| 词条 | Alva, Oklahoma |
| 释义 |
|name = Alva, Oklahoma |settlement_type = City |nickname = |motto = |image_skyline = Alva Oklahoma Mural.jpg |image_caption = The "Charles Share" mural painted by artist Don Gray under commission from the Alva Mural Society in 2004.[1] |image_flag = |image_seal = |image_map = OKMap-doton-Alva.PNG |map_caption = Location of Alva within Oklahoma |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = United States |subdivision_type1 = State |subdivision_name1 = Oklahoma |subdivision_type2 = County |subdivision_name2 = Woods |government_footnotes =[2] |government_type = Council-manager |leader_title = Mayor |leader_name = Mayor Kelly Parker |leader_title1 = City manager |leader_name1 = Joe Don Dunham |established_title = Incorporated |established_date = {{Start date and age|1893}} |area_footnotes = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_total_km2 = 6.187795 |area_land_km2 = 6.187795 |area_water_km2 = 0.0 |unit_pref = Imperial |population_as_of = 2010 |population_footnotes =[3] |population_total = 4945 |population_density_sq_mi = auto |population_density_km2 = auto |timezone = Central (CST) |utc_offset = -6 |timezone_DST = CDT |utc_offset_DST = -5 |elevation_footnotes = |elevation_m = 411 |elevation_ft = 1348 |coordinates = {{coord|36|48|21|N|98|40|04|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}} |postal_code_type = ZIP code |postal_code = 73717 |area_code = 580 |blank_name = FIPS code |blank_info = 40-01800[4] |blank1_name = GNIS feature ID |blank1_info = 1089605[5] |website = alvaok.org |footnotes = }}Alva is a city in and the county seat of Woods County, Oklahoma, United States,[6] along the Salt Fork Arkansas River. The population was 4,945 at the 2010 census.[3] Northwestern Oklahoma State University is located in Alva.[8] HistoryAlva was established in 1893 as a General Land Office for the Cherokee Outlet land run, the largest of the land rushes that settled western and central Oklahoma. The site was chosen for its location on the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway and likely named for a railroad attorney, Alva Adams, who had become governor of Colorado. When the Southern Kansas Railway, began extending its line from Kiowa, Kansas across the Cherokee Outlet in 1886, Alva became the first railroad station southwest of Kiowa. The line was operational in 1887, in time for the opening of the Unassigned Lands.[8] The United States Secretary of the Interior chose Alva as the seat of County M when Oklahoma Territory was organized in 1890. A U.S. government land office opened there before a presidential proclamation on August 19, 1893, opened the Cherokee Outlet for general settlement. The actual land run occurred September 16, 1893. By then, Alva's {{convert|320|acre|km2}} site had been formally surveyed and platted.[8] In 1896, three years after the land run, George Cromwell and "Coal Oil Johnny" Broughan created and managed the Alva Giants, the city's first traveling baseball team including pitcher Bill McGill, who went on to join the St. Louis Browns in 1907.[7][8] Northwestern Territorial Normal School, now Northwestern Oklahoma State University, was established in 1897 in Alva by the Oklahoma Territorial Legislature.[8] During World War II, Alva was the site of a prisoner of war camp for German POWs. On July 19, 1943, the United States Department of War ordered that Camp Alva would be the place for the internment of the most troublesome German prisoners of war – "Nazi leaders, Gestapo agents, and extremists".[9] Alva is also the location of the Oklahoma Department of Corrections minimum-security Charles E. Johnson Correctional Center housing 630 male felon drug offenders.[10] GeographyAlva is located in the northeastern quadrant of Woods County, Oklahoma, {{convert|65| miles|km}} northeast of Woodward, Oklahoma, {{convert|72| miles| km}} northwest of Enid, Oklahoma and {{convert|119|miles| km}} southwest of Wichita, Kansas.[11] Its geographic coordinates are {{Coord|36|48|7|N|98|39|57|W|type:city}} (36.801931, −98.665959).