| 词条 | Admiralty Compass Observatory |
| 释义 |
|type = Department |agency_name = Admiralty Compass Observatory |motto = |logo = {{flagicon|UK|naval|size=125px}} |logo_width = |logo_caption = |seal = |seal_width = |seal_caption = |preceding1 = Compass Department |jurisdiction = Government of the United Kingdom |headquarters = Admiralty Building Whitehall London |formed = 1842 |dissolved = 1971 |superseding = Admiralty Surface Weapons Establishment |employees = |budget = |chief1_name = |chief1_position = |chief2_name = |chief2_position = |parent_agency = Admiralty Navy Department |child1_agency = |website = }} The Admiralty Compass Observatory, originally known as the Compass Branch (1842-1917) and later known as the Compass Department (1917-1968) and Compass Directorate (1968-1971) was established in 1842 to provide the Royal Navy with services for the design, development, inspection, testing and repair of compasses and certain other instruments. It subsequently undertook requirements for the other services as appropriate. It existed until 1971 when it was absorbed within the Admiralty Surface Weapons Establishment.[1][2] HistoryIn 1795 The post of Hydrographer of the Navy was created. He became responsible to the First Naval Lord for producing charts, 'Sailing Directions', 'Notices to Mariners', tide tables and light lists and for supplying chronometers, compasses and other scientific instruments to HM ships. He was also responsible for naval meteorology and for the Admiralty's links with the Meteorological Office. In 1820 the Hydrographer was responsible for the Observatory, being advised by a Board of Visitors. In 1842 a Compass Branch as part of the Hydrographic Department was established.[3] In 1911 The Compass Branch was affiliated to the Controller of the Navy's Department. Its work in connection with terrestrial magnetism was transferred to the Royal Observatory Greenwich when it was renamed the Compass Observatory. In 1917, it moved to Ditton Park and used the house and its immediate grounds when the compass branch was elevated to a department. The Radio Research Station of the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research was co-located at Ditton Park, and provided basic information in this field. By 1968 it formed part of the Controllers Department and was renamed the Compass Directorate.[4] In 1971, it was merged as part of the Admiralty Surface Weapons Establishment (ASWE) within the navigation division. The site was later renamed as Admiralty Research Establishment (ARE) Slough, and in its final years its became part of the Defence Research Agency (DRA) from 1991, and the Defence Evaluation and Research Agency (DERA) from 1995. After its release from Defence use, the whole site was bought by Computer Associates (now CA Technologies) in 1997 Head of Branch/DepartmentSuperintendent of CompassesIncomplete list of post holders included:
Assistant Superintendent of Compasses
References1. ^{{cite Hansard |house=House of Commons |title=Admiralty Compass Observatory, Ditton Park |url=http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/commons/1957/may/29/admiralty-compass-observatory-ditton-park#S5CV0571P0_19570529_HOC_196 |date=29 May 1957 |column_start=405 |column_end=406 |speaker=Duncan Sandys |position=Minister of Defence}} 2. ^{{cite web|last1=Fanning|first1=A. E.|title=The Admiralty Compass Observatory|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-navigation/article/div-classtitlethe-admiralty-compass-observatorydiv/A2858BB54D3A0E387B0EA4C04779E80E|website=The Journal of Navigation|publisher=CUP|accessdate=5 March 2017|pages=167–183|doi=10.1017/S0373463300035189|date=1 May 1980}} 3. ^{{cite web|last1=Fanning|first1=A. E.|title=The Admiralty Compass Observatory|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-navigation/article/div-classtitlethe-admiralty-compass-observatorydiv/A2858BB54D3A0E387B0EA4C04779E80E|website=The Journal of Navigation|publisher=CUP|accessdate=5 March 2017|pages=167–183|doi=10.1017/S0373463300035189|date=1 May 1980}} 4. ^{{cite book |title=The Navy List |date=Spring 1968 |publisher=HM Stationery Office |location=London, England |page=535 |chapter=Navy Department}} External links{{Admiralty Department|state=collapsed}} 5 : Admiralty departments|Admiralty during World War I|Admiralty during World War II|1842 establishments in the United Kingdom|1971 disestablishments in the United Kingdom |
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