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词条 Order of the Sacred Treasure
释义

  1. Classes

  2. Insignia

  3. After the 2003 reform

  4. Selected recipients

     1st class, Grand Cordon  2nd class, Gold and Silver Star  3rd class, Gold Rays with Neck Ribbon  4th class, Gold Rays with Rosette  5th class, Gold and Silver Rays  6th class, Silver Rays  7th class: abolished  8th class: abolished  General Class 

  5. Gallery

  6. See also

  7. References

  8. Sources

  9. External links

{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2016}}{{Infobox order
|title = Order of the Sacred Treasure
瑞宝章
|image =
|caption = Star of the Order of the Sacred Treasure
|awarded_by = the Emperor of Japan
|type = Order
|day =
|eligibility =
|for = Long and/or meritorious civil or military service
|status = Currently constituted
|head_title = Sovereign
|head = His Imperial Majesty
The Emperor
|chancellor =
|commander =
|grades = 1st through 8th Class (1888–2003)
Since 2003:
Grand Cordon
Gold and Silver Star (Rays, Principal Grade)
Gold Rays with Neck Ribbon (Cordon, Middle Grade)
Gold Rays with Rosette (Cordon, Junior Grade)
Gold and Silver Rays (Double Rays)
Silver Rays (Single Ray)
|date = 4 January 1888
|first_induction =
|last_induction =
|total =
|recipients =
|individual =
|higher = Order of the Rising Sun
|lower = Order of Culture
|image2 =
|caption2 = Ribbon of the Order of the Sacred Treasure – new type
}}

The {{Nihongo|Order of the Sacred Treasure|瑞宝章|Zuihō-shō}} is a Japanese order, established on 4 January 1888 by Emperor Meiji as the Order of Meiji. Originally awarded in eight classes (from 8th to 1st, in ascending order of importance), since 2003 it has been awarded in six classes, the lowest two medals being abolished that year. The most widely conferred Japanese order, it is awarded to those who have made distinguished achievements in research fields, business industries, healthcare, social work, state/local government fields or the improvement of life for handicapped/impaired persons.[1]

Originally a male-only decoration, the order has been made available to women since 1919; it is awarded for both civil and military merit, though of a lesser degree than that required for the conferment of the Order of the Rising Sun.

Classes

The Order can be awarded in any of six classes. Conventionally, a diploma is prepared to accompany the insignia of the order, and in some rare instances, the personal signature of the emperor will have been added. As an illustration of the wording of the text, a translation of a representative 1929 diploma says:

"By the grace of Heaven, Emperor of Japan, seated on the throne occupied by the same dynasty from time immemorial,

We confer the Second Class of the Imperial Order of Meiji upon Henry Waters Taft, a citizen of the United States of America and a director of the Japan Society of New York, and invest him with the insignia of the same class of the Order of the Double Rays of the Rising Sun, in expression of the good will which we entertain towards him.

"In witness whereof, we have hereunto set our hand and caused the Grand Seal of State to be affixed at the Imperial Palace, Tokyo, this thirteenth day of the fifth month of the fourth year of Shōwa, corresponding to the 2,589th year from the accession to the throne of Emperor Jimmu."[2]

Insignia

{{Unreferenced section|date=July 2014}}

The insignia of the order incorporates symbols for the three imperial treasures: the Yata Mirror, so sacred that not even the Emperor is allowed to look at it; the Yasakani Jewel, which is made of the finest jade; and the Emperor's personal sword.

The star for the Grand Cordon and Second Class is similar to the badge as described above, but effectively with two sets of Maltese crosses, one in gilt and one placed diagonally in silver. It is worn on the left chest by the Grand Cordon, on the right chest (without any other insignia) by the 2nd class.

