauna of the Red Sea|Marine fauna of Asia|Marine fauna of Oceania|Marine fauna of Southeast Asia|Marine fauna of Western Asia|Vulnerable fauna of Asia|Vulnerable fauna of Oceania|Animals described in 1976 |
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