| 词条 | Anapodoton |
| 释义 |
An anapodoton (from the Greek anapodosis: "without a main clause") is a rhetorical device related to the anacoluthon.{{how| april 2013|date= April 2013}} It is a figure of speech or discourse that is an incomplete sentence, consisting of a subject or complement without the requisite object. The stand-alone subordinate clause suggests or implies a subject (a main clause), but this is not actually provided.[1] As an intentional rhetorical device, it is generally used for set phrases, where the full form is understood, and would thus be tedious to spell out, as in "When in Rome [do as the Romans]." or "If the mountain won't come to Muhammad [Muhammed will go to the mountain]." Anapodoton is extremely common in Classical Chinese and languages that draw from it, such as Japanese, where a long literary phrase is abbreviated to just a sufficient allusion. For example, Zhuangzi's phrase {{lang|zh|井鼃不可以語於海者拘於虛也}} "A frog in a well cannot conceive of the ocean." meaning "people of limited experience have a narrow world view" is rendered as {{lang|zh|井底之蛙}} "A frog in a well" in Modern Chinese, and as {{Nihongo||井の中の蛙|I no naka no kawazu|A frog in a well}} in Modern Japanese, abbreviating {{Nihongo||井の中の蛙大海を知らず|I no naka no kawazu taikai o shirazu|A frog in a well does not know the great ocean.}} Other usesIt is also said to occur when a main clause is left unsaid due to a speaker interrupting him/herself to revise a thought, thus leaving the initial clause unresolved, but then making use of it nonetheless by recasting and absorbing it into a new, grammatically complete sentence. Though grammatically incorrect, anapodoton is a commonplace feature of everyday informal speech. It, therefore, appears frequently in dramatic writing and in fiction in the form of direct speech or the representation of stream of consciousness. Examples:
(implied: "then you are mistaken")
(implied: "You make lemonade")
(implied:"Then they will be disappointed") [From the Halo video game series]
(implied: "was yesterday")
(implied: "the tough gets going")
(implied: "get out of the kitchen") See also
References1. ^{{cite book|author=Stephen Wayne Whitworth|title=The Name of the Ancients: humanist homoerotics and the signs of pastoral|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xOIeAQAAMAAJ|year=1997|publisher=University of Michigan|page=143}} 1 : Rhetorical techniques |
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