| 词条 | O'nyong'nyong virus |
| 释义 |
| name = O'nyong'nyong virus | synonyms = | image = | caption = | pronounce = | field = Infectious disease | symptoms = | complications = | onset = | duration = | types = | causes = | risks = | diagnosis = | differential = | prevention = | treatment = | medication = | prognosis = | frequency = | deaths = }} The o'nyong'nyong virus (ONNV) was first isolated by researchers at the Uganda Virus Research Institute in Entebbe, Uganda, during a large outbreak of a disease in 1959 that resembled dengue fever.[1] ONNV is a togavirus (family Togaviridae), genus Alphavirus, is closely related to the chikungunya and Igbo Ora viruses, and is a member of the Semliki Forest antigenic complex.[2] The name was given to the disease by the Acholi tribe during the 1959 outbreak.[3] The name comes from the Nilotic language of Uganda and Sudan and means “weakening of the joints". The virus can infect humans and may cause disease.[4] Signs and symptomsCommon symptoms of infection with the virus are polyarthritis, rash and fever. Other symptoms include eye pain, chest pain, lymphadenitis and lethargy. The disease is self-limiting.[5] No fatalities due to infection are known. Cause{{Taxobox | color=violet| name = O’nyong’nyong virus | virus_group = iv | familia = Togaviridae | genus = Alphavirus | species = O’nyong’nyong virus }} StrainsONNV has at least three major subtypes, or strains, the genomic sequences of which are currently available on genome databases. TransmissionONNV is transmitted by bites from an infected mosquito. It is the only virus whose primary vectors are anopheline mosquitoes (Anopheles funestus and Anopheles gambiae){{Citation needed|date=July 2017}}. EpidemiologyThere have been two epidemics of o’nyong’nyong fever. The first occurred from 1959 to 1962, spreading from Uganda to Kenya, Tanzania, Zaire (Democratic Republic of the Congo), Malawi and Mozambique, and affecting over two million people, one of the largest arbovirus epidemics ever recorded.[6][7] The first virus isolates were obtained during this outbreak from mosquitoes and human blood samples collected from Gulu in northern Uganda in 1959.[8] The second epidemic in 1996–1997 was confined to Uganda.[9] The 35-year hiatus between the two outbreaks and evidence of an outbreak in 1904–1906 in Uganda indicate a 30–50 year cycle for epidemics.[10] In 2013, ONNV was confirmed as the cause of disease in a 60-year-old German woman who became infected while traveling in East Africa.[11] In 2015–2016 there was a minor outbreak in Uganda with 51 suspected cases.{{Citation needed|date=December 2016}} There has been a minor outbreak in Mombasa (Kenya) and the County Government of Mombasa issued a warning. [12]A 2015 study indicated that ONNV is endemic in coastal East Africa, along with chikungunya virus.[13] References1. ^{{cite journal|last1=WILLIAMS|first1=MC|last2=WOODALL|first2=JP|last3=GILLETT|first3=JD|title=O'NYONG-NYONG FEVER: AN EPIDEMIC VIRUS DIESEASE IN EAST AFRICA. VII. VIRUS ISOLATIONS FROM MAN AND SEROLOGICAL STUDIES UP TO JULY 1961.|journal=Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene|date=March 1965|volume=59|issue=2|pages=186–97|pmid=14297194|doi=10.1016/0035-9203(65)90080-5}} 2. ^{{cite journal|last1=Brault|first1=Aaron C.|last2=Tesh|first2=Robert B.|last3=Powers|first3=Ann M.|last4=Weaver|first4=Scott C.|title=Re-emergence of chikungunya and o'nyong-nyong viruses: evidence for distinct geographical lineages and distant evolutionary relationships|journal=Journal of General Virology|date=1 February 2000|volume=81|issue=2|pages=471–479|doi=10.1099/0022-1317-81-2-471|pmid=10644846}} 3. ^{{cite journal|last1=Haddow|first1=A.J.|last2=Davies|first2=C.W.|last3=Walker|first3=A.J.|title=O'nyong-nyong fever: An epidemic virus disease in East Africa 1. Introduction|journal=Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene|date=November 1960|volume=54|issue=6|pages=517–522|doi=10.1016/0035-9203(60)90025-0}} 4. ^{{cite journal |vauthors=Posey DL, O'rourke T, Roehrig JT, Lanciotti RS, Weinberg M, Maloney S |title=O'Nyong-nyong fever in West Africa |journal=Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. |volume=73 |issue=1 |pages=32 |date=July 2005 |pmid=16014827 |doi= 10.4269/ajtmh.2005.73.1.0730032|url=http://www.ajtmh.