“Orange Coast College”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Orange Coast College (OCC) is a public community college in Costa Mesa in Orange County, California. It was founded in 1947, with its first classes opening in the fall of 1948. It provides Associate of Art and Associate of Science degrees, certificates of achievement, and lower-division classes transferable to other colleges and universities. The school enrolls approximately 24,000 undergraduate students. In terms of population size, Orange Coast College is the third largest college in Orange County.

History

Orange Coast College was formed after local voters passed a measure in the January 1947 election to establish a new junior college on a {{convert|243|acre|km2|adj=on}} site, secured from the War Assets Administration in Washington, D.C, and part of the {{convert|1300|acre|km2|adj=on}} deactivated Santa Ana Army Air Base.^[3]

The first official District board of trustees hired the college's founding president and district superintendent, Basil Hyrum Peterson, on July 28, 1947. Construction of campus classrooms and facilities began when Dr. Peterson hired Fran Albers as the college's carpenter in February 1948. Albers' crew of 35 workers (mostly Coast football players paid 60 cents an hour) turned an Army movie theatre into an auditorium and concert hall; a service club into a 500-seat gymnasium; an Army chapel into a facility for theatre productions and student/staff weddings; a military storage building into a library; an Army PX into a student center; a battalion headquarters building into an administration building; and several cadet barracks into student dormitories and married student and faculty housing.^[4]

The first campus building phase occurred in the early 1950s, when renowned architect Richard Neutra was brought in to re-design the campus. Leaving many of the original buildings intact, Neutra added several modernist structures including the strikingly minimalist Campus Theater and two large lecture halls. These were laid out on a 45-degree angle to the city street grid, in much the same manner as The Parkinsons' layout of USC. The second and largest building phase occurred in the 1970s, when local architect William Blurock was hired to replace many of the original Army buildings with structures more suitable for educational purposes.

In December 2002, Rabbit Island,^[5]^[6] a {{convert|38|acre|m2|adj=on}} island located in the North Gulf Islands of the Georgia Strait {{convert|50|mi|km}} west of the city of Vancouver in British Columbia, Canada, was donated to the Orange Coast College Foundation. Since then the OCC Foundation, using funds designated for the Orange Coast College School of Sailing & Seamanship, has refurbished the facilities on the island, made significant capital improvements, and has helped fund the use of the island as a field station to teach summer classes in Island Ecology, Biological Diversity, Vertebrate Biology, Intertidal Ecology, kayaking, and photography. It is now referred to as "Wheeler Station" at Rabbit Island (in honor of the donor, Henry Wheeler). OCC marine science and biology instructors have used the island to conduct research on species diversity, standing stock, species distribution, and oceanography. Plans were underway to find separate funding for the island outside of OCC. Possible funding sources included the National Science Foundation, rental of the island facilities to Canadians, funding from the Associated Students of OCC (ASOCC), and through other foundation grants and private donations. In March 2007, the Orange Coast College Foundation Board of Directors voted to sell the island after determining that keeping and maintaining it was unfeasible. As of July 2007, the island was in talks to be sold to a private party for 2.41 million dollars.^[7] However, the sale did not materialize and the island was sold in March 2008 to a privately held Canadian corporation for 2.19 million dollars.^[8]

In 2015, a plan is in effect to remove the early Neutra buildings in the center of the campus and open up a large central park around which both the outlying 1970s buildings and several newer buildings will be clustered.^[9]

2016 recording controversy

In November 2016, an OCC student recorded a lecture by a professor of human sexuality, violating the school's Student Code of Conduct and California Education Code. In the lecture, the professor criticized President Donald Trump and Vice-President Mike Pence, calling their election "an act of terrorism" against members of the LGBTQ community. The student shared the illegal recording with a student club on campus, which then posted it on their public Facebook page. The video promptly went viral, sparking backlash and death threats against the professor.^[10]

After an investigation, the student was suspended for one semester, and required to write an essay and apologize to the professor. After public outcry, the punishment was overturned in a special meeting of the Coast Community College District Board of Trustees, in the interest of bringing "closure to a chain of events that has led to the distress for many, most especially, an OCC teacher and student."

