| 词条 | Agriculture in Papua New Guinea |
| 释义 |
Papua New Guinea produces and exports agricultural, timber, and fish products. Agriculture currently accounts for 25% of GDP and supports more than 80% of the population. Cash crops ranked by value are coffee, oil, cocoa, copra, tea, rubber, and sugar. The timber industry was not active in 1998, due to low world prices, but rebounded in 1999. About 40% of the country is covered with timber rich trees, and a domestic woodworking industry has been slow to develop. Fish exports are confined primarily to shrimp, although fishing boats of other nations catch tuna in Papua New Guinea waters under license. Papua New Guinea is the largest yam market in Asia. HistoryPeople in Papua New Guinea started practising agriculture around 7,000 - 10,000 years ago. The oldest evidence for this is in the Kuk Swamp area, where planting, digging and staking of plants, and possibly drainage have been used to cultivate taro, banana, sago and yam.[2] Between the 17th to 19th centuries, a small number of plant species, including sweet potato, cassava and tobacco have been brought from the Americas by Europeans and introduced to Indonesia from where they spread to New Guinea. In the second part of the 19th century and especially after 1870 further crops have been introduced directly by Europeans, including beans, pumpkin, corn, watermelon, papaya, mangosteen, durian, orange, lemon, coffee, lime and guava.[2] Major agricultural productsSweet potatoSweet potato is a major food in PNG and dominates production in the highlands.[3] It is one of PNGs top five staple foods taking the top position 99%, followed by banana with 96% and taro with 95%.[4] Coffee{{Main|Coffee production in Papua New Guinea}}Coffee production in Papua New Guinea accounts for a little over 1% of the total world production according to the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD).[5] After oil palm, coffee is Papua New Guinea's second largest agricultural export, employing approximately 2.5 million people. Copra{{Main|Copra plantations in New Guinea}}Copra has been cultivated in New Guinea since the late 19th century, originally by German colonialists. Production has continued by Australian interests since World War II. See also
References1. ^AusAID: About Papua New Guinea {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110518125558/http://www.ausaid.gov.au/country/png/png_intro.cfm |date=2011-05-18 }}, retrieved 5 May 2011 2. ^1 Bourke, R. Michael: History of agriculture in Papua New Guinea in Food and Agriculture in Papua New Guinea, ANU Press, 2009 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110415014651/http://epress.anu.edu.au/food_agriculture/pdf/history.pdf |date=April 15, 2011 }} 3. ^R. Michael Bourke, John Gibson, Alan Quartermain, Kate Barclay, Bryant Allen and Jean Kennedy: Food Production, Consumption and Imports in Food and Agriculture in Papua New Guinea, ANU Press, 2009 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110415014715/http://epress.anu.edu.au/food_agriculture/pdf/part2.pdf |date=April 15, 2011 }} 4. ^Bourke, R.M and Hartwood T.(eds) (2009) Food and Agriculture im PNG, ANU Press, Camberra 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.unctad.org/infocomm/diversification/nadi/gimbol.PDF |title=COFFEE INDUSTRY CORPORATION LIMITED |publisher=United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) |accessdate=24 September 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090824061423/http://www.unctad.org/infocomm/Diversification/nadi/gimbol.PDF |archivedate=24 August 2009 |df= }} External links{{Commons category|Agriculture in Papua New Guinea}}
1 : Agriculture in Papua New Guinea |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。