The badge for the first through sixth classes is a Maltese cross, in gilt (1st–4th classes), gilt and silver (5th class) and silver (6th class), with white enameled rays (representing the sword). The central disc is blue, bearing an eight-pointed silver star (representing the mirror), surrounded by a wreath with red-enameled dots (representing the jewel). The badge is suspended on a ribbon, worn as a sash on the right shoulder by the Grand Cordon, as a necklet by males of the 2nd and 3rd classes, on the left chest (the ribbon folded into a triangle) by the 4th to 6th classes (with a rosette for the 4th class). For females of the 2nd to 6th classes, the ribbon is a bow worn on the left shoulder (with a rosette for the 4th class).

Until 2003, when it was abolished, the badge of the seventh and eighth classes was an eight-pointed silver medal, partially gilded for the 7th class, with representations of just the mirror and the jewel. The badge is suspended on a ribbon, worn by men on the left chest (the ribbon folded into a triangle). For women, the ribbon is a bow worn on the left shoulder.

Until 2003, the ribbon of the order was very pale blue with a gold stripe near the borders; since then the ribbon has been light blue, but retains the gold stripe near the borders. When the ribbon is worn alone, the ribbon for the Fourth Class and above incorporates a blue-and-gold rosette (very pale blue until 2003), with a solid gold bar for the Grand Cordon, a gold and silver bar for the Second Class, a solid silver bar for the Third Class and only the rosette for the Fourth Class. The ribbon for the Fifth and Sixth Classes has a centered blue disc (very pale blue until 2003) with gold rays radiating from its center, eight rays for the Fifth Class and six rays for the Sixth Class. Formerly, the ribbon for the Seventh and Eighth Classes had a centered very pale blue disc with gold rays radiating from its center, four rays for the Seventh Class and three rays for the Eighth Class.

Ribbons of the Order of the Sacred Treasure
1888–20032003–present
Grand Cordon
Second Class, Gold and Silver Star
Third Class, Gold Rays with Neck Ribbon
Fourth Class, Gold Rays with Rosette
Fifth Class, Gold and Silver Rays
Sixth Class, Silver Rays
Seventh Class, Medal (abolished 2003)
Eighth Class, Medal (abolished 2003)
General ribbon of the order

After the 2003 reform

In 2003 the lowest two classes of the Order were abolished. Moreover, the badges of the Order will from now on be suspended from three white-enamelled paulownia leaves (not chrysanthemum leaves as the Decoration Bureau page claims). {{citation needed|date=July 2014}}

Selected recipients

{{dynamic list}}

1st class, Grand Cordon

{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
  • Otto Abetz {{When|date=July 2014}}[3]
  • Sir Charles Alexander Anderson awarded 1921[4]
  • James Burrill Angell, awarded 1909[4]
  • Isoroku Yamamoto {{When|date=March 2015}} Date unknown, Is pictured wearing it but unknown date of origin.
  • Abdullah Ahmad Badawi, awarded 1981[5]
  • Emilio Álvarez Montalván, awarded 2003 {{Citation needed|date=July 2014}}
  • Daniel Boorstin, awarded 1986[6]
  • Avery Brundage {{When|date=July 2014}}[7]
  • Sir Hugh Cortazzi, awarded 1995[8]
  • Takuma Dan, awarded 1932[9]
  • Henry Willard Denison {{When|date=July 2014}}[10]
  • Milton Friedman, awarded 1986[3]
  • Admiral Albert Gleaves, awarded 1920[11]
  • Chushiro Hayashi, awarded 1994[12]
  • Daniel Hays, awarded 2000[3]
  • Prof. Pieter van Vollenhoven
  • Princess Soamsawali of Thailand
  • Norio Ohga, awarded 2001[13]
  • James McNaughton Hester, awarded 1981[14]
  • Kiyoshi Sumiya, awarded 1998[15]
  • Masaru Ibuka (1908–1997) {{When|date=July 2014}}[16]
  • Umezawa Michiharu, awarded 1914[17]
  • Kokichi Mikimoto, awarded 1954[3]
  • Akio Morita, awarded 1991[18]
  • Nakamura Utaemon VI, awarded 1996[19]
  • Henry Francis Oliver (1865–1965), awarded 1917[20]
  • Radhabinod Pal, awarded 1966 {{Citation needed|date=July 2014}}
  • Peter Parker, awarded 1991[21]
  • Sir Julian Ridsdale (1915–2004), awarded 1967 and 1990[22]
  • Shoichiro Toyoda, awarded 1995[23]
  • Hugh Trenchard, awarded 1921[24]
{{div col end}}