In 2017, the professor was awarded the Faculty of the Year award by her peers.^[11]

Organization and admissions

The college is one of three in the Coast Community College District, a regional organization providing administrative services and funding for post-secondary education. The district is chartered by the state of California to provide community college services.

The mission of OCC is to provide inexpensive education in the trades, licensed trades and skilled professions, as well as remedial and transferable lower-division courses for students who plan to transfer to either a California State University or University of California campus.

Orange Coast College is one of the top transfer institutions in the country. OCC ranks third across California for combined UC and CSU transfers. The college ranks 65th out of more than 5,000 community colleges in the United States in awarding associate degrees.^[12]

For California residents, costs are $46 (recently raised from $20, mandated by the state) per unit.^[13] For non-residents, costs are about $150 per unit. A typical two-year program has 60 units. All students who are over 18 years of age and can benefit from the services at OCC, qualify for admission.

Academics

OCC is accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges, Accrediting Commission for Community and Junior Colleges. It also has specialized accreditation by American Dental Association (Commission on Dental Accreditation), the American Dietetic Association (Commission on Accreditation for Dietetics Education), and the Joint Review Committee on Education in Radiologic Technology.^[14]

Student life

OCC has active clubs, competitive sport teams, and an involved Associated Student Body. However, the campus community is less social than a four-year institution because it is primarily a commuter college serving local people.

On-campus housing is not available, and local housing is expensive, approximately $1100 per month for a small single-bedroom apartment. Local rooms in houses rent for about $750 per month. The minimum wage of $9.00 per hour is about half of the income required to live in Costa Mesa.

Many changes have been going on at Orange Coast College. A new library was opened in January 2008, the Lewis Science Building was remodeled, and a Starbucks was built by the new Art Center. It is the only community college in Orange County that has its own Starbucks.

Construction on a new Math, Business and Computing Center is slated to be complete in the fall of 2015. Constructions projects scheduled to break ground in the near future include a 120-seat Planetarium, and an expanded Recycling Center. The recently remodeled student resource center, Watson Hall, contains:

Athletics

Orange Coast College sponsors 25 sports programs.^[15] The 12 men's sports programs are baseball, basketball, crew, cross country, football, golf, soccer, swimming, tennis, track and field, volleyball and water polo. The 13 women's programs are cheerleading/dance, basketball, beach volleyball, crew, cross country, golf, soccer, softball, swimming, tennis, track and field, volleyball and water polo.

The Los Angeles Chargers have held training camp and regular season practices at the campus facilities. ^[16] ^[17]

Coast Report

The Coast Report has been OCC's campus newspaper since 1948. The Coast Report currently distributes 5000 copies of their paper throughout the campus every week on Wednesdays. The Coast Report also maintains the Coast Report Online, which is an online version of the paper. The faculty adviser for the paper is Cathy Werblin.

Student body

OCC has a total enrollment of 24,783 students, of which 16,384 are degree seeking undergraduates.^[20] 97% of incoming students are drawn from California, and 3% are from out of state.^[21] 35% of students are part-time. As of fall 2007, the proportion of students with a B.A. or higher is 10%.^[22]

