| 词条 | Amphimedon compressa |
| 释义 |
| image = Amphimedon compressa (Erect Rope Sponge- red).jpg | taxon = Amphimedon compressa | authority = Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864 | synonyms = {{hidden begin|title = List}}
}} Amphimedon compressa, the erect rope sponge, red tree sponge, red tubular sponge, or red sponge is a demosponge found in southern Florida, the Caribbean Sea, and the Bahamas. It can be deep red, orange, brown, or black. TaxonomyThe erect rope sponge used to be classified as Haliclona rubens, but this was determined to be a synonym of Haliclona compressa.[1] This name, however, is no longer accepted, and the World Porifera Database lists this species as Amphimedon compressa – Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864.[2] DescriptionAmphimedon compressa can grow to a length of {{convert|40|cm|abbr=on}} and a diameter of {{convert|4|cm|abbr=on}}, but it is usually smaller in shallow water. The tree-like curved branches grow from a basal encrusting mass, but very occasionally this sponge grows as a small, unbranched, flattened hemisphere. Many small osculi are found on the branches. It is usually a dull dark red, but the colour varies and it is sometimes black, dark brown, greyish-brown, bright red, or orange.[3] In dark positions under overhangs, it grows in mats and its colour is weak.[4]DistributionThe erect rope sponge grows as part of the coral reef community. It occurs in Florida, the Caribbean Sea, and the Bahamas at depths to about {{convert|20|m|abbr=on}}.[3] It occurs on the crests and sides of the reef growing on rock, and on vertical surfaces, it protrudes sideways.[4] BiologyThe erect rope sponge feeds on plankton and tiny organic particles suspended in the water. To do this, the sponge draws in water through small pores called ostia, filters out particles in the choanocyte tissue, then moves the water through the spongocoel or central cavity before pumping the water out through the osculi.[4] EcologyAmphimedon compressa is part of a sponge community in a belt at depths between {{convert|80|and|240|m|abbr=on}} off the Cayman Islands, and often grows out horizontally from rock faces.[4] It often has the sponge brittle star (Ophiothrix suensoni) living on its surface.[3] Sponges are often eaten by sea stars, but the red tree sponge contains certain secondary metabolites which deter feeding by the common Caribbean starfish Echinaster echinophorus.[5]References1. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=47771 |title=Haliclona Grant, 1836 |publisher=ITIS |accessdate=2012-09-30}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q2036623}}2. ^{{cite WoRMS |author=van Soest, Rob |year=2012 |title=Amphimedon compressa Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864 |id=166666 |accessdate=2012-09-11 |db=Porifera}} 3. ^1 2 {{cite book |title=Marine Invertebrates and Plants of the Living Reef |last=Colin |first=Patrick L. |year=1978 |publisher=T.F.H. Publications |isbn=0-86622-875-6 |page=102 }} 4. ^1 2 3 {{cite book |title=Common Sponges of the Cayman Islands |last=Ghiold |first=J. |author2=Rountree, G. A. |author3=Smith, S. H. |year=1994 |publisher=Springer |isbn=0792324625 |pages=131–138 |url=https://books.google.com/?id=9rjEbZWPLvcC&pg=PA131&dq=Haliclona+compressa#v=onepage&q=Haliclona%20compressa&f=false |accessdate=}} 5. ^{{cite journal |author1=Waddell, Brett |author2=Pawlik, Joseph R. |year=2000 |title=Defenses of Caribbean sponges against invertebrate predators. II. Assays with sea stars |journal=Marine Ecology Progress Series |volume=195 |pages=133–144 |doi=10.3354/meps195133 }} 2 : Chalinidae|Sponges described in 1864 |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。