2nd class, Gold and Silver Star

{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
  • Hirotugu Akaike, awarded 2006[25]
  • Herbert W. Armstrong (1892–1986)[3] {{When|date=July 2014}}
  • Hans Hermann Baerwald, awarded 1989 {{Citation needed|date=July 2014}}
  • James Molesworth Blair {{When|date=July 2014}}[26]
  • Mary Griggs Burke (1916–2012), awarded 1987[27]
  • W. Edwards Deming (1900–1993), awarded 1960[28]
  • Tomio Fukuoka (2008)[29]
  • James Harold Elmsley (1859–1921)[26]
  • Bonner Fellers, awarded 1971[30]
  • Ted Fujita (1920–1998)[31]
  • Fr. Hermann Heuvers S.J., awarded 1969 {{Citation needed|date=July 2014}}
  • Kaoru Ishikawa (1915–1989)[32]
  • Joseph M. Juran (1904–2008)[33] {{When|date=July 2014}}
  • Yuet Keung Kan (1913–2012), awarded 1983[34]
  • Shahin Lauritzen, awarded 1999 {{Citation needed|date=July 2014}}
  • Bernard Leach (1887–1979)[35] {{When|date=July 2014}}
  • Edward S. Morse (1838-1925), awarded in 1922
  • Richard W. Pound, awarded 1998[36]
  • Johannis de Rijke, awarded 1903[37]
  • Sakıp Sabancı (1993–2004), awarded 1992[38]
  • Jacob Schiff (1847–1920), awarded 1905[39]
  • Henry W. Taft (1859–1945)[2]
  • Thomas Corwin Mendenhall, awarded in 1911{{When|date=July 2014}}
  • Ichimatsu Tanaka (1895–1983)[40]
  • Akira Toriyama (1898–1994), awarded 1971[41]
  • Wilfred Chomatsu Tsukiyama (1897-1966), awarded in 1963.[42]
  • Eugene P. Wilkinson[43] {{When|date=July 2014}}
{{div col end}}
  • Yoshimasa Hirata (1915–2000), awarded 1987
  • Langdon Warner (1881-1955), awarded 1955
  • Momofuku Ando(1910-2007), awarded in 1982