Noted people

References

1. ^As of June 30, 2009. {{Cite web| title = U.S. and Canadian Institutions Listed by Fiscal Year 2009 Endowment Market Value and Percentage Change in Endowment Market Value from FY 2008 to FY 2009| work = 2009 NACUBO-Commonfund Study of Endowments| publisher = National Association of College and University Business Officers| url = http://www.nacubo.org/Documents/research/2009_NCSE_Public_Tables_Endowment_Market_Values.pdf| format = PDF| accessdate = February 2, 2010| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171214124106/http://www.nacubo.org/Documents/research/2009_NCSE_Public_Tables_Endowment_Market_Values.pdf| archive-date = December 14, 2017| dead-url = yes| df = mdy-all}}
2. ^http://datamart.cccco.edu/Students/Enrollment_Status.aspx
3. ^{{cite web |last = Carnett |first = Jim |title = Orange Coast College Secures Its Campus 60 Years Ago This Month |url = http://www.orangecoastcollege.edu/about_occ/news/full+story.htm?id=12333 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110720024732/http://www.orangecoastcollege.edu/about_occ/news/full+story.htm?id=12333 |dead-url = yes |archive-date = 2011-07-20 |accessdate = 2009-01-04}}
4. ^{{cite web |last = Carnett |first = Jim |title = OCC Names Two Campus Buildings In Honor Of Charter Staff Members |url = http://www.orangecoastcollege.edu/about_occ/news/full+story.htm?id=9741 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110720024901/http://www.orangecoastcollege.edu/about_occ/news/full+story.htm?id=9741 |dead-url = yes |archive-date = 2011-07-20 |accessdate = 2009-01-04}}
5. ^{{cite news |first=Ashley |last=Powers |authorlink= |coauthors= |title=Island-owning college may decide to sell |url=http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-me-island18feb18,1,2910199,full.story?coll=la-default-underdog |work=Los Angeles Times |publisher= |date=February 18, 2007 |accessdate=2008-04-10 }}
6. ^Rabbit Island {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061018215056/http://www.dkatantarctic.com/RabbitIsland.html |date=2006-10-18 }}
7. ^{{cite news |first=Carmela |last=Ryan |authorlink= |coauthors= |title=Island Sale Nearly Done |url=http://www.coastreportonline.com/articles/2007/10/03/news/news28.txt |work=The Coast Report |publisher= |date=September 12, 2007 |accessdate=2008-04-10 }}{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
8. ^{{cite news |first=Lisa |last=Hosboyar |authorlink= |coauthors= |title=Rabbit Island is Sold |url=http://www.coastreportonline.com/articles/2008/04/09/news/news22.txt |work=The Coast Report |publisher= |date=March 5, 2008 |accessdate=2008-04-10 }}{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
9. ^{{cite news|last1=Hodgins|first1=Paul|title=Design 'gems' on a cramped campus|url=http://www.ocregister.com/articles/neutra-671350-buildings-occ.html|accessdate=2015-07-16|work=The Orange County Register|date=July 12, 2015|pages=News 1, 7}}
10. ^{{cite web | last = Recalde-Martinez | first = Joshua | title = Orange Coast College Teacher Call Trump Supporters Terrorist | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C5wUAaIdF6c | accessdate = 2017-07-09 }}
11. ^{{cite news |first=Priscella |last=Vega |url=http://www.latimes.com/socal/daily-pilot/news/tn-dpt-me-0323-occ-faculty-award-20170322-story.html | work=The Los Angeles Times |date=March 22, 2017 |accessdate=2017-07-09 | title=OCC professor who made anti-Trump comments declines Faculty of the Year award}}
12. ^{{cite news |first=Jim |last=Carnett |authorlink= |coauthors= |title=OCC students shine in their endeavors |url=http://www.dailypilot.com/articles/2007/08/05/education/dpt-oncampus05.txt |work=Daily Pilot |publisher= |date= |accessdate=2008-04-09 }}
13. ^{{cite web |url=http://www2.orangecoastcollege.edu/enrollment/registration/Fees.htm |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2012-10-24 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110808153421/http://www.orangecoastcollege.edu/enrollment/registration/Fees.htm |archivedate=2011-08-08 |df= }}
