| 释义 |
- Orders
- Military and paramilitary decorations Unique medals and special degrees Military valor decorations Meritorious military decorations Military service decorations Military service medals Arm shields Military and paramilitary badges Army/{{lang|de|Waffen-SS}} war badges Naval war badges {{lang|de|Luftwaffe}} badges & other awards Foreign division awards
- See also
- Notes
- References
Awards and Decorations of Nazi Germany were military, political and civilian decorations that were bestowed between 1923 and 1945, first by the Nazi Party and later the state of Nazi Germany. The first awards began in the 1920s, before the Nazis had come to national power in Germany, with the political decorations worn on early Party uniforms. Most early Nazis also displayed awards they may have earned as soldiers and sailors during the First World War or before. After 1933, the state began issuing a variety of civilian decorations, which could be bestowed upon any citizen of Germany. Thus, some awards (such as Sports Badges) were bestowed on Nazi Party members, members of the German military, and regular civilians. Many standard awards of the German state, such as military and civil service long service decorations and life-saving medals, were redesigned to incorporate the Nazi symbol, the swastika. Nazi military awards are by far the most commonly recognised. Military long service decorations, awards for participation in the Spanish Civil War and medals for the annexation of Austria and the Sudetenland were among early awards, but the greatest number began to be bestowed in 1939 after the start of World War II in Europe. Regulations of award issuance also permitted the simultaneous wear of military, civilian, and political decorations on any military or para-military uniform of Nazi Germany, allowing for a wide variety of combinations in manner of wear and awards displayed. Nazi awards and decorations were discontinued after the defeat of Nazi Germany in 1945. After the end of World War II, new German military awards were created under the authority of the West German military and the East German communist regime. {{TOC limit}}Orders| Badge and ribbon | Name (English/German) | Creation date – Cessation date | Description | Number awarded | Star of the Grand Cross of the Iron Cross
Stern zum Großkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes | 1 September 1939 – 8 May 1945 | Intended to be awarded to the most successful German General/Field Marshal of the Second World War, once Greater Germany had achieved victory. | 0 | Grand Cross of the Iron Cross
Großkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes | 1 September 1939 – 8 May 1945 | Awarded to victorious Generals/Field Marshals of German forces and her allies. Hermann Göring was the only recipient of this award during the second world war after his part in the victory over Poland, France, Denmark, Norway and the Benelux nations. He was awarded this award on 19 July 1940. | 1 | Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Golden Oak Leaves, Swords and Diamonds
Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes mit goldenem Eichenlaub, Schwertern und Brillanten | 29 December 1944 – 8 May 1945 | To be awarded after the second world war to Greater Germany's 12 greatest war heroes. Adolf Hitler prematurely awarded Hans-Ulrich Rudel with the golden oak leaves for continuous outstanding achievements and heroism. | 1 | Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves, Swords and Diamonds
Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes mit Eichenlaub, Schwertern und Brillanten | 28 September 1941 – 8 May 1945 | Awarded for continuous bravery before the enemy or excellence in commanding troops after being awarded all preceding classes of the Knight's Cross/Iron Cross. | 27
| Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves and Swords
Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes mit Eichenlaub und Schwertern | 28 September 1941 – 8 May 1945 | Awarded for continuous bravery before the enemy or excellence in commanding troops after being awarded all preceding classes of the Knight's Cross/Iron Cross. | | (157 German,
1 Japanese,
2 Spaniards) {{fact>reason=no Spaniards were awarded the Swords to the KC|date=August 2015}} Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves
Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes mit Eichenlaub | 3 June 1940 – 8 May 1945 | Awarded for continuous bravery before the enemy or excellence in commanding troops after being awarded all preceding classes of the Knight's Cross/Iron Cross. | 890
(882 German,
8 Axis Allies) | Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross
Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes | 1 September 1939 – 8 May 1945 | Awarded for continuous bravery before the enemy or excellence in commanding troops after being awarded all preceding classes of the Iron Cross. | 7,318 | German Cross in Gold with Diamonds
Kriegsorden des Deutschen Kreuzes in Gold mit Brillanten | October 1942 – 8 May 1945 | To be awarded for continuous bravery before the enemy or excellence in commanding troops (having already being awarded the German Cross in Gold) but no awards were ever made. | 0 | German Cross in Gold
Kriegsorden des Deutschen Kreuzes in Gold | 28 September 1941 – 8 May 1945 | Awarded for continuous bravery before the enemy or excellence in commanding troops (not justifying the Knight’s Cross Of The Iron Cross but having already being awarded the Iron Cross 1st Class) | 24,204
(24,190 German,
14 Axis allies) | German Cross in Silver
Kriegsorden des Deutschen Kreuzes in Silber | 28 September 1941 – 8 May 1945 | Awarded for significant performances in aiding/supplying the military war effort. (Not justifying the Knight’s Cross of either the Iron Cross or the War Merit Cross but having already being awarded the Iron Cross 1st Class or War Merit Cross 1st Class with Swords) | 1,115 | Iron Cross (1st Class)
