| 词条 | Allium siculum |
| 释义 |
|name =Honey garlic |taxon = Allium siculum |image = Allium_siculum_in_bloom.jpg |image_caption = Allium siculum |image2= Allium_siculum_foliage.jpg |image2_caption = Allium siculum foliage |authority = Ucria |synonyms={{collapsible list|bullets = true |title=Synonymy |Allium bulgaricum (Janka) Prodán |Nectaroscordum siculum (Ucria) Lindl. |Nothoscordum siculum (Ucria) auct., published anonymously |Trigonea sicula (Ucria) Parl. |Nectaroscordum bulgaricum Janka |Allium meliophilum Juz. |Nectaroscordum meliophilum (Juz.) Stank. |Allium dioscoridis Sm. |Nectaroscordum dioscoridis (Sm.) Stankov }} |synonyms_ref= [1][1][2] }}Allium siculum, known as honey garlic,[3] Sicilian honey lily, Sicilian honey garlic, or Mediterranean bells, is a European and Turkish species of plants genus Allium. It is native to the regions around the Mediterranean and Black Seas, and grown in other regions as an ornamental and as a culinary herb.[4] Habitat and DescriptionAllium siculum is native to Turkey, Crimea, Greece, Bulgaria, Romania, southern France including Corsica, and Italy (Basilicata, Abruzzo, Umbria, Toscana, Sicily, Sardinia),[5] growing in damp, shady woods. It has showy clusters of gracefully drooping bell-shaped blossoms produced in May to early June sitting atop a tall green stem, to 1.2 m in height. The florets (blossoms), suspended on long drooping pedicels, are cream colored with a maroon streak down each petal, have white flared tips, and are tinted green at the base. The blossoms are followed by decorative, erect seed pods in late summer. The blue-gray foliage is triangular in cross-section and strongly twisting along the length of the ascending leaves.[6][7] A penetrating, skunky odor is released when the plant is cut. TaxonomyAllium siculum is a member of a small subgenus Nectaroscordum of Allium, which consists of only this species and Allium tripedale.[8]
UsesSaid to be resistant to deer and other herbivores, Allium siculum is used as a seasoning in Bulgaria {{citation needed|date=July 2013}}. It is also planted in flower gardens because of the showy, drooping blossoms and unusual twisted foliage. PropertiesWhen Allium siculum is crushed, it gives off a chemical that makes the eyes water, similar to chopping onions. The lachrymatory agent (Z)-butanethial S-oxide, along with several 1-butenyl thiosulfinates are detected by mass spectrometry using a DART ion source. (Z)-Butanethial S-oxide (the higher homolog of syn-propanethial-S-oxide, the onion lachrymatory agent) isolated from the plant was shown to be identical to a synthetic sample. The precursor to the lachrymatory compound, (RS,RC)-(E)-S-(1-butenyl) cysteine S-oxide (homoisoalliin), was isolated from homogenates of A. siculum, and a closely related species, Allium tripedale, and fully characterized.[9][10] References1. ^Plant List, Allium siculum {{Taxonbar|from=Q2291021}}2. ^{{ cite journal |author1=Kubec, R. |author2=Kim, S. |author3=McKeon, D. M. |author4=Musah, R. A. | year = 2002 | title = Isolation of S-butylcysteine sulfoxide and six butyl-containing thiosulfinates from Allium siculum | journal = Journal of Natural Products Chemistry | volume = 65 | pages = 960–964 | doi = 10.1021/np020064i }} 3. ^{{cite web|title=BSBI List 2007 |publisher=Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland |url=http://www.bsbi.org.uk/BSBIList2007.xls |format=xls |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6VqJ46atN?url=http://www.bsbi.org.uk/BSBIList2007.xls |archive-date=2015-01-25 |accessdate=2014-10-17 |deadurl=yes |df= }} 4. ^1 2 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 5. ^Altervista Flora Italiana, Aglio della Sicilia, Allium siculum 6. ^{{ cite web | url = http://www.pacificbulbsociety.org/pbswiki/index.php/AlliumSpeciesFour | title = Allium Species Four | publisher = Pacific Bulb Society }} 7. ^{{ cite web | url = http://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselector/plant?plantid=1320 | title = Nectaroscordum siculum | publisher = Royal Horticultural Society }} 8. ^{{ cite journal | author1 = Friesen, N. | author2 = Fritsch, R. M. | author3 = Blattner, F. R. | title = Phylogeny and new intrageneric classification of Allium (Alliaceae) based on nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS sequences | journal = Aliso | year = 2006 | volume = 22 | pages = 372–395 | url = http://greif.uni-greifswald.de/floragreif/floragreif-content/misc/Friesen_2006_Aliso_Allium.pdf | format = pdf | access-date = 2012-04-04 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130226054741/http://greif.uni-greifswald.de/floragreif/floragreif-content/misc/Friesen_2006_Aliso_Allium.pdf | archive-date = 2013-02-26 | dead-url = yes | df = }} 9. ^{{ cite book | author = Block, E. | title = Garlic and Other Alliums: The Lore and the Science | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=6AB89RHV9ucC&printsec=frontcover | publisher = Royal Society of Chemistry | year = 2010 | isbn = 0854041907 }} 10. ^{{ cite journal |author1=Kubec, R. |author2=Cody, R. B. |author3=Dane, A. J. |author4=Musah, R. A. |author5=Schraml, J. |author6=Vattekkatte, A. |author7=Block, E. | year = 2010 | title = Applications of DART Mass Spectrometry in Allium Chemistry. (Z)-Butanethial S-Oxide and 1-Butenyl Thiosulfinates and their S-(E)-1-Butenylcysteine S-Oxide Precursor from Allium siculum |journal = Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry | volume = 58 | issue = 2 | pages = 1121–1128 | doi = 10.1021/jf903733e | pmid = 20047275 }} 5 : Allium|Herbs|Edible plants|Flora of Europe|Garden plants of Europe |
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