[12] According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of {{convert|2.4|sqmi|km2}}, all land. Climate{{Weather box |location = Alva, Oklahoma |single line = Y |Jan record high F = 85 |Feb record high F = 89 |Mar record high F = 99 |Apr record high F = 100 |May record high F = 106 |Jun record high F = 114 |Jul record high F = 120 |Aug record high F = 118 |Sep record high F = 115 |Oct record high F = 103 |Nov record high F = 92 |Dec record high F = 85 |year record high F= 120 |Jan high F = 48 |Feb high F = 53 |Mar high F = 62 |Apr high F = 72 |May high F = 80 |Jun high F = 91 |Jul high F = 96 |Aug high F = 96 |Sep high F = 88 |Oct high F = 76 |Nov high F = 61 |Dec high F = 50 |year high F= |Jan low F = 23 |Feb low F = 26 |Mar low F = 34 |Apr low F = 45 |May low F = 54 |Jun low F = 64 |Jul low F = 69 |Aug low F = 68 |Sep low F = 60 |Oct low F = 48 |Nov low F = 34 |Dec low F = 31 |year low F= |Jan record low F = −15 |Feb record low F = −16 |Mar record low F = −5 |Apr record low F = 16 |May record low F = 25 |Jun record low F = 41 |Jul record low F = 51 |Aug record low F = 45 |Sep record low F = 31 |Oct record low F = 10 |Nov record low F = 5 |Dec record low F = −10 |year record low F= −16 |Jan precipitation inch = 0.9 |Feb precipitation inch = 1.2 |Mar precipitation inch = 1.6 |Apr precipitation inch = 2.6 |May precipitation inch = 4.1 |Jun precipitation inch = 3.7 |Jul precipitation inch = 2.5 |Aug precipitation inch = 3.1 |Sep precipitation inch = 2.8 |Oct precipitation inch = 2.2 |Nov precipitation inch = 1.5 |Dec precipitation inch = 1.0 |year precipitation inch= 27.3 |precipitation colour = green |Jan snow inch = 3.5 |Feb snow inch = 4.8 |Mar snow inch = 3.2 |Apr snow inch = 0.2 |May snow inch = 0 |Jun snow inch = 0 |Jul snow inch = 0 |Aug snow inch = 0 |Sep snow inch = 0 |Oct snow inch = 0 |Nov snow inch = 1.1 |Dec snow inch = 3.3 |year snow inch=16.1 |source 1 = Weatherbase[13] |date=August 2010 }} Demographics{{US Census population|1900= 1499 |1910= 3688 |1920= 3913 |1930= 5121 |1940= 5055 |1950= 6505 |1960= 6258 |1970= 7440 |1980= 6416 |1990= 5495 |2000= 5288 |2010= 4945 |estyear=2015 |estimate=5180 |estref=[14] |footnote=[https://www.census.gov/prod/www/abs/decennial/ U.S. Decennial Census] }} 2010 censusAs of the census of 2010, there were 4,945 people, 2,107 households, 1,134 families residing in the city.[3] The population density was 2,100 people per square mile (800/km²). There were 2,568 housing units at an average density of 1,110 per square mile (425/km²).[3] Self-identified white residents made up 90% of the population, with the remainder composed of 2% African American, 2.1% Native American, 1.1% Asian, less than 0.1% Pacific Islander, 2% from other races, and 2.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.6% of the population. Of the 2,107 households, a quarter (24.9%) included individuals under the age of 18, 40.8% were married couples, 13.1% had a householder with no spouse present, and 46.2% were non-families. More than a third of households (36%) consisted of a single individual. Less than a quarter (13.2%) consisted of an individual age 65 or older living alone. The average household size was 2.17. The average family size was 2.86. 2000 censusAs of the census[4] of 2000, there were 5,288 people, 2,205 households, and 1,261 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,228.6 people per square mile (861.5/km²). There were 2,644 housing units at an average density of 1,114.3 per square mile (430.7/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 94.99% White, 1.30% African American, 1.34% Native American, 0.78% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 0.23% from other races, and 1.32% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.82% of the population. There were 2,205 households out of which 23.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.1% were married couples living together, 8.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 42.8% were non-families. 34.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 16.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.16 and the average family size was 2.81. In the city the population was spread out with 18.9% under the age of 18, 21.7% from 18 to 24, 20.5% from 25 to 44, 18.9% from 45 to 64, and 20.