Eisernes Kreuz 1. Klasse | 1 September 1939 – 8 May 1945 | Awarded for continuous bravery before the enemy or excellence in commanding troops after being awarded the preceding class of the Iron Cross. | 730,000}} | Iron Cross (2nd Class)
Eisernes Kreuz 2. Klasse | 1 September 1939 – 8 May 1945 | Awarded for bravery before the enemy or excellence in commanding troops. | 4,750,000}} |
Military and paramilitary decorationsThese were awards and medals were bestowed by the Wehrmacht and Waffen-SS between 1935 and 1945, during the rule of the Nazi Party in Germany and the years of World War II. Unique medals and special degrees| Star of the Grand Cross of the Iron Cross | Grand Cross of the Iron Cross | Knights Cross of the Iron Cross
with Golden Oak Leaves
Swords, and Diamonds | Golden Knights Cross of the War Merit Cross
(Awarded with and without Swords) | German Cross with Diamonds | |
Military valor decorations Knights Cross of the Iron Cross
with Oakleaves, Swords, and Diamonds | Knights Cross of the Iron Cross
with Oakleaves and Swords | Knights Cross of the Iron Cross
with Oakleaves | Knights Cross of the Iron Cross | |
|
Meritorious military decorations| German Cross in Gold | Iron Cross First Class | Iron Cross Second Class | 1939 Clasp to the Iron Cross | Military Honor Roll Clasp
(Awarded for army, navy, and air force) | |
|
Knights Cross of the War Merit Cross
(Awarded with and without Swords) | German Cross in Silver | War Merit Cross (First and Second Class)
(Awarded with and without Swords) | |
|
Spanish Cross in Gold, Silver, and Bronze
Awarded with and without Swords
Special grade awarded in Gold with Diamonds
Posthumous grade known as "Spanish Cross for Next of Kin of Fallen" | |
|
Military service decorations| Cross of Honor (1914–1918) | Eastern Front Medal | West Wall Medal[1]
Upgradeable to include 1944 Bar | Anschluss Medal | Memel Medal | Sudetenland Medal
Upgradeable to include
Prague Castle Bar | |
|
Military service medals Wehrmacht Long Service Award
Awarded for army, navy, and air force
Awarded in grades of 4, 12, 18, 25, and 40 Years of Service | SS Long Service Award
Awarded in grades of 4, 12, 18, and 25 Years of Service | |
|
Arm shields- Narvik Shield, 1940
- Crimea Shield, 1941–1942
- Cholm Shield, 1942
- Demyansk Shield, 1942
- Kuban Shield, 1943
- Lappland Shield, 1944–1945
Military and paramilitary badgesArmy/{{lang|de|Waffen-SS}} war badges- Infantry Assault Badge
- General Assault Badge
- Close Combat Clasp
- Tank Battle Badge
- Army Anti-Aircraft Badge
- Army Paratrooper Badge
- Bandit-warfare Badge
- Balloon Observer's Badge
- Tank Destruction Badge
- Sniper's Badge
- Tank Memorial Badge
- Wound Badge
- {{ill|Front Line Driver's Badge|de|Kraftfahrbewährungsabzeichen}}
- {{ill|Badge for Destruction of Strafing Warplanes|de|Tieffliegervernichtungsabzeichen}}
- {{ill|Condor Legion Tank Badge|de|Panzertruppenabzeichen der Legion Condor}}
Naval war badges{{main|Awards and decorations of the Kriegsmarine}}- High Seas Fleet Badge
- Destroyer War Badge
- Minesweeper War Badge
- Blockade Runner Badge
- Fast Attack Craft War Badge
- U-Boat War Badge
- Auxiliary Cruiser Badge
- Naval Artillery War Badge
- U-Boat Combat Clasp
- Naval Front Clasp
{{lang|de|Luftwaffe}} badges & other awards- Combined Pilots-Observation Badge
- Pilot's Badge
- Luftwaffe Paratrooper Badge
- Anti-Aircraft Flak Battle Badge
- Ground Assault Badge of the Luftwaffe
- Observer Badge
- Glider Pilot Badge
- Radio Operator Badge
- Flyer's Commemorative Badge
- Aircrew Badge
- Air Gunner Badge
- Luftwaffe Flying Clasps
The Luftwaffe maintained two non-portable awards. The first being the "Honor Goblet of the Luftwaffe" ({{lang|de|Ehrenpokal für besondere Leistung im Luftkrieg}}). It was given to aircrew who had already been awarded the Iron Cross First Class, but whose performance was not considered to merit the German Cross or Knight's Cross. It was replaced by the Luftwaffe Honour Roll Clasp in January 1944.{{sfn|Angolia|1987|p=320}} The second was the "Luftwaffe Honor Plate" (Ehrenschale für hervorragende Kampfleistungen der Luftwaffe), in June 1942.{{cn|date=September 2018}} Foreign division awardsForeign division awards were specially intended for non-German volunteers serving in specially-formed divisions in the Wehrmacht. - Blue Division Medal
- Ostvolk Medal
- Schalburg Cross
- 5th Don Cossack Regimental Cross[2]
- 2nd Siberian Cossack Regimental Cross[3]
See also- List of civil decorations of Nazi Germany
- Political decorations of the Nazi Party
Notes 1. ^The West Wall Medal was issued twice, once in 1939 and again in 1944. The 1944 version was commonly referred to as the "German Defense Medal". For those personnel who had already received the 1939 West Wall Medal, a "1944 Bar" was authorized to the decoration.
2. ^{{cite web|last1=Ailsby|first1=Christopher|title=The 5th Don Cossacks Cavalry Regiment Cross|url=http://ailsby-collection.blogspot.dk/2015/12/the-5th-don-cossacks-cavalry-regiment.html|website=Ailsby Collection|accessdate=26 April 2018|date=6 December 2015}}
3. ^{{cite web|title=Cossack Volunteers|url=https://axis101.bizland.com/CossackShields02.htm|website=axis101.bizland.com|accessdate=26 April 2018}}
References - {{cite book |last=Angolia |first=John |title=For Führer and Fatherland: Military Awards of the Third Reich |publisher=R. James Bender Publishing |year=1987 |isbn=0912138149 |ref=harv }}
{{Uniforms, insignia and ranks of Nazi Germany}}{{Decorations by country|state=collapsed}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Orders Decorations And Medals Of Nazi Germany}} 1 : Orders, decorations, and medals of Nazi Germany |