3rd class, Gold Rays with Neck Ribbon

{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
  • John Batchelor D.D., OBE (1855–1944) Archdeacon of an Anglican Communion in Hokkaido[44] awarded in 1933
  • Khalid Jerjes, awarded 2017, Consulting Lawyer of the Embassy of Japan in Iraq[45]
  • The Rev. Stuart D. B. Picken (1942–2016), awarded 2007
  • Frank Shozo Baba (1915–2008) {{Citation needed|date=July 2014}}
  • Gheorghe Bagulescu (1886–1963) {{When|date=July 2014}} {{Who|date=July 2014}}
  • Delmer Myers Brown (1909–2011), awarded 1997[46]
  • George Bull (1929–2001) {{When|date=July 2014}} {{Citation needed|date=July 2014}}
  • Edoardo Chiossone (1833–98) {{When|date=July 2014}} {{Citation needed|date=July 2014}}
  • Dettmar Cramer (1925–2015), awarded September 1971
  • Sir Frank Gill (1866–1950) awarded 1930[47]
  • Robert Günther, awarded 1929[48]
  • Günther Gumprich[49] {{When|date=July 2014}}
  • Captain Arthur Hawkins (USN) {{When|date=July 2014}} {{Citation needed|date=July 2014}}
  • Col. William F. Hebert (1928–2008), awarded 1970
  • Col. Vernon J Henderson (USAF) (1922–2008), awarded 1970 {{Citation needed|date=July 2014}}
  • Samuel Hill, 1922[50]
  • Frederick J. Horne, awarded 1919[51]
  • Akira Ifukube (1914–2006)[3] {{When|date=July 2014}}
  • Miles Wedderburn Lampson (1880–1964), awarded 1932[52]
  • Trevor Leggett (1914–2000)[53] {{When|date=July 2014}}
  • Masao Maruyama (1914–1996), awarded 1976[3]
  • Genzō Murakami, awarded 1981[3]
  • Toshiro Mifune, awarded 1993[54]
  • Tetsuya Noda, awarded 2015[55]
  • Isamu Noguchi (1904–1988), awarded 1988[56]
  • Thomas Noguchi, awarded 1999[57]
  • Keiko Ozato, awarded 2012[58]
  • John Curtis Perry, awarded 1991.[59]
  • Leonard Pronko, awarded 1986[3] {{When|date=July 2014}}
  • Eric Gascoigne Robinson (1882–1965)[3] {{When|date=July 2014}}
  • Paul Rusch (1897–1979), awarded 1956[60]
  • Munetsugu Satomi (1904–1996), Graphic Designer, awarded December 1974
  • William Schull, awarded 1992.
  • Tadahiro Sekimoto (1926–2007)[61] {{When|date=July 2014}}
  • Hiroko Sho, awarded 2006[62]
  • Akira Suzuki, awarded 2005[63]
  • Col. Fred Grant Swafford (1924–1996), awarded 1972
  • Herbert Cyril Thacker (1870–1953)[64] {{When|date=July 2014}}
  • Takeo Uesugi, awarded 2010[65]
  • Masanobu Tsuji (1902–1961), awarded 1942[66]
  • Bunei Tsunoda (1913–2008) {{When|date=July 2014}} {{Citation needed|date=July 2014}}
  • Charles E. Tuttle (1915–1993), awarded 1983[67]
  • Elizabeth Gray Vining (1902–1999), awarded 1950[68]
  • The Rt Rev Herbert Welch (1862–1969), awarded 1928
  • Arthur Young (1907–1979)[3] {{When|date=July 2014}}
  • Osamu Tezuka (1928–1989), awarded 1989
  • Captain John P. Brockley USN (1942 - ), awarded 1990 Commanding Officer NAF Atsugi[69]
  • Captain John Wallace Curtin Sr. USN (1944– ) awarded August 1994 Commanding Officer NAF Atsugi[69]
  • Captain Timothy Edwin Prendergast USN (1949– ) awarded August 1997 Commander Fleet Air, Western Pacific
  • Eiji Sasaki (1915-2007),[70] awarded April 29, 1998
  • Pieter Philippus Jansen (1902 - 1982) awarded September 11, 1964{{div col end}}

4th class, Gold Rays with Rosette

{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
  • Floyd Schmoe, awarded 1988[71]
  • Keiko Fukuda, awarded 1990[72]
  • John Gillett, awarded 1994
  • Beate Sirota Gordon, awarded 1998[73]
  • Herbert Keppler, awarded 2002[74]
  • Helmut Laumer, awarded 2002 {{Who|date=July 2014}} {{Citation needed|date=July 2014}}
  • Rofū Miki (1889–1964), awarded 1965[75]
  • Hidetaka Nishiyama, 2000, awarded 2000[76]
  • Junnosuke Ofusa (1908–1994), awarded 1982[77]
  • Agnes Mitsue Niyekawa (1924–2012), awarded 1998[78]
  • Chōshin Chibana, awarded 1968 {{Citation needed|date=July 2014}}
  • Richard Ponsonby-Fane (1878–1937), awarded 1921[79]
  • The Rev. Walter Weston, awarded 1937 {{Citation needed|date=August 2014}}
  • Shozo Sato, awarded 2004[80]
  • Oskar Ritter und Edler von Xylander {{When|date=July 2014}}[81]
  • Serizawa Keisuke (1895–1984)[82]
  • Ir Sukarno (1901–1970) {{Who|date=July 2014}} {{When|date=July 2014}}
  • Thomas Masuda (1906–1986) {{Who|date=July 2014}} {{When|date=July 2014}}
  • Masaru Funai, awarded 2001[83]
  • Masao Takahashi, awarded 2002[84]
  • The Rev. Jean-Baptist Gaschy (1875–1955), awarded 1954[85]
  • Mildred Ruth Brown, awarded 1988[86]
  • Andrew Tsubaki (1931–2009), awarded 2007[87]
  • Charlotte Burgis DeForest (1879-1973), awarded 1950
{{div col end}}

