| 词条 | Adam Badeau |
| 释义 |
|name= Adam Badeau |image=Col. Adam Badeau - NARA - 526750.jpg |caption= |birth_date= {{birth date|1831|12|29}} |birth_place= New York City, New York |death_date= {{death date and age|1895|03|19|1831|12|29}} |death_place= Ridgewood, New Jersey |placeofburial= Sleepy Hollow Cemetery's Old Dutch Churchyard, Section D, Lot 65 |allegiance= United States of America |serviceyears= 1862–1869 |branch= Union Army United States Army |rank= Captain (actual) Brigadier General (brevet) |unit=Staff of Thomas W. Sherman Staff of Ulysses S. Grant |battles=American Civil War
|spouse=Marie E. Niles (m. 1875) |laterwork=Writer Diplomat |signature= }} Adam Badeau (December 29, 1831 – March 19, 1895) was an American author, Union Army officer, and diplomat. He was most prominent for his service on the staff of Ulysses S. Grant during the American Civil War and his subsequent three-volume biography of Grant. Badeau enjoyed a successful career as a writer, and assisted Grant with the research, fact checking, and editing when Grant authored Personal Memoirs of Ulysses S. Grant. A native of New York City, Badeau was raised and educated in Tarrytown and Sleepy Hollow, and became clerk in the New York City Street Department while studying law. In addition to practicing after he was admitted to the bar, Badeau became a writer, and his early work as a theater critic was carried by Noah's Sunday Times. Badeau joined the Union Army during the American Civil War, and his abilities as a writer led to his prominence as a staff officer, first for Thomas W. Sherman, and later for Ulysses S. Grant. He took part in several campaigns, and rose from captain to brevet brigadier general. After the war, Badeau became the longtime U.S. Consul in London (1870-1881), and turned down appointments as a U.S. Minister in order to remain in England. From 1882 to 1884, he was the U.S. Consul in Havana, Cuba. Badeau continued to work as a writer, and was a prolific contributor of essays and articles to newspapers and magazines, in addition to being the author of several books, both fiction and non-fiction. In the mid-1880s, he worked with Grant during the preparation of Grant's memoirs, but left the project before it was complete after a dispute about how much Badeau would be paid, and how he would be credited in the book for his research, fact-checking, editing, and proofreading. He later sued Grant's heirs to obtain payment. Badeau died in Ridgewood, New Jersey, and was buried at Sleepy Hollow Cemetery. Early lifeAdam Badeau was born in New York City on December 29, 1831. He was first educated by private tutors[1] before moving to Tarrytown where he attended boarding schools. Later he moved to North Tarrytown (now Sleepy Hollow), and became a clerk in New York City's Street Department.[2] He also studied law, and attained admission to the bar in 1855.[3] In addition, Badeau was a writer, and his work as an essayist and theater critic was published in Noah's Sunday Times.[4] FamilyBadeau was married on April 29, 1875, to Marie Ely Niles.[5][6] Her father, Dr. Nathaniel Niles (1791-1869) was a prominent physician who served as secretary of the U.S. legation and acting chargé d'affaires in Paris, special diplomatic agent to the Austrian Empire, and chargé d'affaires in Sardinia.[7] Her grandfather, Nathaniel Niles (1741-1828) was a member of Congress from Vermont.[8] Her cousin, also named Nathaniel Niles (1835-1917), served as Speaker of the New Jersey General Assembly in 1872.[9] Civil WarIn 1862, Badeau joined the Union Army during the American Civil War and was commissioned as a captain.[2] As a member of the staff of Thomas W. Sherman,{{efn|Not to be confused with William Tecumseh Sherman}} he took part in the Siege of Corinth, Mississippi, the defense of New Orleans, and the Siege of Port Hudson.[10][11] where he was severely wounded.[12] After his recovery, in March 1864, on the personal recommendation of Grant's adjutant, General John A. Rawlins,[13] Badeau joined the staff of Ulysses S. Grant as a brevet lieutenant colonel and military secretary. During this time Badeau and Grant became close friends.[10][13] Badeau took part in the Wilderness and Appomattox campaigns, and received promotion to brevet colonel.[14] He remained on Grant's staff until 1869, and left the Army for disability caused by his Port Hudson wound; he held the permanent rank of captain and the brevet rank of brigadier general.[10] Post-Civil WarSoon after General Grant assumed the Presidency, General Badeau was sent to London and served as Secretary of Legation in the United States embassy in London, England from May to December 1869. Early in the next year he was made bearer of government dispatches to Madrid, then in May he was returned to London as Consul 1870 to 1881, and served in that capacity until September, 1881.[13] and U.S. During that time he was granted a leave of absence from 1877 to 1878, when he accompanied Grant on Grant's trip around the world.[13][15] While Badeau lived in England, he received Grant as a visitor on several occasions.[16][17] In 1875 Badeau was nominated as Minister to Belgium,[18] and in 1881 he received appointment as Minister to Denmark,[19] but he declined both. From 1882 to 1884 he was U.S. Consul in Havana, Cuba.[20] Badeau resigned this appointment after alleging that officials in the State Department were corrupt in their dealings with Cuba and Spain, and stating that the department took no action after he made his charges.