| 词条 | Adjustable Wrench (Torke) |
| 释义 |
| name = Adjustable Wrench | image = | alt = | caption = | translation = | native_name = | native_name_lang = | composer = Michael Torke | key = | catalogue = | genre = | form = | text = | language = | melody = | composed = 1987 | performed = {{Timeline-event|date={{Start date|1987|11|23|df=y}}|location=United Kingdom}} | published = | movements = | scoring = Chamber ensemble | misc = }} Adjustable Wrench, sometimes also The Adjustable Wrench, is a composition for mixed chamber ensemble by American composer Michael Torke. It was composed in 1987. CompositionThe composition was composed in 1987 and had its first performance in November 24, 1987. It was commissioned by the Huddersfield Contemporary Music Festival, in the United Kingdom, where it was premiered. The work was premiered by Ensemble Lontano, conducted by Odaline de la Martinez.[1] It was later published by Hendon Music and Boosey & Hawkes, as most of Torke's compositions, and was first recorded by Kent Nagano conducting the London Sinfonietta under Argo Records.[2] StructureThe composition is in one movement and takes up to 11 minutes to perform. It is scored for oboe, 2 clarinets in B-flat, bassoon, horn in F, two trumpets in B-flat, trombone, marimba, piano, synthesizer, two violins, viola, violoncello, and double bass. According to Torke, the work can be performed with multiple string parts and is compatible with symphony orchestras. There is no definitive seating arrangement for this composition for ensemble. However, the composer advises to put the piano near the winds, the marimba near the brass, and the synthesizer near the strings. Thus, three sections have to be well-defined on the stage. It begins with a staccato melodic line by an instrument in the woodwinds, which is later transformed into chords by the strings. Then, the brass take over with a melody which is later transformed into chords, only to introduce a new melody based on the same harmonic structure. In this case, the keyboard instruments (piano, marimba and synthesizer) do not introduce anything additional to the music, for they imitate the group they belong in the composition. Given the syncopatic nature of the composition, these instruments reinforce the attacks. The composition relies on a basic four-bar structure that goes on in time, which is typical of pop music. According to the composer, the work is clearly structured into four differentiating sections.[1][3] ReceptionThe critics' response towards this composition has been overall positive. The Financial Times has praised the intricacy of its constructions, whereas The New York Times has acknowledged its "jazz's wavelike structures".[1] RecordingsSo far, only the version by Kent Nagano and the London Sinfonietta has been released worldwide. It was recorded between November 9 and 13, 1989, at the CBS studio in London.[4] References1. ^1 2 {{cite web|last1=Torke|first1=Michael|title=Adjustable Wrench for ensemble (1987)|url=http://michaeltorke.com/compositions.php?yearcheck=1991#|website=michaeltorke.com|publisher=Michael Torke|accessdate=12 February 2015}} 2. ^{{cite web|last1=Torke|first1=Michael|title=Torke, Michael: Adjustable Wrenchfor mixed ensemble|url=http://www.boosey.com/pages/cr/perusals/score.asp?id=1080|publisher=Boosey & Hawkes|accessdate=12 February 2015}} 3. ^{{cite web|last1=Sparr|first1=Donald J.|title=Michael Torke The Adjustable Wrench, for ensemble|url=http://www.allmusic.com/composition/the-adjustable-wrench-for-ensemble-mc0002366921|website=allmusic.com|publisher=Rovi Corporation|accessdate=12 February 2015}} 4. ^{{Cite AV media notes|last1=Simeone|first1=Nigel|title=Michael Torke – Color Music (4784580)|chapter=Colourful Exuberance|date=2012|publisher=Decca Music Group Limited|location=London, England|page=5}} 3 : Compositions by Michael Torke|1987 compositions|Contemporary classical compositions |
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