14. ^Institute of Education Sciences, US Department of Education web site
15. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.occpirateathletics.com/landing/index|title=OCC Pirates Athletics|publisher=occpirateathletics.com|accessdate=2018-01-25}}
16. ^https://www.ocregister.com/2017/06/22/chargers-first-training-camp-in-costa-mesa-will-start-july-30/
17. ^https://www.chargers.com/photos/los-angeles-chargers-prep-bengals-12-05-2018
18. ^{{cite web|url=http://collegesearch.collegeboard.com/search/CollegeDetail.jsp?match=true&collegeId=2901&searchType=college&type=qfs&word=orange%20coast%20college|title=Occ at a glance|publisher=College Board |accessdate=2009-06-014}}
19. ^{{cite web |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/DTTable?_bm=y&-context=dt&-ds_name=ACS_2006_EST_G00_&-CONTEXT=dt&-mt_name=ACS_2006_EST_G2000_B02001&-tree_id=306&-redoLog=false&-currentselections=ACS_2006_EST_G2000_B02001&-currentselections=ACS_2006_EST_G2000_B02003&-currentselections=ACS_2006_EST_G2000_C02003&-geo_id=01000US&-geo_id=02000US1&-geo_id=02000US2&-geo_id=02000US3&-geo_id=02000US4&-search_results=01000US&-format=&-_lang=en |title=B02001. RACE - Universe: TOTAL POPULATION |work=2006 American Community Survey |accessdate=2008-01-30 |publisher=United States Census Bureau}}
20. ^{{cite web| url=http://collegesearch.collegeboard.com/search/CollegeDetail.jsp?match=true&collegeId=2901&searchType=college&type=qfs&word=orange%20coast%20college |title=Orange Coast College at a glance| publisher=Collegeboard |accessdate=2009-06-18}}
21. ^{{cite web| url=http://collegesearch.collegeboard.com/search/CollegeDetail.jsp?match=true&collegeId=2901&searchType=college&type=qfs&word=orange%20coast%20college| title=OCC at a glance |publisher=College Board| accessdate=2009-06-18}}
22. ^{{cite web| url= http://www.orangecoastcollege.edu/NR/rdonlyres/71066AEF-9C7E-44C7-AAAF-404CF19D09C5/0/OCCAtlas20072008_Introduction.pdf| title= Orange Coast College Atlas| publisher= Orange Coast College| accessdate= 2011-10-28| deadurl= yes| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20120403174804/http://www.orangecoastcollege.edu/NR/rdonlyres/71066AEF-9C7E-44C7-AAAF-404CF19D09C5/0/OCCAtlas20072008_Introduction.pdf| archivedate= 2012-04-03| df= }}
23. ^{{cite web|title=Tiki Ghosn UFC Bio|url=http://www.ufc.com/fighter/Tiki-Ghosn|accessdate=2014}}
24. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.databasefootball.com/players/playerpage.htm?ilkid=JACKSCHR01 |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2013-02-24 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130529032937/http://www.databasefootball.com/players/playerpage.htm?ilkid=JACKSCHR01 |archivedate=2013-05-29 |df= }}
25. ^{{Cite web | title = Men's Volleyball Athlete Profile - Casey Jennings | work = www.byucougars.com | publisher = Brigham Young University | url = http://www.byucougars.com/Profile.jsp?ID=1340| accessdate =January 15, 2010}}
26. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.databasefootball.com/players/playerpage.htm?ilkid=LIVINCLI01 |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2013-02-24 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130408063913/http://databasefootball.com/players/playerpage.htm?ilkid=LIVINCLI01 |archivedate=2013-04-08 |df= }}
27. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.databasefootball.com/players/playerpage.htm?ilkid=RICARBEN01 |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2013-02-24 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130529041140/http://www.databasefootball.com/players/playerpage.htm?ilkid=RICARBEN01 |archivedate=2013-05-29 |df= }}
28. ^{{cite web|title=Francisco Rivera OCC Alumni|url=http://www.ufconfoxtel.com/news/news-archive/1085-francisco-rivera-don-t-blink|accessdate=2014}}
29. ^{{cite web|title=Francisco Rivera UFC Profile|url=http://www.ufc.com/fighter/Francisco-Rivera|accessdate=2014}}
30. ^http://www.oxyathletics.com/sports/fball/archives/rosters/1954rosters