[21][22] Badeau then aided Grant in the preparation of Grant's memoirs, but left Grant before the book was finished after arguing over the details of the legal agreement specifying how much Badeau would be paid and how he would be credited for his editing, research and fact checking.[23] A bitter quarrel lay behind the creation of this agreement – one that would continue even after Grant's death. Grant was surprised when Badeau expressed his complaints and made demands of Grant. Among other concerns, Badeau had two main points of contention with Grant. The first, having committed much of his time and effort in assisting Grant, Badeau maintained that he had been detained from many of his other involvements for several months. The second, realizing that Grant's memoirs was going to be a monumental success, he feared that his multi-volume work on Grant would be obscured in the wake of their publication and release.[24] {{block quote|"In consideration of the fact that the book which I am now engaged upon will be in competition with Badeau's History of my Campaigns, which was written with my consent and with the expectation that it would take the place of all I would have to say on the subject. Grant signed on 7 February 1885. A month later Badeau added his signature, and recorded the receipt of Grant's first payment: "Received of Genl. U. S. Grant $250, my share of $1,000 received by him this day on account of his book. 3 East 66th St. New York. March 2, 1885." As Grant's Memoirs approached completion, having benefited from Badeau's extensive rewriting and additions to its earlier sections, he became convinced that sales would likely go far higher than the $30,000 envisioned in this agreement. With Grant failing badly, Badeau proposed a new arrangement in April 1885: he would complete the work at the price of $1,000 a month, plus 10% of the profits. Grant thought the offer too generous, and he was additionally annoyed by press leaks that painted Badeau as the true author of the forthcoming work. Grant broke off relations with his long-time aide and refused to pay him the $10,000 called for in their agreement. When the sales of the Memoirs skyrocketed past $30,000—they eventually brought $450,000—Badeau sued to get his money. Eventually Mrs. Grant paid him the originally agreed upon $10,000 plus interest of $1,200 (see Brooks D. Simpson article on Badeau in American National Biography). (He subsequently settled with Grant's son Frederick for $10,000,[13] or about $250,000 in 2012 dollars.)[25] Author and editorialistBadeau was acquainted with many famous people and celebrities of his day, including Ulysses S. Grant and Edwin Booth.[26] He was a prolific author of both fiction and non-fiction, and besides newspaper columns and magazine articles, his works included: The Vagabond (1859);[27] a three volume Military History of Ulysses S. Grant (1881);[28][12] Aristocracy in England (1885);[29] Conspiracy: A Cuban Romance (1885);[30] and Grant in Peace: From Appomattox to Mount McGregor (1887); It was subtitled A Personal Memoir, a work that covered Grant's social involvements with such notable people as General Philip Sheridan, Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton, Secretary of State Hamilton Fish, and others.[12][31] Badeau wrote for the New York Sunday times under the assumed name, The Vagabond. Final yearsIn his final years Badeau continued writing, frequently contributing to various magazines and periodicals and chronicled the various war time events he participated in. His frequent involvement as a writer caused strain on his eyes and he soon developed cataracts during the winter of 1894-1895 where he subsequently underwent successive operations for their removal, which undermined his physical strength.[10] He finally succumbed to apoplexy, and died suddenly on March 19, 1895, in Ridgewood, New Jersey, at the age of 63[13][1][32] and was buried in Sleepy Hollow Cemetery's Old Dutch Churchyard, Section D, Lot 65. [33]{{clear}}See also{{portal|American Civil War}}
Notes{{notelist}}References1. ^1 Publishers Weekly, Vol 47, 1895, p. 492 2. ^1 Cutter, 1918, p. 45 3. ^Rice, 1893, p. 387 4. ^Fitch, 1916, p. 64 5. ^New York Times, April 30, 1875 6. ^New York Times, May 19, 1915 7. ^Philadelphia Times, April 30, 1875 8. ^Hemenway, 1871, p. 912 9. ^Sherwood, 1898, p. 124 10. ^1 2 3 Cutter, 1918, p. 46 11. ^Flood & Bray, 1895, p. 235 12. ^1 2 Mcfeely, 1981, p. 497 13. ^1 2 3 4 5 Fitch, 1916, p. 65 14. ^Perry, 2004, p. 72 15. ^Twain, 2010, p. 477 16. ^Young, 1879 17. ^Remlap, 1885, pp. 45, 52 18. ^Journal of the Senate, 1875, p. 69 19. ^The School Herald, The Senatorial Resignations, Vol 1, p.66 20. ^Hope Valley Advertiser, April 3, 1895 21. ^New York Times, April 15, 1884 22. ^Baltimore Sun, April 17, 1884 23. ^Brands, 2012, p. 625 24. ^White, 2016, p. 645 25. ^New York Times, October 31, 1888 26. ^Shattuck, 1969, p. 18 27. ^Badeau, 1859, The Vagabond, title page 28. ^Badeau, 1881, Military History of Ulysses S. Grant, title page 29. ^Badeau, 1881 Aristocracy in England, title page 30. ^Badeau, 1885 Conspiracy: A Cuban Romance, title page 31. ^Badeau, 1987, Grant in Peace: From Appomattox to Mount McGregor, title page 32. ^New York Times, March 21, 1895 33. ^Hunt & Brown, 1990, p. 23 Bibliography
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12 : 1831 births|1895 deaths|American male writers|19th-century American diplomats|Grant administration personnel|People from Ridgewood, New Jersey|People from Tarrytown, New York|People of New York (state) in the American Civil War|Union Army officers|19th-century American writers|New York (state) Republicans|Burials at Sleepy Hollow Cemetery |
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