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=16014827 }}{{dead link|date=February 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 5. ^{{cite journal|last1=Haddow|first1=A.J.|last2=Davies|first2=C.W.|last3=Walker|first3=A.J.|title=O'nyong-nyong fever: An epidemic virus disease in East Africa 1. Introduction|journal=Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene|date=November 1960|volume=54|issue=6|pages=517–522|doi=10.1016/0035-9203(60)90025-0}} 6. ^{{cite journal|last1=Lutwama|first1=JJ|last2=Kayondo|first2=J|last3=Savage|first3=HM|last4=Burkot|first4=TR|last5=Miller|first5=BR|title=Epidemic O'Nyong-Nyong fever in southcentral Uganda, 1996-1997: entomologic studies in Bbaale village, Rakai District.|journal=The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene|date=July 1999|volume=61|issue=1|pages=158–62|pmid=10432073|doi=10.4269/ajtmh.1999.61.158}} 7. ^{{cite journal|last1=Williams|first1=M.C.|last2=Woodall|first2=J.P.|title=O'nyong-nyong fever: An epidemic virus disease in East Africa|journal=Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene|date=March 1961|volume=55|issue=2|pages=135–141|doi=10.1016/0035-9203(61)90017-7}} 8. ^{{cite journal|last1=Williams|first1=M.C.|last2=Woodall|first2=J.P.|title=O'nyong-nyong fever: An epidemic virus disease in East Africa|journal=Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene|date=March 1961|volume=55|issue=2|pages=135–141|doi=10.1016/0035-9203(61)90017-7}} 9. ^{{cite journal|last1=Sanders|first1=Eduard J.|last2=Rwaguma|first2=Elly B.|last3=Kawamata|first3=Jun|last4=Kiwanuka|first4=Noah|last5=Lutwama|first5=J. Julius|last6=Ssengooba|first6=Freddie P.|last7=Lamunu|first7=Margaret|last8=Najjemba|first8=Robinah|last9=Were|first9=Willy A.|last10=Bagambisa|first10=George|last11=Campbell|first11=Grant L.|title=O'nyong‐nyong Fever in South‐Central Uganda, 1996–1997: Description of the Epidemic and Results of a Household‐Based Seroprevalence Survey|journal=The Journal of Infectious Diseases|date=November 1999|volume=180|issue=5|pages=1436–1443|doi=10.1086/315073|pmid=10515801}} 10. ^{{cite journal|last1=Rwaguma|first1=E.B.|title=Emergence of Epidemic O'nyong-nyong Fever in Southwestern Uganda, After an Absence of 35 Years|journal=Emerging Infectious Diseases|date=March 1997|volume=3|issue=1|pages=77|doi=10.3201/eid0301.970112|pmid=9126450|pmc=2627590}} 11. ^{{cite journal|last1=Tappe|first1=Dennis|last2=Kapaun|first2=Annette|last3=Emmerich|first3=Petra|last4=Campos|first4=Renata de Mendonca|last5=Cadar|first5=Daniel|last6=Günther|first6=Stephan|last7=Schmidt-Chanasit|first7=Jonas|title=O'nyong-nyong Virus Infection Imported to Europe from Kenya by a Traveler|journal=Emerging Infectious Diseases|volume=20|issue=10|pages=1766–1767|doi=10.3201/eid2010.140823|pmid=25271361|pmc=4193281|year=2014}} 12. ^http://www.nation.co.ke/video/news/4146788-4252150-ggmfk2z/index.html 13. ^{{cite journal|last1=LaBeaud|first1=A. Desiree|last2=Banda|first2=Tamara|last3=Brichard|first3=Julie|last4=Muchiri|first4=Eric M.|last5=Mungai|first5=Peter L.|last6=Mutuku|first6=Francis M.|last7=Borland|first7=Erin|last8=Gildengorin|first8=Ginny|last9=Pfeil|first9=Sarah|last10=Teng|first10=Crystal Y.|last11=Long|first11=Kristin|last12=Heise|first12=Mark|last13=Powers|first13=Ann M.|last14=Kitron|first14=Uriel|last15=King|first15=Charles H.|last16=Kasper|first16=Matthew|title=High Rates of O'Nyong Nyong and Chikungunya Virus Transmission in Coastal Kenya|journal=PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases|date=6 February 2015|volume=9|issue=2|pages=e0003436|doi=10.1371/journal.pntd.0003436|pmid=25658762|pmc=4319898}} External links{{Medical resources| DiseasesDB = | ICD10 = {{ICD10|A92.1}} | ICD9 = {{ICD9|066.3}} | ICDO = | OMIM = | MedlinePlus = | eMedicineSubj = | eMedicineTopic = | MeshID = }}{{Zoonotic viral diseases}}{{Taxonbar|from=Q1407583}} 2 : Alphaviruses|Arthropod-borne viral fevers and viral haemorrhagic fevers |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。