| 词条 | Operation Buccaneer | ||
| 释义 |
An undercover operation began in October 2000.[2] On December 11, 2001, law enforcement agents in six countries targeted 62 people suspected of violating software copyright, with leads in twenty other countries. U.S. law enforcement agents, led by the United States Customs Service, raided computers in the economics department of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology,[3] the University of California, Los Angeles, an "off-campus location" of the University of Oregon, and dorm rooms at Duke University and Purdue University.[4] Information obtained led to a subsequent raid at the Rochester Institute of Technology,[5] described by "warez gadfly 'ttol'" as one of "the two major hubs for communications between pirate groups" (along with the University of Twente).[6] However, the universities themselves were not considered targets of the criminal investigation.[7] Several software companies were also raided.[5] "The Customs Service said it had singled out DrinkOrDie because it was considered one of the most sophisticated of the rings operating within a loose, global network."[4] The DrinkOrDie site, where non-free software could be downloaded for free, was shut down the following day.[4] However, Farhad Manjoo wrote in a Wired magazine article that others were puzzled why the group was targeted; Manjoo characterized them as "small potatoes in the world of software theft", while an anonymous Australian infringer was quoted as saying, "they aren't the first to come to mind when you think to yourself 'who's the big deal in the scene?'"[8] Around 70[2] search warrants were served and 150[4] computers were seized for analysis. Raids were also conducted in Canada, Britain, Australia, Finland, Norway and Sweden.[3][9] Other groups investigated in the operation were warez groups such as RiSC, RAZOR1911, RequestToSend (RTS), ShadowRealm (SRM), WeLoveWarez (WLW) and POPZ.[17] Related law enforcement actions include: Operation Fastlink, Operation Gridlock, Operation D-Elite and Operation Site Down. Quotations"This investigation underscores the severity and scope of a multibillion-dollar software swindle over the Internet, as well as the vulnerabilities of this technology to outside attack." — Robert C. Bonner, commissioner of the Customs Service "Our targets are not your stereotypical teenage hacker." — Customs assistant commissioner John Varrone "This is not a sport. This is a serious crime. These people should do some hard time."[10] — Commerce undersecretary Phil Bond "Software piracy undermines the stability of the burgeoning e-commerce industry and it is a direct threat to innovative companies that help strengthen the U.S. economy." — Deputy U.S. Treasury Secretary Kenneth Dam "This investigation only assist the multibillion-dollar companies to swindle you, the avid consumer, as well as the vulnerable people that deem information should be free, sure we would like people to buy the games they test play, but it doesn't happen because people have to pay #$ a gallon for gas and shit. Technology is to be used for the good of all, not some fat ass company man who doesn't know the first thing from a rar to a iso...... Gravy is awful good." — buj, Member of razor 1911 Felony convictionsAs of October 2002, 17[11] people have been convicted of felonies in the United States, with 13 given federal prison terms of up to 46 months.[1] In addition, Australian resident Hew Raymond Griffiths, the self-admitted leader of DrinkorDie,[12] fought extradition to the United States for almost three years, but eventually lost and was sentenced to 51 months, though he was credited for the time served in an Australian jail. In the United Kingdom, six were formally charged.[13] In May 2005, some DrinkorDie members were the first to be sentenced in the United Kingdom as a result of Operation Buccaneer.[14] Raid locations