5th class, Gold and Silver Rays

{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
  • Kumaji Furuya (1899-1977), awarded 1968[88]
  • George Edward Luckman Gauntlett (1868–1956) {{When|date=July 2014}}[89]
  • Friedrich Hirzebruch, awarded 1996[90]
  • Mabel Francis (1880–1975), awarded 1962[91]
  • Chiura Obata (1885–1975) {{When|date=July 2014}}[92]
  • Yoshio Tamiya (1905–1988), awarded 1976[93]
  • Thomas Masuda (1906–1986) {{When|date=July 2014}}
  • John Mittwer (1907–1996), awarded 1977 {{Citation needed|date=July 2014}}
  • Alfred M Burke, awarded 2012 {{Citation needed|date=July 2014}}
  • Yoshio Senda, Hon. LL.D. (1922–2009), awarded 2008[94]
  • Fujitaro Kubota (1879–1973) {{When|date=July 2014}}[95]
  • Azalia Emma Peet (1887–1973), awarded 1953[96]
  • Hester Ferreira, awarded 1997[97]
  • Chiune Sugihara (1900-1986), awarded 1944 [98]
{{div col end}}

6th class, Silver Rays

  • Chozaburo Kusumoto, 1906
  • Hannah Riddell, (1855–1932) awarded 1924[99]
  • Mary Cornwall Legh (1857–1941), awarded 1939[100]
  • Ted Tsukiyama (1920-2019) awarded 2001[101]
  • His Majesty Ariki Tuheitia of New Zealand, awarded 2015{{citation needed|date=November 2016}}

7th class: abolished

While established with the original induction of the First 6 classes, Class 7 has never been issued or given an official designation or design.

Officially the Medal and its designation were abolished in 2003, there are no known recipients or issuances of this Medal in its original design from 1887.

8th class: abolished

While established with the original induction of the First 6 classes, Class 8 has never been issued or designated a design, like Class 7 Before it.

Officially the Medal and its designation were abolished in 2003, there are no known recipients or issuances of this Medal in its original design from 1887.

General Class

{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
  • Jackson Bailey, awarded 1988[3]
  • Faubion Bowers[102]
  • Ernesto Burzagli (1873–1944), awarded 1906[103]
  • Winfield Scott Chaplin (1847–1918), awarded 1882[104]
  • George Ramsay Cook, awarded 1994[3]
  • David Culver[3]
  • Dorothy DeLay[105]
  • Mamadou Diarra, awarded 1988 (Order with sunburst)[106] {{Who|date=July 2014}}
  • Robert Lawrence Eichelberger {{When|date=July 2014}}[107]
  • Yoshikawa Eiji, awarded 1962[108]
  • Anton Geesink[109]
  • John Whitney Hall {{When|date=July 2014}}[110]
  • Heinrich Hertz {{When|date=July 2014}}[3]
  • Marcel Junod, awarded 1961[3]
  • Takahira Kogoro (1854–1926) {{When|date=July 2014}}[111]
  • Kume Kunitake, awarded 1889[112]
  • Tokubei Kuroda (1886–1987), awarded 1939[3]
  • Tetsuko Kuroyanagi, awarded 2003[113]
  • Toshirō Mifune, awarded 1993 (Order with gold ribbon)[114]
  • Lawrence Olson, awarded 1987[115]
  • Fusakichi Omori, awarded 1928[116]
  • Jean-Jacques Origas, awarded 1998[3]
  • John Roderick, awarded 1985[117]
  • Renato Ruggiero[118] {{When|date=July 2014}}
  • Jack Seward, awarded 1986[119]
  • Edmund Charles Wyldbore Smith (1877–1938)[120]
  • Kenjiro Takayanagi, awarded 1989[121]
  • Eiji Tsuburaya, awarded 1970[122]
  • Yosh Uchida, awarded 1986. {{Citation needed|date=August 2013}}
  • Morihei Ueshiba (1883–1969)[3]
  • J.R. Wasson (1855–1913), awarded 1874[123]
  • Carmen Blacker (1924-2009)[124]
{{div col end}}