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.5 males. The median income for a household in the city was $27,432, and the median income for a family was $38,041. Males had a median income of $27,531 versus $17,981 for females. The per capita income for the city was $17,966. About 9.1% of families and 17.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.8% of those under age 18 and 7.0% of those age 65 or over. EducationAlva is home to Northwestern Oklahoma State University (NWOSU), founded in 1897 as a normal school.[11] The college's main building for a time was the "Castle on the Hill," a huge, fanciful brick building, modeled after a Norman castle, that towered over much of the town. The Castle burned down in 1935, to be replaced by Jesse Dunn Hall, which was dedicated in 1937 by Eleanor Roosevelt.[15] Northwest Technology Center is based in Alva. The Alva Independent School District oversees the 5 public school facilities and a district office in the Alva area. EconomyAgriculture has been the basis of the city's economy since it was founded. Initially, the local farms produced a variety of crops and livestock. The original 160-acre farms have mostly been consolidated into much larger units, concentrating on production of beef and wheat.[11] Aeronautics firm Vantage Plane Plastics, located at the airport, claims the title of "the world's largest supplier of FAA Approved interior components for most all general aviation aircraft", employing 24 people with 2016 gross sales of $3.8 Million.[16][17] In 1998 a group of local wheat farmers founded the frozen dough manufacturing facility, Value Added Products, a cooperative that in 2017 employed 83 people with an annual payroll of $2.2 Million.[18][19] NWOSU is the largest employer in Alva.[11] Currently Alva has a city sales tax of 4.35%, the Woods County tax rate of 0.5% and a State tax rate of 4.5% for a combined tax rate of 9.25%[20] GovernmentAlva has an aldermanic form of government.[11] TransportationU.S. Route 64 runs east–west through the center of the city, intersecting U.S. Route 281, which runs north–south. U.S. Route 281 joins U.S. Route 64 for one mile between College Boulevard (west) and Lane Boulevard (east) on Oklahoma Boulevard.[21]Alva Regional Airport, a 650-acre general aviation facility owned and operated by the city, is immediately south of the city on the west side of U.S. Route 281.[21]Alva is located on the Panhandle Subdivision of the Southern Transcon route of the BNSF Railway. This is the main transcontinental route between Los Angeles and Chicago, and carries an average of 90 freight trains per day. In January 2015 BNSF Railway announced an expansion project to add a second track between Wellington, Kansas and Avard, Oklahoma passing through Alva as part of a $175 million expansion in the South Region. Work on the project will start by 2016 and is expected to be completed by 2017.[22][23] Local Media
Notable people{{See also|Northwestern Oklahoma State University#Notable alumni|l1=List of Northwestern Oklahoma State University notable people}}
In popular culture
See also{{Portal|Oklahoma}}
References1. ^{{cite web|title=Charles Share Mural |url=http://www.travelok.com/listings/view.profile/id.23443 |publisher=Travel OK |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170414014913/http://www.travelok.com/listings/view.profile/id.23443 |archive-date=April 14, 2017 |accessdate=April 13, 2017 |deadurl=yes }} 2. ^{{cite web|title=Alva City Mayor |url=http://www.alvaok.org/mayor.htm |publisher=City of Alva |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304035107/http://www.alvaok.org/mayor.htm |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |accessdate=April 13, 2017 |deadurl=yes }} 3. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|title=2010 City Population and Housing Occupancy Status |url=http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_PL_GCTPL2.ST13&prodType=table |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |accessdate=October 18, 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721034521/http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_PL_GCTPL2.ST13&prodType=table |archivedate=July 21, 2011 |df=mdy }} 4. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov |publisher=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=2008-01-31 |title=American FactFinder |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130911234518/http://factfinder2.census.gov/ |archivedate=September 11, 2013 |df=mdy }} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://geonames.usgs.gov|accessdate=2008-01-31|title=US Board on Geographic Names|publisher=United States Geological Survey|date=October 25, 2007}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx|accessdate=2011-06-07|title=Find a County|publisher=National Association of Counties |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110531210815/http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |archivedate=May 31, 2011 }} 7. ^{{Cite magazine| first=Harold | last=Keith | year=1971 | magazine=Oklahoma Today | pages=21–22 | title=Summer Dementia | url=http://digital.library.okstate.edu/oktoday/1970s/1971/oktdv21n3.pdf | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304084059/http://digital.library.okstate.edu/oktoday/1970s/1971/oktdv21n3.pdf | archive-date=March 4, 2016 | access-date=July 7, 2017| dead-url=no}} 8. ^{{cite web| publisher=Diamonds in the dusk | title = Austin Senators, 44-0 | url=http://www.diamondsinthedusk.com/uploads/articles/20-img2-AUSTIN_1907_44-0.pdf | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160627143810/http://www.diamondsinthedusk.com/uploads/articles/20-img2-AUSTIN_1907_44-0.pdf |archive-date=June 27, 2016 |access-date=July 7, 2017 | dead-url=no }} 9. ^{{cite book|last=Hurt|first=R. Douglas|title=The Great Plains During World War II|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9ETMeMFIbJAC|accessdate=April 6, 2014|year=2008|publisher=U of Nebraska Press|isbn=9780803224094}} 10. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.ok.gov/doc/Organization/Field_Operations/West_Institutions/Bill_Johnson_Correctional_Center.html|publisher=Oklahoma Department of Corrections|title=Charles E. "Bill" Johnson Correctional Center|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150619021218/http://www.ok.gov/doc/Organization/Field_Operations/West_Institutions/Bill_Johnson_Correctional_Center.html|archivedate=June 19, 2015|accessdate=July 26, 2015|deadurl=no}} 11. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Reichenberger, Donovan. "Alva," Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture. Accessed June 21, 2010. 12. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/gazette.html|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=2011-04-23|date=February 12, 2011|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}} 13. ^{{cite web| url =http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weatherall.php3?s=23837&refer=| title = Weatherbase: Historical Weather for Alva, Oklahoma, United States}} 14. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2015/SUB-EST2015.html|title=Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2015|accessdate=July 2, 2016|archive-url=https://archive.is/20160602200744/http://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2015/SUB-EST2015.html|archive-date=June 2, 2016|dead-url=yes|df=mdy-all}} 15. ^{{cite web|title=Three buildings celebrating 70th year|url=http://www.nwosu.edu/Websites/NWOSU/Images/UnivRelations/Tour/JDCHEC%20histories.pdf |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nwosu.edu%2FWebsites%2FNWOSU%2FImages%2FUnivRelations%2FTour%2FJDCHEC%2520histories.pdf&date=2017-05-20 |archive-date=May 20, 2017|website=Northwestern Oklahoma State University|accessdate=June 28, 2015|format=pdf}} 16. ^{{cite news | title=Alva aeronautics firm finds niche producing pieces for private aircraft | publisher=The Oklahoman |date=15 Nov 2017 | first=Mike |last=Coppock |access-date=24 March 2018| url=http://newsok.com/article/5572133/alva-aeronautics-firm-finds-niche-producing-pieces-for-private-aircraft | archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsok.com%2Farticle%2F5572133%2Falva-aeronautics-firm-finds-niche-producing-pieces-for-private-aircraft&date=2018-03-24 | archive-date=24 March 2018 | dead-url=no}} 17. ^{{cite web| title=company history | url= http://www.planeplastics.com/company-history | access-date=24 March 2018 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170813220659/http://www.planeplastics.com/company-history | archive-date=13 August 2017 | dead-url=no}} 18. ^{{cite news|title=VAP shows a profit, has sales growth, $2.2 million payroll |publisher=The Alva Review-Courier |work=Newsgram |date=February 8, 2017 |access-date=May 20, 2017 |format=pdf |url=http://www.alvareviewcourier.com/home/cms_data/dfault/photos/stories/id/3/8/8438/6993332.pdf |first=Yvonne |last=Miller |pages=22, 24 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.alvareviewcourier.com%2Fhome%2Fcms_data%2Fdfault%2Fphotos%2Fstories%2Fid%2F3%2F8%2F8438%2F6993332.pdf&date=2017-05-20 |archive-date=May 20, 2017 |dead-url=no}} 19. ^{{cite web|title=Made in Oklahoma – Value Added Products |publisher=Oklahoma Horizon |date=November 21, 2010 |url=http://www.okhorizon.com/shows/2010-show-archive/november-2010-show-archive/show-1047/made-in-oklahoma-value-added-products |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160929233639/http://www.okhorizon.com/shows/2010-show-archive/november-2010-show-archive/show-1047/made-in-oklahoma-value-added-products |archive-date=September 29, 2016 |dead-url=no |access-date=May 20, 2017 }} 20. ^{{cite web|title=Rates and Codes for Sales, Use, and Lodging Tax |url=https://www.ok.gov/tax/documents/copo1Q17.pdf |publisher=Oklahoma Tax commission |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170210013913/https://www.ok.gov/tax/documents/copo1Q17.pdf |archive-date=February 10, 2017 |access-date=June 13, 2017 |dead-url=no }} 21. ^1 {{cite web|title=Department of Transportation 2015–2016 Official State Map |url=http://www.odot.org/maps/state/2015/map_state_2015.pdf |website=ODOT |publisher=Oklahoma Department of Transportation |accessdate=June 28, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073440/http://www.odot.org/maps/state/2015/map_state_2015.pdf |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |deadurl=yes }} 22. ^{{cite web|last1=Casas |first1=Amy |title=BNSF Invests Across its Regions to Expand Capacity and Maintain Vast Network |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/2015/01/15/tx-bnsf-railway-idUSnBw156384a+100+BSW20150115 |website=reuters.com |accessdate=June 28, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160312045141/https://www.reuters.com/article/tx-bnsf-railway-idUSnBw156384a%2B100%2BBSW20150115 |archive-date=March 12, 2016 |deadurl=yes }} 23. ^{{cite web|last1=Miller|first1=Jessica|title=BNSF plans include double tracking near, through Alva|url=http://www.enidnews.com/news/bnsf-plans-include-double-tracking-near-through-alva/article_f3af7d3c-79a2-11e4-9919-eb75b1e8f4c7.html|website=enidnews.com|publisher=The Enid News and Eagle|accessdate=June 28, 2015}} 24. ^Reichenberger, Donovan. Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture. "Woods County." Retrieved January 1, 2013. 25. ^{{cite news|publisher=The Guardian |first=will |last=Dean |title=Mad Men recap: season seven, episode 13 – The Milk and Honey Route |work=Mad Men: Notes from the break room |date=May 10, 2015 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2015/may/11/mad-men-recap-season-seven-episode-13-the-milk-and-honey-route-warning-spoilers |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160609073223/https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2015/may/11/mad-men-recap-season-seven-episode-13-the-milk-and-honey-route-warning-spoilers |archive-date=June 9, 2016 |dead-url=no |access-date=May 18, 2017 }} External links{{Commons category|Alva, Oklahoma}}
6 : Cities in Woods County, Oklahoma|Cities in Oklahoma|County seats in Oklahoma|Populated places established in 1893|1893 establishments in Oklahoma Territory|University towns in the United States |
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