References1. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.cybercrime.gov/ob/OBMain.htm |title=Operation Buccaneer: Overview |publisher=Computer Crime & Intellectual Property Section, United States Department of Justice |accessdate=January 1, 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111230045615/http://www.cybercrime.gov/ob/OBMain.htm |archivedate=December 30, 2011 |df= }} [17]2. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.usdoj.gov/criminal/cybercrime/ob/OBinvest.htm |title=Operation Buccaneer: The Investigation |publisher=Computer Crime & Intellectual Property Section, United States Department of Justice |accessdate=January 1, 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090416045739/http://www.usdoj.gov/criminal/cybercrime/ob/OBinvest.htm |archivedate=April 16, 2009 |df= }} 3. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2001/computerpiracy.html |title=MIT cooperating in six-nation computer piracy raid |publisher=MIT News |date=December 12, 2001 |accessdate=January 2, 2012}} 4. ^1 2 3 {{cite news |title=Internet Piracy Is Suspected as U.S. Agents Raid Campuses |author=Philip Shenon |newspaper=The New York Times |date=December 12, 2001 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2001/12/12/technology/12PIRA.html?pagewanted=2}} 5. ^1 {{cite news |title=U.S. Expands Investigation Into Piracy of Software |author=Philip Shenon |newspaper=The New York Times |date=December 19, 2001 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2001/12/19/technology/19PIRA.html}} 6. ^{{cite web |url=http://news.cnet.com/2100-1023-277226.html |title=FBI raids cripple software pirates |author=Robert Lemos |publisher=CNET |date=December 19, 2001 |accessdate=January 5, 2012}} 7. ^{{cite news |title=U.S. seizes computers in software piracy raids |author=Greg Farrell |newspaper=USA Today |date=December 12, 2001 |url=https://www.usatoday.com/life/cyber/tech/2001/12/11/software-piracy.htm}} 8. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.wired.com/science/discoveries/news/2001/12/49096 |title=Were DrinkOrDie Raids Overkill? |author=Farhad Manjoo |publisher=Wired magazine |date=December 13, 2001 |accessdate=January 5, 2012}} 9. ^{{cite web |url=http://news.cnet.com/2100-1023-277295.html |title=Dutch university targeted in piracy raids |author=Jasper Koning |publisher=CNET |date=December 20, 2001 |accessdate=January 2, 2012}} 10. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.wired.com/politics/law/news/2001/12/49026 |title=Feds Zero In on Piracy Ring |publisher=Associated Press |date=December 11, 2001 |accessdate=January 5, 2012}} 11. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.cybercrime.gov/ob/Dchart.htm |title=Operation Buccaneer: Defendants |publisher=Computer Crime & Intellectual Property Section, United States Department of Justice |accessdate=January 1, 2012}} 12. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.abc.net.au/lateline/content/2007/s2229993.htm |title=Elder of internet piracy talks to Lateline |publisher=Australian Broadcasting Corporation |date=April 29, 2008 |accessdate=January 2, 2012}} 13. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.cybercrime.gov/Pattanay.htm |title=Member of "DrinkOrDie" Warez Group Sentenced to 41 Months |publisher=United States Attorney (Eastern District of Virginia) Paul J. McNultey, U.S. Department of Justice |date=July 2, 2002 |accessdate=January 1, 2012}} 14. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.computerweekly.com/opinion/Cybercrime-fight-under-funded-as-millions-wasted-on-software-piracy-convictions |title=Cybercrime fight under-funded as millions 'wasted' on software piracy convictions |author=Peter Sommer |publisher=Computer Weekly |date=May 19, 2005 |accessdate=January 2, 2012}} 15. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.cybercrime.gov/sankusSent.htm |title=Warez Leader Sentenced to 46 Months |publisher=United States Attorney (Eastern District of Virginia) Paul J. McNultey, U.S. Department of Justice |date=May 17, 2002 |accessdate=January 2, 2012}} 16. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.computerweekly.com/news/2240047150/Software-piracy-group-member-gets-33-months-in-prison |title=Software piracy group member gets 33 months in prison |publisher=Computer Weekly magazine |date=August 21, 2002 |accessdate=January 2, 2012}} 17. ^1 {{cite web |title=Operation Buccaneer |author=US Department of Justice |url=http://www.cybercrime.gov/ob/OBMain.htm |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722172136/http://www.cybercrime.gov/ob/OBMain.htm |archivedate=2011-07-22 }} }} External links
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