Gallery

See also

  • Order of the British Empire (UK)
  • National Order of Merit (France)
  • Order of Civil Merit (Spain)
  • Order of the Star of Italy
  • Order of Service Merit (ROK)
  • Order of the Crown of Thailand
  • Decoration of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria (Grand Decoration in Silver with Sash, in Silver with Star, in Silver, Decoration of Honour in Silver, Decoration of Merit in Silver, Silver Medal)
  • Order of Merit (Portugal)

References

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2. ^1 Honor awarded 1929 – [https://www.nytimes.com/1929/06/28/archives/japanese-emperor-honors-hw-taft-consulgeneral-gives-insignia-for.html?sq=Order+of+Meiji&scp=1&st=p "Japanese Emperor Honors H.W. Taft; Consul-General Gives Insignia for Fostering International Friendship. Diploma Also Presented; Brother of Chief Justice Receives Order of Rising Sun at Exercises Here,"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121005065135/http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F50811FC3A54167A93CAAB178DD85F4D8285F9&scp=1&sq=Order+of+Meiji&st=p |date=5 October 2012 }} New York Times, 28 June 1929.
3. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 {{cite web|title=L'Ordre du Trésor Sacré (The Order of the Sacred Treasure)|url=http://www.editions-harmattan.fr/index.asp?navig=catalogue&obj=article&no=8245|date=December 2007|work=L'Harmattan|language=French|accessdate=22 April 2009|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/66q1b95OZ?url=http://www.editions-harmattan.fr/index.asp?navig=catalogue|archivedate=11 April 2012|df=dmy-all}}
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16. ^Kirkup, James. [https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/obituary-masaru-ibuka-1290247.html Masaru Ibuka obituary] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815185052/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/obituary-masaru-ibuka-1290247.html |date=15 August 2017 }}, independent.co.uk, The Independent (London, UK), 22 December 1997; accessed 2 July 2014.
17. ^Umezawa Michiharu
18. ^{{cite web|title=Akio Morita: Biography|publisher=Sony Corporation of America|url=http://www.sony.com/SCA/press/morita_bio.shtml|date=3 October 1999|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121022154046/http://www.sony.com/SCA/press/morita_bio.shtml|archivedate=22 October 2012|df=dmy-all}}
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Sources

  • Peterson, James W., Barry C. Weaver and Michael A. Quigley. (2001). Orders and Medals of Japan and Associated States. San Ramon, California: Orders and Medals Society of America. {{ISBN|1-890974-09-9}}
  • Rossiter, Johnson, ed. (1904). The Twentieth Century Biographical Dictionary of Notable Americans, Vol. II. Boston: The Biographical Society.[https://books.google.com/books?id=MlEDAAAAYAAJ&dq=imperial+order+of+meiji ...Click link for digitized, full text copy of this book]
  • Kenkyusha's New Japanese-English Dictionary, Kenkyusha Limited, Tokyo 1991, {{ISBN|4-7674-2015-6}}

External links

{{Commonscatinline}}
  • Japan Mint: [https://web.archive.org/web/20130105120056/http://www.mint.go.jp/eng/operations/order/medalsofhonor.html Production Process]
{{Honors and decorations of Japan}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Order Of The Sacred Treasure}}

4 : Awards established in 1888|Orders, decorations, and medals of Japan|1888 establishments in Japan|Recipients of the Order of the Sacred Treasure
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